yintoni, unyango, umjikelo wobomi kunye nokuhanjiswa

Umxholo

• Umjikelo wobomi bentsholongwane
• Ngaba kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa
• Unyango losulelo ngu Yersinia pestis
• Indlela yokuthintela

THE Yersinia pestis yintsholongwane enokudluliselwa ebantwini ngokulunywa zizintakumba okanye iimpuku ezosulelekileyo kwaye linoxanduva lwesibetho se-bubonic, esikwabizwa ngokuba sisibetho esimnyama. Esi sifo sinzima kwaye sihlala sibulala ukuba asinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, kuba ngoyena nobangela wokufa kwabantu abangaphezulu kwama-30% abantu baseYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-14.

Unyango losulelo ngale ntsholongwane kufuneka lwenziwe kwakamsinya zakuvela iimpawu zokuqala, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane kuyacetyiswa ngugqirha osulelekileyo okanye ugqirha jikelele.

Umjikelo wobomi bentsholongwane

Iintakumba zitya igazi, ingakumbi iimpuku. Ukuba iimpuku zosulelekile Yersinia pestisXa kutyalwa isilwanyana, intakumba nayo iyayifumana le ntsholongwane. Xa kusifa intuku, iintakumba ezisulelekileyo zikhangela eminye imizimba ukuba iqhubeke isondla ngegazi. Ke, inokuchaphazela ezinye iimpuku nezinye izilwanyana, njengeekati okanye abantu ngokulunywa.

Intakumba nganye inokuhlala isulelekile iinyanga kwaye ngenxa yoko ichaphazele abantu abaninzi kunye nezinye izilwanyana. Iimpawu zokuqala zosulelo ngu Yersinia pestisukuvela phakathi kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokosuleleka. Jonga ezona mpawu ziphambili zosulelo nguYersinia pestis.

Ngaba kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa

Ukuhanjiswa kwale bhaktiriya ebantwini kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezininzi, ezinje:

• Ukulunywa zizifo ezichaphazelekayo;
• Ukulawulwa kwegazi, ukufihla okanye izicwili zezilwanyana ezosulelekileyo;
• Ukulunywa kunye nemikrwelo evela kwiikati ezingcolileyo.

Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yosasazo kukugabha, ukuthimla kunye nokukhohlela, apho amathontsi athe saa emoyeni kwaye unokusasaza le ntsholongwane kubemi, yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba unyango lwenziwe bodwa.

Unyango losulelo ngu Yersinia pestis

Unyango losulelo nguYersinia pestis kufanele ukuba iqalwe kwakamsinya emva kokuvela kweempawu zokuqala, kuba le bhaktiriya inokubangela ukufa kwiiyure ezingaphantsi kwe-24. Ke, iimpawu ekufuneka uzazi ngamanzi adumbileyo, umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu kunye nokudinwa okugqithisileyo, okuvela kwiindawo ezinesifo okanye emva kokulunywa zizintakumba, umzekelo.

Ngokwesiqhelo, unyango lusenziwa esibhedlele, kwiyunithi yokuzahlula, kunye namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngqo emthanjeni kwaye amiselwe ngugqirha wesifo esosulelayo. Ezona antibiotics zisebenzayo zezi:

• IStreptomycin;
• Itetracycline;
• Gentamycin;
• IFluoroquinolone;
• I-chloramphenicol.

Emva kokuba iimpawu kunye nomkhuhlane uzinzile, umntu osulelekileyo uhlala ebuyela ekhaya kwaye uyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-antibiotiki kangangeentsuku ezili-10, nokuba akasenazo iimpawu.

Indlela yokuthintela

Ukuthintela olu suleleko kungenziwa ngokulawulwa kwempuku kunye nokulawulwa kwezinambuzane kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto zokugxotha ukuthintela ukulunywa zizintakumba, njengoko intsholongwane ebangela ubhubhane ikakhulu ichaphazela iimpuku, iimpuku kunye noonomatse, ezona zinto ziphambili kwiintakumba. Kubalulekile ukunxiba izixhobo zokukhusela xa uphatha igazi, ukhuseleko kunye nezicubu zezilwanyana ezinokosuleleka.

Abantu abahamba kwiindawo ezisemngciphekweni wokuchaphazeleka kwiibhaktheriya banokuthatha iidosi zokuthintela i-tetracycline.