Spinal Trauma: yintoni, kutheni kusenzeka kwaye unyango

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu?
• Yintoni ongayenza xa ukrokreleka okonzakeleyo
• Kutheni le nto isenzeka
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

Umqolo okonzakeleyo ukwenzakala okwenzeka kuwo nawuphi na ummandla wentambo yomqolo, onokubangela utshintsho olusisigxina kwimoto nakwimisebenzi yeemvakalelo kummandla womzimba ongaphantsi kwengozi. Ukulimala okubuhlungu kunokugqitywa, apho kukho ukulahleka okupheleleyo kwemoto kunye nomsebenzi we-sensory ngaphantsi kwendawo apho kwenzeka khona ukulimala, okanye kungaphelelanga, apho le lahleko liyingxenye.

Umothuko unokwenzeka ngexesha lokuwa okanye ingozi yendlela, umzekelo, ezo meko ekufuneka zijongiwe kwangoko ukuthintela ukuba mandundu komonakalo. Ngelishwa, akukabikho nyango yokuguqula umonakalo obangelwe kukudandatheka kwentambo yomqolo, nangona kunjalo, kukho amanyathelo anceda ukuthintela ukwenzakala ngakumbi kwaye uncede umntu aqhelane nendlela entsha yokuphila.

Zithini iimpawu?

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokulimala kwentambo yomgogodla zixhomekeke kubunzima bokwenzakala kunye nommandla apho kwenzeka khona. Umntu unokukhubazeka, xa kuphela inxenye yomthi, imilenze kunye nommandla we-pelvic uchaphazelekayo, okanye i-quadriplegic, xa umzimba wonke uchaphazelekayo ngaphantsi kwentamo.

Ukulimala kwentambo yomqolo kunokubangela ezi zimpawu kunye neempawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuphulukana nentshukumo;
• Ukuphulukana okanye ukutshintsha kobuntununtunu kubushushu, ukubanda, iintlungu okanye ukubamba;
• Ukudumba kwezihlunu kunye nengqondo ebaxekileyo;
• Utshintsho ekusebenzeni ngokwesondo, uvakalelo lwesini okanye ukuchuma;
• Ubuhlungu okanye ukubetha;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukucoca imfihlo kwimiphunga;
• Ukuphulukana nesinyi okanye ukulawula amathumbu.

Nangona ilahleko yesinyi kunye nokulawula amathumbu kulahlekile, ezi zakhiwo ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokwesiqhelo. Isinyi siqhubeka nokugcina umchamo kwaye amathumbu ayaqhubeka nokwenza imisebenzi yawo ekucoleni ukutya, nangona kunjalo, kukho ubunzima kunxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo kunye nolu lwakhiwo lokuphelisa umchamo kunye nelindle, ukwandisa umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo okanye ukwenza amatye kwizintso.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, ngexesha lokwenzakala kusenokubakho iintlungu ezibuhlungu zomqolo okanye uxinzelelo entanyeni nasentloko, ubuthathaka, ukungahambi kakuhle okanye ukukhubazeka kuwo nawuphi na ummandla womzimba, ukuba ndindisholo, ukurhawuzelela kunye nokulahleka kwemvakalelo ezandleni, iminwe kunye neenyawo, ubunzima bokuhamba kunye nokugcina ibhalansi, ukuphefumla ubunzima okanye ukubeka indawo entanyeni okanye ngasemva.

Yintoni ongayenza xa ukrokreleka okonzakeleyo

Emva kwengozi, ukuwa, okanye enye into enokubangela ukwenzakala kwethambo lomqolo, kuya kufuneka uphephe ukuhambisa umntu owenzakeleyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza ubize imeko yonyango engxamisekileyo.

Kutheni le nto isenzeka

Ukuqaqanjelwa ngumqolo kunokubangela ukonakala kwi-vertebrae, ligaments okanye i-spinal disc okanye umonakalo ngqo kumqolo womqolo ngokwawo, ngenxa yeengozi zendlela, ukuwa, ukulwa, imidlalo enogonyamelo, ukuntywila kwindawo enamanzi amancinci okanye kwindawo engalunganga, ukwenzakala imbumbulu okanye imela okanye izifo ezifana nesifo samathambo, umhlaza, usulelo okanye ukonakala kweediski zomqolo.

Ubungqongqo besilonda bunokuvela okanye buphucuke emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, iintsuku okanye iiveki, ezinokuthi zihambelane nokunakekelwa okuphakathi, ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo, ukhathalelo olukhawulezayo, ukunciphisa i-edema kunye namayeza anokusetyenziswa.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ugqirha unokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda ukuba bekukho ukwenzakala kwithambo lomqolo kunye nobunzima bokwenzakala, kwaye i-X-ray ihlala iboniswa njengovavanyo lokuqala lokuchonga utshintsho lomqolo, amathumba, ukwaphuka okanye olunye utshintsho ikholamu.

Ukongeza, unokusebenzisa i-CT scan ukubona okungahambi kakuhle kwi-X-ray, okanye kwi-MRI scan, enceda ekuchongeni ii-disc ze-herniated, amahlwili egazi okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubeka uxinzelelo kumqolo womqolo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Okwangoku akunakwenzeka ukubuyisa umonakalo wenzakalo yomqolo, nangona kunjalo, uphando lonyango olunokubakho lusaqhubeka. Nangona kunjalo, into enokwenziwa kula matyala kukuthintela ukuba isilonda singambi kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, sibhenele kuqhaqho ukuze kususwe iziqwengana zethambo okanye izinto zangaphandle.

Ukulungiselela le nto, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudibanisa iqela lokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo ukunceda umntu aqhelane nobomi babo obutsha, ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwasengqondweni. Eli qela kufuneka libe ne-physiotherapist, i-therapist, i-nurse rehabilitation, i-psychologist, unontlalontle, isondlo kunye ne-orthopedist okanye i-neurosurgeon ejongene nokulimala kwethambo lomqolo.

Uncedo lwezonyango ngexesha lengozi lukwabaluleke kakhulu, njengoko lunokuthintela ukwanda kokulimala, kwaye ukhathalelo lokuqala, ukuxilongwa kunye nokunyanga okukhawulezayo, kubangcono ukuvela komntu kunye nomgangatho wobomi.