Iiplatelets ezisezantsi: unokuba yintoni kwaye uyintoni na

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Inokuba yintoni
• 1. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweePlatelets
• 2. Ukungabikho kwe-folic acid okanye i-vitamin B12
• 3. Utshintsho kumongo wethambo
• 4. Iingxaki ekusebenzeni kwepeni
• 5. Abanye oonobangela
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa uneeplatelets ezisezantsi
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Thrombocytopenia, okanye i-thrombocytopenia, iyahambelana nokwehla kwenani leeplatelets egazini, imeko ethintela ukopha, kwaye inokubangela iimpawu ezinje ngamabala abomvu okanye mfusa kulusu, iintsini ezophayo okanye impumlo, kunye nomchamo obomvu, umzekelo.

Iiplatelets zizinto ezibalulekileyo zegazi ekunqandeni, ukuququzelela ukuphilisa amanxeba kunye nokuthintela ukopha. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokubangela ukwehla kwenani leeplatelets, ezinjengosulelo, njenge-dengue, ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza, njenge-heparin, izifo ezinxulumene nokuzikhusela, ezinje nge-thrombocytopenic purpura kunye nomhlaza.

Unyango lweeplatelet ezisezantsi kufuneka lwenziwe ngokwesizathu sazo, ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wegazi, kwaye kunokuba yimfuneko ukulawula unobangela, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okanye, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukutofelwa kwegazi.

Bona ezinye iinguqulelo eziphambili zeplatelet kunye nento onokuyenza.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iiplatelets ziphantsi xa ubalo lwegazi lungaphantsi kwe-150,000 iiseli / mm³ yegazi, kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, azibangeli zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, umntu unokuba notyekelo olukhulu lokopha, kunye neempawu ezinje:

• Amabala amfusa okanye abomvu krwe kulusu, njengemivumbo okanye imivumbo;
• Ukopha;
• Ukopha empumlweni;
• Umchamo wegazi;
• Ukopha esitulweni;
• Ukuya exesheni;
• Amanxeba wokopha ekunzima ukuwalawula.

Ezi mpawu zinokubonakala kuye nawuphina umntu oneeplatelets ezisezantsi, kodwa zixhaphake kakhulu xa ziphantsi kakhulu, njengaphantsi kweeseli ezingama-50,000 / mm³ zegazi, okanye xa zinxulunyaniswa nesinye isifo, esinjenge-dengue okanye i-cirrhosis, esiba mandundu umsebenzi wokunqanda igazi. igazi.

Esinye sezifo esiqhele ukudibaniswa nokuncitshiswa kweplatelet yi-thrombocytopenic purpura. Jonga ukuba yintoni esi sifo nendlela yokunyanga.

Inokuba yintoni

Iiplatelet ziveliswa kumongo wethambo, kwaye zihlala malunga neentsuku ezili-10, njengoko zihlala zizihlaziya. Izinto eziphazamisa inani leeplatelet egazini zezi:

1. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweePlatelets

Ezinye iimeko zinokubangela ukuba iiplatelets zihlale egazini kangangexesha elincinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inani labo lehle. Ezinye zezizathu eziphambili zezi:

• Usulelo lwentsholongwane, ezinje nge-dengue, i-Zika, i-mononucleosis kunye ne-HIV, umzekelo, okanye ziibhaktheriya, ezichaphazela ukusinda kweeplatelet ngenxa yotshintsho kulusu lomntu;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile, ezinje ngeHeparin, iSulfa, anti-inflammatory, anti-convulsant kunye ne-antihypertensive, umzekelo, njengoko zinokubangela ukusabela okutshabalalisa iiplatelets;
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo, ezinokuthi ziphuhlise iimpendulo ezihlasela kwaye zisuse iiplatelets, ezinjenge-lupus, immune kunye ne-thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, i-hemolytic-uremic syndrome kunye ne-hypothyroidism, umzekelo.

Izifo zokuzikhusela kwisifo zihlala zibangela ukunciphisa iiplatelets kunokusebenzisa amayeza kunye nosulelo. Ukongeza, umntu ngamnye unokusabela okwahlukileyo, okwahluka ngokwamajoni omzimba kunye nempendulo, ke yinto eqhelekileyo ukubona abantu abaneeplatelets ezisezantsi kwezinye iimeko zedengue kunakwabanye, umzekelo.

2. Ukungabikho kwe-folic acid okanye i-vitamin B12

Izinto ezinjenge-folic acid kunye nevithamini B12 zibalulekile kwi-hematopoiesis, eyinkqubo yokwakheka kweeseli zegazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala kwe-folic acid okanye ivithamini B12 kungakhokelela ekunciphiseni kwemveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Oku kusilela kuqhelekile kwimifuno ngaphandle kokubeka esweni isondlo, abantu abangondlekanga, abanxila kunye nabantu abanezifo ezibangela ukopha okufihlakeleyo, njengesisu okanye isisu.

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso malunga nento yokutya ukunqanda ukusilela kwe-folic acid kunye nevithamini B12.

3. Utshintsho kumongo wethambo

Olunye utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwethambo lomnqonqo lubangela ukuba ukuveliswa kweeplatelet kunciphise, okunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ezinje:

• Izifo zomongo wethambo, ezinje ngeaplastic anemia okanye i-myelodysplasia, umzekelo, ezibangela ukwehla kwemveliso okanye ukuveliswa okungalunganga kweeseli zegazi;
• Usulelo lomongo wethambo, njenge-HIV, i-Epstein-Barr virus kunye nenkukhu;
• Umhlaza ochaphazela umongo wethambo, njengeleukemia, i-lymphoma okanye i-metastases, umzekelo;
• Unyango ngamayeza, unyango lwemitha okanye ukuvezwa kwezinto ezinetyhefu kumqolo womqolo, njengelothe kunye nealuminium;

Kuqhelekile ukuba, kwezi meko, kukho ubukho be-anemia kunye nokwehla kweeseli ezimhlophe kuvavanyo lwegazi, njengoko umongo wethambo unoxanduva lokuveliswa kwezinto ezininzi zegazi. Jonga ukuba zintoni iimpawu zegazi kwaye ukrokrela nini.

4. Iingxaki ekusebenzeni kwepeni

Ipeni linoxanduva lokususa iiseli zegazi ezindala, kubandakanya iiplatelets, kwaye ukuba iyandiswa, njengakwimeko yezifo ezinjengesibindi sokuqina kwesibindi, i-sarcoidosis kunye ne-amyloidosis, umzekelo, kunokubakho ukususwa kweeplatelets ezisempilweni. kwimali engaphezu kwesiqhelo.

5. Abanye oonobangela

Kubukho beeplatelet ezisezantsi ngaphandle kwesizathu esichaziweyo, kubalulekile ukuba ucinge ngezinye zeemeko, ezinjengempazamo yesiphumo selebhu, njengoko iplatelet aggregation inokwenzeka kwityhubhu yokuqokelela igazi, ngenxa yobukho be-reagent kwityhubhu, kwaye kubalulekile ukuphinda uviwo kwezi meko.

Utywala bunokubangela ukunciphisa iiplatelets, njengoko ukusetyenziswa kotywala, ukongeza ekubeni kuyityhefu kwiiseli zegazi, kuchaphazela nemveliso yomongo wethambo.

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, i-thrombocytopenia yomzimba inokwenzeka, ngenxa yokuxutywa kwegazi ngenxa yokugcinwa kolwelo, okuhlala kuthambile, kwaye kusonjululwa ngokuzenzekelayo emva kokubeleka.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa uneeplatelets ezisezantsi

Phambi kwe-thrombocytopenia efunyenwe kuvavanyo, kubalulekile ukuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko ukuthintela ukopha, njengokuthintela iinzame ezinzulu okanye ukunxibelelana nemidlalo, ukunqanda ukusela utywala kunye nokungasebenzisi iziyobisi ezichaphazela ukusebenza kweeplatelets okanye ukwandisa umngcipheko wokopha, njenge-aspirin, anti-ukudumba, ii-anticoagulants kunye ne-ginkgo-biloba, umzekelo.

Unonophelo kufuneka luqiniswe xa iiplatelets zingaphantsi kwe-50,000 iiseli / mm³ egazini, kwaye kuyakhathaza xa zingaphantsi kwe-20,000 iiseli / mm³ egazini, ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze kujongwe kungafuneka kwezinye iimeko.

Ukutya kufuneka kulungelelaniswe kakuhle, kutyeke ukutya okuziinkozo, iziqhamo, imifuno kunye nenyama engenamafutha, ukunceda ekubunjweni kwegazi kunye nokubuyiselwa komzimba.

Ukufakwa kwegazi kwiPlatelet akusoloko kuyimfuneko, kuba ngenkathalo kunye nonyango, umntu unokuchacha okanye aphile kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha anganika ezinye izikhokelo xa kukho imeko zokopha, xa kunyanzelekile ukuba enze olunye uhlobo lotyando, xa iiplatelets zingaphantsi kwe-10,000 iiseli / mm³ egazini okanye xa zingaphantsi kwe-20,000 iiseli / mm³ egazini, kodwa naxa umkhuhlane okanye isidingo se-chemotherapy, umzekelo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Emva kokumisela isizathu sokuba iiplatelets ziphantsi, unyango lwakho luya kuthunyelwa, ngokweengcebiso zonyango, kwaye unokuba:

• Ukurhoxiswa kwesizathu, ezinje ngamayeza, unyango lwezifo kunye nosulelo, okanye ukunciphisa ukusela utywala, okubangela iiplatelet ezisezantsi;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecorticosteroids, i-steroids okanye i-immunosuppressants, xa kufuneka kunyangwe isifo sokuzimela;
• Ukususwa kotyando kwepeni, eyi-splenectomy, xa i-thrombocytopenia inzima kwaye ibangelwa kukwanda komsebenzi we-spleen;
• Ukucoca igazi, ekuthiwa kukutshintshiselana ngeplasma okanye iplasmapheresis, luhlobo lokuhluzwa kwenxalenye yegazi equlathe izilwa-buhlungu kunye nezinto ezonakalisa ukusebenza komzimba kunye nokuhamba kwegazi, kuboniswe kwizifo ezinjenge-thrombotic thrombocytopenic, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, umzekelo .

Kwimeko yomhlaza, unyango lwenzelwa uhlobo kunye nobukhali besi sifo, ngonyango lwechemotherapy okanye ukufakwa komongo wethambo umzekelo.