Uvavanyo lweThumba

Umxholo

• Luthini uvavanyo lwe-tumor marker?
• Zenzelwe ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwethumba?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwethumba?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga neemvavanyo zokumakisha ithumba?
• Izalathiso

Luthini uvavanyo lwe-tumor marker?

Olu vavanyo lukhangela amanqaku e-tumor, ngamanye amaxesha abizwa njengophawu lomhlaza, egazini, kumchamo, okanye kwizicubu zomzimba. Izimpawu zethumba zizinto ezenziwe ziiseli zomhlaza okanye ziiseli eziqhelekileyo ekuphenduleni kumhlaza emzimbeni. Olunye uphawu lwethumba luchaphazela uhlobo olunye lomhlaza. Abanye banokufumaneka kwiindidi ezininzi zomhlaza.

Ngenxa yokuba abamakishi be-tumor banokubonisa nakwiimeko ezithile ezingafakwanga umhlaza, iimvavanyo zokumakishwa kwethumba aziqhelekanga zisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga umhlaza okanye ukukhusela abantu abasemngciphekweni wesifo. Olu vavanyo luhlala lusenziwa kubantu esele benesifo somhlaza. Iimpawu zomzimba zinganceda ukufumanisa ukuba umhlaza wakho usasazekile, nokuba unyango lwakho luyasebenza, okanye ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile emva kokuba ulugqibile unyango.

Zenzelwe ntoni?

Uvavanyo lokumakisha luhlala luhlala lusetyenziselwa:

• Cwangcisa unyango lwakho. Ukuba amanqanaba okuphawula amathumba aya ezantsi, oko kuthetha ukuba unyango luyasebenza.
• Nceda ufumane ukuba umhlaza usasazekile kwezinye izicwili
• Nceda uqikelele isiphumo okanye ikhosi yesifo sakho
• Jonga ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile na emva kokuba uphumelele unyango
• Iscreen abantu abasemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza. Imiba yomngcipheko inokubandakanya imbali yosapho kunye nokuchongwa kwangaphambili kolunye uhlobo lomhlaza

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwethumba?

Unokufuna uvavanyo lokumakisha ukuba ngaba unyangwa umhlaza, ugqibile unyango lomhlaza, okanye unobungozi obukhulu bokufumana umhlaza ngenxa yembali yosapho okanye ezinye izizathu.

Uhlobo lovavanyo olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka kwimpilo yakho, imbali yezempilo, kunye neempawu onokuba nazo. Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokumakisha amathumba kunye nokuba zisetyenziselwa ntoni.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwethumba?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ukumakishwa kwethumba. Uvavanyo lwegazi lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lovavanyo lokumakisha ithumba. Iimvavanyo zomchamo okanye ii-biopsies zinokusetyenziselwa ukujonga amanqaku e-tumor. I-biopsy yinkqubo encinci ebandakanya ukususa iqhekeza elincinci lokwenza uvavanyo.

Ukuba ufumana uvavanyo lwegazi, Unonophelo lwempilo uyakuthatha isampulu yegazi kumthambo engalweni yakho, esebenzisa inaliti encinci. Emva kokuba inaliti ifakiwe, inani elincinci legazi liya kuqokelelwa kwityhubhu yovavanyo okanye igutyana. Unokuziva uluma kancinci xa inaliti ingena okanye iphuma. Oku kuhlala kuthatha imizuzu engaphantsi kwesihlanu.

Ukuba ufumana uvavanyo lomchamo, buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ayinikeze njani isampulu yakho.

Ukuba ufumana i-biopsy, umboneleli wezempilo uya kukhupha iqhekeza elincinci ngokucheba okanye akrwele ulusu. Ukuba umboneleli wakho ufuna ukuvavanya izicubu ngaphakathi komzimba wakho, unokusebenzisa inaliti ekhethekileyo ukurhoxisa isampulu.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Ngokwesiqhelo awudingi malungiselelo akhethekileyo kuvavanyo lwegazi okanye umchamo. Ukuba ufumana i-biopsy, unokufuna ukuzila ukutya (ungatyi okanye usele) iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kwenkqubo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga nokulungiselela uvavanyo lwakho.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Mncinci kakhulu umngcipheko wokuvavanywa kwegazi. Unokuba nentlungu encinci okanye ukrakra kwindawo apho inaliti yafakwa khona, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.

Akukho bungozi kuvavanyo lomchamo.

Ukuba une-biopsy, unokuba nokugruzuka okuncinci okanye ukopha kwindawo ye-biopsy. Unokuba ungonwabi kwisiza usuku okanye ezimbini.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo luni lovavanyo onalo kunye nendlela esetyenziswe ngayo, iziphumo zakho zinokuthi:

• Nceda ufumanise uhlobo okanye inqanaba lomhlaza wakho.
• Bonisa ukuba unyango lwakho lomhlaza luyasebenza.
• Isicwangciso sokunceda unyango lwexesha elizayo.
• Bonisa ukuba umhlaza wakho ubuyile emva kokuba ulugqibile unyango.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga neemvavanyo zokumakisha ithumba?

Iimpawu zokumakisha zinokuba luncedo kakhulu, kodwa ulwazi abalubonisayo lunokulinganiselwa kuba:

• Ezinye zeemeko ezingenamhlaza zinokubangela uphawu lwethumba.
• Abanye abantu abanomhlaza abanazimpawu zokuthoba.
• Ayizizo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza ezinophawu lwethumba.

Ke, iziphawuli zethumba zihlala zisetyenziswa kunye nolunye uvavanyo ukunceda ukufumanisa kunye nokujonga umhlaza.

Izalathiso

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2. UHinkle J, uCheever K. Brunner kunye neSuddarth's Handbook yeLebhu kunye noVavanyo lokuChonga. 2nd Ed, Kindle. IPhiladelphia: Impilo yeWolters Kluwer, uLippincott Williams kunye noWilkins; Ngowama-2014. Iimpawu zeCancer Tumor (CA 15-3 [27, 29], CA 19-9, CA-125, kunye ne-CA-50); 121 iphe.
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6. IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Amanqaku eThumba [acatshulwe ngo-2018 kuMatshi 7]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-fact-sheet#q1
7. Intliziyo kaZwelonke, iMiphunga, kunye neZiko leGazi [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Uvavanyo lwegazi [lukhankanywe ngo-2018 kuMatshi 7]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests
8. I-Oncolink [i-Intanethi]. IPhiladelphia: Iitrasti zeDyunivesithi yasePennsylvania; c2018. Isikhokelo soMonde kwiiMpawu zeThumba [ukuhlaziywa ngo-2018 kuMatshi 5; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kuMatshi 7]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.oncolink.org/cancer-treatment/procedures-diagnostic-tests/blood-tests-tumor-diagnostic-tests/patient-guide-to-tumor-markers
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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.