Angina ongazinzanga

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela i-angina engazinzanga?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-angina engazinzanga?
• Ziintoni iimpawu ze-angina ezingazinzanga?
• U-angina ongazinzanga ufumanisa njani?
• Unyango olungazinzanga luphathwa njani?
• Amayeza
• Ugqirha
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
• Ndingayikhusela njani i-angina engazinzanga?

Yintoni angina engazinzanga?

UAngina lelinye igama elithetha ngentlungu yesifuba esinxulumene nentliziyo. Unokuziva iintlungu kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho, anje ngala:

• amagxa
• intamo
• umva
• iingalo

Intlungu ibangelwa kukungoneli kwegazi kwintliziyo yakho yemisipha, ethintela intliziyo yakho ioksijini.

Zimbini iintlobo ze-angina: zizinzile kwaye azizinzanga.

I-angina ezinzileyo ivela kwangaphambili. Kwenzeka xa uzibhokoxa emzimbeni okanye uziva uxinzelelo. I-angina ezinzileyo ayihlali itshintsha rhoqo kwaye ayibi mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

I-angina engaqinisekiyo yintlungu yesifuba eyenzeka ngokuphumla okanye ngokuzimisela okanye ngoxinzelelo. Intlungu ibuhlungu ngokuhamba rhoqo kunye nobukrakra. Ukungazinzi kwe-angina kuthetha ukuba iibhlokhi kwimithambo ebonelela ngentliziyo yakho ngegazi kunye neoksijini ziye zafikelela kwinqanaba elibalulekileyo.

Ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina engazinzanga kungxamiseko kwaye kuya kufuneka ufune unyango kwangoko. Ukuba ishiywe inganyangwa, i-angina engazinzanga inokukhokelela ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo, ukusilela kwentliziyo, okanye i-arrhythmias (izingqisho zentliziyo engaqhelekanga). Ezi zinokuba zizinto ezisongela ubomi.

Yintoni ebangela i-angina engazinzanga?

Esona sizathu siphambili se-angina esingazinzanga sisifo sentliziyo esabangelwa kukuqokelelwa kwethambeka ecaleni kweendonga zemithambo yakho. Eli phecana libangela ukuba imithambo yakho icutheke ize iqine. Oku kunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwintliziyo yakho. Xa umsipha wentliziyo ungenalo igazi elaneleyo neoksijini, uva iintlungu esifubeni.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-angina engazinzanga?

Imiba yomngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo ibandakanya:

• isifo seswekile
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• Imbali yosapho yesifo sentliziyo
• igazi elonyukayo
• i-lipoprotein (LDL) ye-cholesterol ephezulu
• i-cholesterol ephezulu ye-lipoprotein (HDL)
• ukuba yindoda
• usebenzisa naluphi na uhlobo lwecuba
• ekhokelela kukuhlala phantsi

Amadoda aneminyaka engama-45 nangaphezulu kunye nabasetyhini abaneminyaka engama-55 nangaphezulu kunokwenzeka ukuba babe nama-angina angaqinisekanga.

Ziintoni iimpawu ze-angina ezingazinzanga?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-angina kukungahambi kakuhle kwesifuba okanye iintlungu. Imvakalelo inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke emntwini.

Iimpawu zeAngina zibandakanya:

• Intlungu yesifuba evakalelwa ngathi ityumza, ifana noxinzelelo, iyakhama, okanye ibukhali
• iintlungu eziphuma kwiziphelo zakho eziphezulu (zihlala kwicala lasekhohlo) okanye ngasemva
• isicaphucaphu
• ixhala
• ukubila
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• isiyezi
• Ukudinwa okungachazwanga

Kuyenzeka ukuba i-angina ezinzileyo iqhubekele phambili kwi-angina engazinzanga. Ukuba une-angina ezinzileyo, yazi nasiphi na iintlungu esifubeni oziva ngazo xa uphumle. Jonga kwakhona iintlungu zesifuba ezihlala ixesha elide kunokuba zisenza okanye eziva ngathi zahlukile kuwe. Ukuba uthatha i-nitroglycerin, iyeza elenza ukuhamba kwegazi, ukuze ufumane isiqabu ngexesha lokuhlaselwa okuzinzileyo kwe-angina, unokufumanisa ukuba iyeza alisebenzi ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwe-angina okungazinzanga.

U-angina ongazinzanga ufumanisa njani?

Ugqirha uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba olubandakanya ukujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi. Banokusebenzisa ezinye iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa i-angina engazinzanga, enje:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi, ukukhangela i-creatine kinase kunye ne-cardiac biomarkers (troponin) evuzayo kwintliziyo yakho ukuba yonakele
• i-electrocardiogram, ukubona iipateni zokubetha kwentliziyo yakho ezinokubonisa ukunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi
• i-echocardiography, ukuvelisa imifanekiso yentliziyo yakho ebonisa ubungqina beengxaki zokuhamba kwegazi
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo, ukwenza ukuba intliziyo yakho isebenze nzima kwaye i-angina ibonakale lula
• umfanekiso wekhompyutha
• I-coronary angiography kunye ne-catheterization yentliziyo, ukufunda impilo kunye nokuma kwemithambo yakho

Ngenxa yokuba i-angonografi ye-coronary inceda ugqirha wakho ukuba abone nayiphi na imithambo kunye nokuvaleka, yenye yezona mvavanyo zixhaphakileyo abazisebenzisayo ukufumanisa i-angina engazinzanga.

Unyango olungazinzanga luphathwa njani?

Unyango lwe-angina olungazinzanga luxhomekeke kubuzaza bemeko yakho.

Amayeza

Olunye lonyango lokuqala olunokucetyiswa ngugqirha kukucoca igazi, njenge-aspirin, i-heparin, okanye i-clopidogrel. Xa igazi lakho lingqindilili, linokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwimithambo yakho.

Unokusebenzisa amanye amayeza ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-angina, kubandakanya iziyobisi ezinciphisa:

• ifuthe legazi
• amanqanaba echolesterol
• ixhala
• Iimpawu zesifo

Ugqirha

Ukuba unesithintelo okanye unciphise kakhulu umthambo, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma iinkqubo ezingaphaya zokuhlasela. Oku kubandakanya i-angioplasty, apho bavula khona umthambo owawukade uvaliwe. Ugqirha wakho naye unokufaka ityhubhu encinci eyaziwa njenge-stent yokugcina umthambo wakho uvulekile.

Kwiimeko ezinzima, unokufuna ukuhlinzwa ngentliziyo. Le nkqubo ibuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi kude kumthambo ovaliweyo ukunceda ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kuye entliziyweni yakho.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba buhlungu kangakanani imeko yakho, unokufuna ukutshintsha indlela yokuphila yakho yexesha elide. Ukutshintsha indlela yokuphila enokuphucula intliziyo yakho kubandakanya:

• ukutya ukutya okusempilweni
• ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho
• ukwenza umthambo ngakumbi
• ukunciphisa umzimba ukuba utyebile
• ukuyeka ukutshaya ukuba uyatshaya ngoku

Lonke olu tshintsho lunokunciphisa amathuba akho okuhlaselwa yi-angina kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga notshintsho olufanelekileyo kwindlela ophila ngayo, kubandakanya ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.

Eyona misebenzi mihle yonyaka yokuyeka ukutshaya »

Ndingayikhusela njani i-angina engazinzanga?

Iinketho zokungakhathaleli okunganyangekiyo zibandakanya ukuthatha amanyathelo okwehlisa ubunzima, ukuyeka ukusebenzisa icuba, kunye nokwenza umthambo rhoqo. Ukusebenzela indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunokuyiphucula impilo yentliziyo yakho kwaye kunciphise umngcipheko wexesha elizayo le-angina episodes.