I-Diphtheria, iTetanus kunye ne-pertussis vaccine (DTPa)

Umxholo

• Ngubani omele athathe
• Ukugonywa xa ukhulelwe
• Indlela yokuthatha
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• Xa ungafanelekanga ukuthatha

Iyeza lokulwa i-diphtheria, isifo sokuqina kwemiphunga kunye nokukhohlela kunikwa njenge-inaliti efuna ukuba iidosi ezi-4 zikhuselwe usana, kodwa ikwaboniswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, koochwephesha abasebenza kwiikliniki nasezibhedlele nakubo bonke abakwishumi elivisayo nakubantu abadala abanonxibelelwano olusondeleyo usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa.

Eli gonyo likwabizwa ngokuba ligciwane le-acellular elichasene ne-diphtheria, isifo sokuqina kwemiphunga kunye nesikhohlela (DTPa) kwaye linokusetyenziswa engalweni okanye ethangeni, ngumongikazi okanye ngugqirha, kwiziko lempilo okanye kwiklinikhi yabucala.

Ngubani omele athathe

Iyeza libonakalisiwe kuthintelo lwe-diphtheria, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo kunye nokukhohlela kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo nakwiintsana, kodwa kufuneka lisetyenziswe kubo bonke abantwana abakwishumi elivisayo nakubantu abadala abanokuthi badibane nosana kwiintsuku ezili-15 phambi kokubeleka. Ke, eli chiza linokusetyenziselwa ootatomkhulu noomakhulu, oomalume kunye nabazala bomntwana oza kuzalwa kungekudala.

Ukugonywa kwabantu abadala abaza kuba nolwalamano olusondeleyo nosana kubalulekile kuba ukukhohlela sisifo esibi esikhokelela ekufeni, ngakumbi kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu ubudala, abasoloko bosulelwa ngabantu abasondeleyo kubo. Kubalulekile ukuba uluthathe olu gonyo kuba isikhohlela asihlali sibonisa iimpawu, yiyo loo nto umntu enokosulelwa kwaye engazi.

Ukugonywa xa ukhulelwe

Isitofu sokugonya sibonisiwe ukuba siyathathwa ngexa lokukhulelwa kuba senza umzimba womfazi uvelise izilwa-buhlungu, ze emva koko zidlulisele emntwaneni nge-placenta, ukuyikhusela. Isitofu sokugonya siyacetyiswa phakathi kweeveki ezingama-27 ukuya kwezingama-36 zokukhulelwa, nokuba owasetyhini sele enalo eli chiza kokunye ukukhulelwa, okanye elinye idosi ngaphambili.

Eli chiza lithintela ukukhula kwezifo ezinzulu, ezinje:

• IDiphtheria: ezibangela iimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumla, ukudumba kwentamo kunye notshintsho kwintliziyo;
• Ngqi: ezinokubangela ukuxhuzula kunye nokuqaqanjelwa yimisipha kunamandla kakhulu;
• Umkhuhlane ohambayo: Isikhohlela esiqatha, impumlo ebusayo kunye nokuqaqamba komzimba, kuba buhlungu kakhulu kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintandathu ubudala.

Fumana lonke ugonyo umntwana wakho ekufuneka eluthathile:

Iyeza lokugonya le-dTpa lisimahla, nanjengoko liyinxalenye yeshedyuli yesiseko sokugonya abantwana nabafazi abakhulelweyo.

Indlela yokuthatha

Iyeza lisetyenziswa ngenaliti kwezihlunu, kwaye kufuneka uthathe iidosi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Idosi yokuqala: Iinyanga ezi-2 ubudala;
• Idosi yesibini: Iinyanga ezine ubudala;
• Idosi yesithathu: Iinyanga ezintandathu ubudala;
• Ukuqinisa: kwiinyanga ezili-15; kwiminyaka emi-4 ubudala emva koko yonke iminyaka eli-10;
• Ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Idosi e-1 ukusuka kwiiveki ezingama-27 zokukhulelwa okanye ukuya kwiintsuku ezingama-20 ngaphambi kokubeleka, ekukhulelweni ngakunye;
• Iingcali zezempilo ezisebenza kwiwadi zokubeleka kunye nee-ICUs ezizelweyo nazo kufuneka zifumane idosi enye yesitofu sokunyusa rhoqo kwiminyaka eli-10.
  

Owona mmandla uqhelekileyo wokulawula isitofu kubantwana abangaphezulu konyaka omnye, sisihlunu esineengalo, kuba ukuba sifakwe ethangeni kukhokelela kubunzima bokuhamba ngenxa yeentlungu zemisipha kwaye, kwimeko ezininzi, kuloo minyaka ubudala Umntwana sele ehamba.

Eli yeza lokugonya linokuqhutywa ngexesha elinye njengezinye izitofu kwishedyuli yokugonya abantwana, nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iisirinji ezahlukileyo kunye nokukhetha indawo ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 isitofu sokugonya sinokubangela iintlungu, ukuba bomvu kunye nokwakheka kweqhuma kwindawo yenaliti. Ukongeza, umkhuhlane, ukuba nochuku kunye nokozela kungenzeka. Ukuthomalalisa ezi mpawu, umkhenkce ungasetyenziswa kwindawo yokugonya, kunye namayeza antipyretic, njengeParacetamol, ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha.

Xa ungafanelekanga ukuthatha

Eli yeza lokugonya liyaphikiswa kubantwana abane-pertussis, kwimeko yempendulo ye-anaphylactic kwiidosi zangaphambili; ukuba kuvela iimpawu komzimba immunoallergic, ezifana ukurhawuzelela, amabala abomvu esikhumbeni, ukuyilwa kwamaqhuqhuva eluswini; kunye nakwimeko yokugula kwenkqubo ye-nervous system; Umkhuhlane ophezulu; i-encephalopathy eqhubekayo okanye isifo sokuwa esingalawulekiyo.