Isifo sokufihlwa okungafunekiyo sehomoni

I-Syndrome ye-antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) yimeko apho umzimba wenza i-hormone ye-antidiuretic (ADH). Le hormone inceda izintso ukulawula ubungakanani bamanzi aphulukana nomzimba wakho ngomchamo. I-SIADH ibangela ukuba umzimba ugcine amanzi amaninzi.

I-ADH yinto eveliswa ngokwendalo kwindawo yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yihypothalamus. Emva koko ikhutshwa yi-pituitary gland kwisiseko sobuchopho.

Zininzi izizathu zokuba kutheni umzimba kufuneka wenze i-ADH eninzi. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo xa i-ADH ikhutshwa egazini xa ingafanele kuveliswa (engafanelekanga) ibandakanya:

• Amayeza, afana nohlobo oluthile lweziyobisi zeswekile, amayeza okuthimba, iziyobisi, uxinzelelo lwentliziyo kunye neziyobisi, umhlaza iziyobisi,
• Utyando phantsi kweanesthesia ngokubanzi
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, njengokulimala, usulelo, ukubetha
• Utyando lobuchopho kwingingqi yehypothalamus
• Isifo semiphunga, esifana nenyumoniya, isifo sephepha, umhlaza, izifo ezinganyangekiyo

Unobangela oqhelekileyo uquka:

• Izifo ezinqabileyo zehypothalamus okanye i-pituitary
• Umhlaza wemiphunga, amathumbu amancinci, injeke, ingqondo, ileukemia
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Nge-SIADH, umchamo ugxile kakhulu. Akukho manzi aneleyo akhutshiweyo kwaye kukho amanzi amaninzi egazini. Oku kunciphisa izinto ezininzi egazini ezifana nesodiyam. Inqanaba eliphantsi legazi le-sodium yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yeempawu ze-ADH eninzi.

Rhoqo, akukho zimpawu zivela kwinqanaba le-sodium ephantsi.

Xa iimpawu zenzeka, zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iingxaki ngokulinganisela ezinokubangela ukuwa
• Utshintsho lwengqondo, olunjengokudideka, iingxaki zememori, isimilo esingaqhelekanga
• Ukuxhuzula okanye isiqaqa, kwiimeko ezinzima

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba ukunceda ukufumanisa unobangela weempawu zakho.

Uvavanyo lweLebhu olunokuqinisekisa kwaye luncede ekuchongeni i-sodium ephantsi kubandakanya:

• Iphaneli yemetabolism ebanzi (kubandakanya igazi lesodium)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-Osmolality
• Umchamo osmolality
• Umchamo wesodiyam
• Izikrini zetyhefu yamayeza athile
• Unokufuna izifundo zokucinga ezenzelwe imiphunga emincinci kunye nengqondo yemiphunga kunye novavanyo lokucinga ngengqondo kubantwana ekurhanelwa ukuba bane-SIADH

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sengxaki. Umzekelo, kwenziwa utyando ukususa ithumba evelisa i-ADH. Okanye, ukuba iyeza lingunobangela, idosi yalo inokutshintshwa okanye kungenziwa elinye iyeza.

Kuzo zonke iimeko, inyathelo lokuqala kukunciphisa umda wokungena kwamanzi. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ulwelo olugqithisileyo ekwakheni emzimbeni. Umboneleli wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungakanani umthamo wakho wefluji yemihla ngemihla.

Amayeza anokufuneka ukuvimba iziphumo ze-ADH kwizintso ukuze amanzi agqithisileyo akhutshwe zizintso. La mayeza anokunikwa njengeepilisi okanye njengezitofu ezinikwe emithanjeni.

Iziphumo zixhomekeke kwimeko ebangela ingxaki. Isodiyam ephantsi eyenzeka ngokukhawuleza, kwiiyure ezingaphantsi kwe-48 (i-hyponatremia ebukhali), iyingozi kune-sodium ephantsi ekhula kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Xa inqanaba lesodiyam liwa kancinci ngaphezulu kweentsuku okanye iiveki (i-hyponatremia engapheliyo), iiseli zengqondo zinexesha lokuhlengahlengisa kwaye iimpawu ezibi ezifana nokudumba kwengqondo azenzeki. I-hyponatremia engapheliyo inxulunyaniswa neengxaki zenkqubo yeemvakalelo ezinje ngebhalansi engalunganga kunye nememori engalunganga. Uninzi lwezinto ezibangela i-SIADH zibuyiselwe umva.

Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-sodium ephantsi ingakhokelela ku:

• Ukwehla kwengqondo, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo okanye isiqaqa
• Ubungqina beBongo
• Ukufa

Xa inqanaba lesodium lomzimba wakho lihla kakhulu, kunokuba sisisongelo sobomi. Fowunela umboneleli wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba unempawu zalo mqathango.

ISIADH; Imfihlo engalunganga yehomoni ye-antidiuretic; Isifo sokukhutshwa kwe-ADH engafanelekanga; Isifo se-antidiuresis esingafanelekanga

UHannon MJ, uThompson CJ. IVasopressin, isifo seswekile i-insipidus, kunye nesifo se-antidiuresis esingafanelekanga. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahl 18.

I-Verbalis JG. Ukuphazamiseka kokulinganisela kwamanzi. Ku: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, ii-eds. Brenner kunye noMphathi weZintso. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 16.