Izizathu ezili-11 zokuba buthathaka emlenzeni ngokukhawuleza

Umxholo

• 1. Idiski esikiweyo
• 2. Stroke
• 3. Isifo sikaGuillain-Barré
• 4. Isifo semithambo (Multiple sclerosis)
• 5. Intsimbi ethambileyo
• 6. I-peripheral neuropathy
• 7. Isifo sikaParkinson
• 8. IMyasthenia gravis
• 9. Isilonda somqolo okanye ithumba
• 10. IALS
• 11. Ityhefu
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Umgca wezantsi

Ubuthathaka emlenzeni ngesiquphe unokuba luphawu lwengxaki ebalulekileyo yezempilo kwaye kufuneka kuvavanywe ngugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, inokubonisa imeko yonyango efuna ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo.

Apha siza kuxoxa ngezizathu ezili-11 eziqhelekileyo zokuba buthathaka emlenzeni kunye nezinye iimpawu ofuna ukuzazi.

1. Idiski esikiweyo

Idiski etyibilikayo yenzeka xa into ene-gelatin engaphakathi kwiidiski ezithi zikhuphe i-vertebrae yakho ikhuphe iinyembezi ngaphakathi, ibangele iintlungu. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala okanye utshintsho olunxulumene nobudala kumqolo.

Ukuba idiski etyibilikileyo icinezela imithambo-luvo ekufutshane, inokubangela iintlungu kunye nokundindisholo kwithambo kwithambo elichaphazelekayo, uhlala uhla ngomlenze wakho.

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• intlungu eziba mandundu xa umile okanye uhleli
• ukurhawuzelela okanye ukutshisa kwindawo echaphazelekayo

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba intamo okanye iintlungu zomqolo zisiya ezantsi engalweni okanye emlenzeni okanye unamava obundindisholo, ukubetha, okanye ubuthathaka. Unyango olulondolozayo, kubandakanya ukuphumla okulandelwa lunyango lomzimba, kuhlala kunciphisa iimpawu kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

2. Stroke

Ukubetha kwenzeka xa ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwingqondo yakho kunqunyulwa ngenxa yokuvaleka, okanye isitya segazi kwingqondo kuqhuma. Ingabangela ukuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza okanye ubuthathaka ebusweni, kwiingalo, okanye emilenzeni.

Ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zestroke zibandakanya:

• ukudideka ngequbuliso
• kunzima ukuthetha
• ngequbuliso, intloko ebuhlungu
• ukujinga kwelinye icala lobuso okanye uncumo olungalinganiyo

Ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu unesifo sokubetha, biza u-911 ngokukhawuleza. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile ukuze uphinde uchache kwistroke. Unyango lwakwangoko lunokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zexesha elide.

3. Isifo sikaGuillain-Barré

Isifo seGuillain-Barré sisifo esingaqhelekanga somzimba apho amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela imithambo-luvo yakho, ebangela ukurhawuzelela kunye nobuthathaka obuhlala buqala ezinyaweni nasemilenzeni. Ubuthathaka bunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye ekugqibeleni buwukhubaze umzimba wonke ukuba awunyangwa kwangoko.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ukuhlaba okanye izikhonkwane kunye neinaliti zokuva izihlahla zakho, iminwe, amaqatha neenzwane
• iintlungu eziqatha eziba mandundu ebusuku
• ubunzima ngokuhamba kwamehlo okanye kobuso
• iingxaki zokulawula isinyi sakho okanye amathumbu

Isizathu sale meko asaziwa, kodwa sihlala sisenziwa sisifo, esifana nesifo somkhuhlane okanye usulelo lokuphefumla.

Yiya kwagqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu. Akukho lunyango, kodwa lukhona unyango olunokuthi lunciphise iimpawu kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokugula.

4. Isifo semithambo (Multiple sclerosis)

I-Multiple sclerosis (MS) sisifo esizimela kwinkqubo yovalo. Kwi-MS, amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela i-myelin, yona isikhuseli esingqonge imithambo-luvo yakho. Kuhlala kufunyaniswa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50.

I-MS inokubangela uluhlu olubanzi lweempawu ezohluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Ukuba ndindisholo nokudinwa zezona mpawu ziqhelekileyo. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• Ukuxhamla kwemisipha
• ubunzima bokuhamba
• ukungcangcazela
• iintlungu ezibuhlungu kunye ezingapheliyo
• Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo

I-MS yimeko yobomi bakho bonke enokuthi ibandakanye amaxesha okubuyela umva kweempawu ezilandelwa ngamaxesha oxolelo, okanye inokuba yinkqubela phambili.

Unyango lwe-MS, kubandakanya amayeza kunye nonyango lomzimba, lunokukunceda uphinde ubenamandla emilenzeni kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

5. Intsimbi ethambileyo

I-Sciatica, ebangelwa yintsimbi ecinyiweyo kumqolo ongezantsi, yintlungu ephuma kwi-nerve ye-sciatic, ephuma kumqolo wakho osezantsi ngokusebenzisa iinqumlo zakho kunye neempundu kunye nemilenze. Ihlala ichaphazela elinye icala lomzimba wakho.

I-Sciatica inokubakho ukusuka ekuqaqambeni okungathethekiyo ukuya kwiintlungu ezivuthayo, kunye nokuhlala ixesha elide okanye ukuthimla. Unokufumana ukuba ndindisholo komlenze kunye nokuba buthathaka.

I-sciatica emnene ihlala ihamba ngokuphumla kunye namanyathelo okuzikhathalela, njengokuzolula. Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba iintlungu zihlala ixesha elide kuneveki okanye zibukhali.

Fumana ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo ukuba uva ngequbuliso, iintlungu eziqatha kumqolo wakho osezantsi okanye emlenzeni ehamba nobuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukuba ndindisholo, okanye ingxaki yokulawula isinyi okanye amathumbu akho, ongumqondiso we-cauda equina syndrome.

6. I-peripheral neuropathy

I-peripheral neuropathy ngumonakalo wemithambo-luvo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomzimba wakho, edibanisa imithambo-luvo esuka kwinkqubo ye-nervous system yakho ukuya kuwo wonke umzimba wakho.

Ingabangelwa kukulimala, usulelo, kunye neemeko ezininzi, kubandakanya isifo seswekile (isifo seswekile seswekile) kunye ne-hypothyroidism.

Iimpawu zihlala ziqala ngokuba ndindisholo okanye ukubetha ezandleni nasezinyaweni, kodwa zinokusasazeka ziye kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ubuthathaka
• iintlungu eziba mandundu ebusuku
• Ukutshisa okanye ukubanda
• ukudubula okanye iintlungu ezifana nombane
• ubunzima bokuhamba

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu somonakalo wemithambo-luvo kwaye lunokuqala ngokunyanga imeko engaphantsi. Amayeza amiselweyo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ziyafumaneka.

7. Isifo sikaParkinson

Isifo sika-Parkinson sisifo se-neurodegenerative esichaphazela indawo yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-substantia nigra.

Iimpawu zale meko zikhula kancinci kule minyaka idlulileyo. Iingxaki zentshukumo zihlala ziyimpawu zokuqala. Ezinye iimpawu zesifo sikaParkinson zibandakanya:

• umbhalo omncinci okanye ezinye iinguqulelo zokubhala
• Ukuhamba kancinci (bradykinesia)
• ukuqina kwamalungu
• iingxaki ngokulinganisela okanye ukuhamba
• ukungcangcazela
• Ilizwi liyatshintsha

Unyango kwisifo sikaParkinson kubandakanya indibaniselwano yotshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, amayeza, kunye nonyango. Amayeza kunye nonyango lomzimba lunokunceda ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwemisipha okubangelwa sisifo sikaParkinson.

8. IMyasthenia gravis

I-Myasthenia gravis (MG) sisifo se-neuromuscular disorder esibangela ubuthathaka kwimisipha yakho yokuzithandela. Inokuchaphazela abantu nabuphi na ubudala, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 kunye namadoda amadala kunama-60.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ubuthathaka bemisipha kwiingalo, izandla, imilenze, okanye iinyawo
• ukuxhoma iinkophe
• umbono kabini
• unengxaki yokuthetha
• ubunzima bokuginya okanye ukuhlafuna

Akukho lonyango lwe-MG, kodwa unyango kwangoko lunokunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo kwaye luncede ekuphuculeni ubuthathaka bemisipha. Unyango luyindibaniselwano yotshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, amayeza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha notyando.

9. Isilonda somqolo okanye ithumba

Isilonda somgogodla okanye ithumba kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwezihlunu ngaphakathi okanye zijikeleze intambo yomqolo okanye ikholamu. Izilonda zomqolo zinokuba ngumhlaza okanye zingabinamhlaza, kwaye zivela kumqolo okanye kumqolo womqolo okanye zisasazeke apho zisuka kwenye indawo.

Umqolo obuhlungu, obubi ngakumbi ebusuku okanye ukwanda ngomsebenzi, lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Ukuba i-tumor icinezela kwi-nerve, inokubangela ukuba buthathaka okanye ubuthathaka kwiingalo, emilenzeni, okanye esifubeni.

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nendawo yesilonda okanye ithumba, nokuba ingaba ngumhlaza okanye awunomdlavuza. Utyando lokususa ithumba, okanye unyango lwemitha okanye ichemotherapy yokunciphisa ithumba, zihlala zisombulula ubuthathaka emlenzeni.

10. IALS

I-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) ikwabizwa ngokuba sisifo sikaLou Gehrig. Sisifo esiqhubayo semithambo-luvo esonakalisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo kwaye sihlala siqala ngokuxhuzula kwezihlunu kunye nobuthathaka emilenzeni.

Ezinye iimpawu zokuqala zibandakanya:

• ubunzima bokuhamba okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla
• ingxaki yokuginya
• intetho engacacanga
• ubunzima bokuphakamisa intloko

Okwangoku alukho unyango lwe-ALS, kodwa unyango lukhona olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye neengxaki kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.

11. Ityhefu

I-neuropathy enetyhefu yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo obangelwa zizinto ezinetyhefu, ezinje ngeekhemikhali zokucoca, ukubulala izinambuzane kunye nokubulala izitshabalalisi, kunye nelothe. Ukusela kakhulu utywala nako kunokubangela oko. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-alcohol alcohol.

Ichaphazela imithambo yeengalo zakho kunye nezandla okanye imilenze kunye neenyawo, ebangela iintlungu zemithambo-luvo, ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukurhawuzelela, kunye nobuthathaka obunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokuhamba.

Unyango lubandakanya amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu zemithambo-luvo kunye nokuthintela ukuvezwa kwityhefu.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ubuthathaka emlenzeni kufuneka buhlale buvavanywa ngugqirha njengoko kunokubangelwa yimeko enzulu efuna unyango.

Fumana unyango olungxamisekileyo ukuba:

• Ubuthathaka bakho buhamba kunye neentlungu ezenzekileyo ngesiquphe nasemqolo okanye emlenzeni.
• Ufumana ilahleko yesinyi okanye ulawulo lwamathumbu.
• Wena okanye omnye umntu ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zesilumkiso.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukuba buthathaka emlenzeni ngesiquphe kunokuba luphawu lomba onzima kwezonyango, njenge-stroke. Intloko kwigumbi elingxamisekileyo elikufutshane okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-911 ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni.

Ezinye iimeko zinokubangela ubuthathaka emlenzeni okanye ukuhamba nzima. Yiya kugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana ubuthathaka emlenzeni, ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukubetha, okanye utshintshe indlela ohamba ngayo.