Yonke into okufuneka uyazi malunga ne-LASIK yoTyando lwamehlo

Umxholo

• Yintoni utyando lweliso lweLASIK?
• Ithini imbali yotyando lwamehlo e-LASIK?
• Uyilungiselela njani iLASIK?
• Ngubani ofanelekileyo kwi-LASIK (kwaye ngubani ongafanelekanga)?
• Kunjani ukuchacha emva kotyando lweliso lwe-LASIK?
• Uphengululo lwe

Kuphantse amashumi amabini eminyaka ukusukela oko uLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) lwamkele utyando lwamehlo lwe-LASIK. Ukusukela ngoko, phantse abantu abazizigidi ezili-10 basebenzise ithuba lotyando lokuqaqambisa umbono. Sekunjalo, abanye abaninzi boyika ukungena phantsi kwemela-kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zenkqubo yezigulane ezingalaliswanga.

"I-LASIK luqhaqho oluchanekileyo. Ndaye ndazenza phantse kwiminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo, kwaye ndenze utyando kumalungu osapho amaninzi, kubandakanya nomntakwethu," utshilo uKarl Stonecipher, MD, ongumlingane weklinikhi kwi-ophthalmology kwiYunivesithi yaseNorth Carolina kunye nonyango. umlawuli we-TLC Laser Eye Centres eGreensboro, NC.

Ingabonakala ngathi yi-godsend, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ubeke oontanga bakho kule nkqubo, funda esi sikhokelo sokuvula amehlo kwi-LASIK.

Yintoni utyando lweliso lweLASIK?

Ngaba udikwe kukuxhomekeka kwiiglasi okanye kunxibelelwano ukuze ubone ngokukhawuleza? (Okanye awufuni kukhathazeka malunga nokuqhagamshelwa unamathele kwiliso lakho kangangeminyaka engama-28?)

"I-LASIK, okanye 'i-laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis,' yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo eyenziwa utyando lwe-laser ukunyanga ukubona kufutshane, ukubona kude, kunye ne-astigmatism," kusho uSamuel D. Pierce, OD, umongameli wangoku we-American Optometric Association (AOA) kunye ugqirha osebenza ngamehlo e-Trussville, AL. Emva kotyando, uninzi lwabantu olufumene utyando lwamehlo lwe-LASIK luhlala kumbono we-20/40 (inqanaba lamazwe amaninzi lifuna ukuqhuba ngaphandle kweelensi zokulungisa) okanye ngcono, utshilo.

Utyando lwamehlo lwe-LASIK yinkqubo enamacandelo amabini, utshilo uGqirha Stonecipher.

1. Ugqirha usika i-flap encinci kwindawo ephezulu ye-cornea (isigqubuthelo esicacileyo esiphambi kweliso esigoba ukukhanya xa singena esweni).

2. Ugqirha wotyando ulungisa kwakhona i-cornea ngelaser (ukuze ukukhanya okungena kwiliso kugxilwe ngokuchanekileyo kwi-retina ngombono ochanekileyo).

   
   

Ngelixa unokuba kwindawo yokusebenza kangangeyure okanye ngaphezulu, uya kuba kuphela kwitafile yokusebenza imizuzu eli-15, utshilo uGqirha Pierce. "I-LASIK yenziwa nge-anesthetic ye-topical kwaye oogqirha abaninzi baya kunika i-agent yomlomo ukukhulula isigulane." (Intsingiselo, ewe uvukile, kodwa awuyi kuva nakuphi na oku kusikwa kunye ne-lasering.)

Ii-lasers ezisetyenziswe kwi-LASIK zinobunkunkqele ngokumangalisayo, kwaye zisebenzisa itekhnoloji efanayo yokulandela umkhondo esetyenziswa yi-NASA ukumisa isikhululo esikwiSitishi saMazwe ngaMazwe, utshilo u-Eric Donnenfeld, MD, uprofesa wezonyango kwiYunivesithi yaseNew York kunye neqabane elisekwe kwiiOphthalmic Consultants zaseLong Island IsiXeko saseGadi, NY.

"Ubuchwephesha obuphezulu bukhusela izigulane ezingozini kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ihamba ngokwesicwangciso," kusho uDkt Donnenfeld. Akukho tyando lusebenza ngeepesenti ezili-100, kodwa uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-95 ukuya kuma-98.8 eepesenti zezigulana ziyavuya ziziphumo.

"Izigulana ezintandathu ukuya kwezili-10 zezigulana zinokufuna inkqubo eyongezelelweyo, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba sisongezo. Izigulana ezilindele umbono ogqibeleleyo ngaphandle kweiglasi okanye abafowunelwa banokudana," utshilo uGqirha Pierce. (PS Ngaba ubusazi ukuba unokutya impilo engcono yamehlo?)

Ithini imbali yotyando lwamehlo e-LASIK?

U-Inna Ozerov, MD, ugqirha wamehlo e-Miami Eye Institute eHollywood, e-FL, uthi:

Nje ukuba iKremer Excimer Laser yaziswa ngo-1988 njengesixhobo seenjongo zebhayoloji (hayi iikhompyuter kuphela), inkqubela phambili yotyando lwamehlo yakhula ngokukhawuleza. Ilungelo lobunikazi lokuqala le-LASIK lanikezelwa ngo-1989. Kwaye ngo-1994, oogqirha abaninzi babesenza i-LASIK "njengenkqubo ye-off-label," ngokukaGqirha Stonecipher, okanye besenza inkqubo phambi kokuvunywa ngokusesikweni.

"Ngo-2001, 'i-bladeless' i-LASIK okanye i-IntraLase yavunywa. Kule nkqubo, i-laser ekhawulezayo yombane isetyenziselwa indawo ye-microblade ukudala i-flap, "kusho uDkt Ozerov. Ngelixa i-LASIK yendabuko ikhawuleza kancinci, i-LASIK engenabubi ngokubanzi ivelisa i-corneal flaps engqinelanayo. Kukho okuhle kunye nokubi kubo bobabini, kwaye oogqirha bakhetha eyona ndlela ilungileyo kwisigulana-ngesigulana.

Uyilungiselela njani iLASIK?

Okokuqala, lungisa isipaji sakho: Ixabiso eliphakathi le-LASIK e-US ngo-2017 yayiyi- $ 2,088 ngeliso ngalinye, ngokwengxelo ye All About Vision. Emva koko, fumana intlalo kwaye uhlolwe.

"Thetha nodokotela wakho wamehlo kwaye uthethe nabahlobo bakho. Izigidi zabantu ziye zaba ne-LASIK, ngoko unokuva amava abo, "kusho uLouis Probst, MD, umlawuli wezonyango kazwelonke kunye nogqirha we-TLC Laser Eye Centres ngaphesheya kweMidwest. "Musa nje ukuya kwiziko le-laser elingabizi kakhulu. Uneseti enye kuphela yamehlo, ngoko yenza uphando lwakho malunga namaziko angcono kunye noogqirha abagqwesileyo."

UGqr. Pierce uphinda la mazwi: "Izigulana kufuneka zibalumkele abo bathembisa okanye baqinisekisa ngesiphumo esigqibeleleyo okanye abo banikezela ngamaxabiso eengxoxo ngeengxoxo ezincinci okanye ezingabalulekanga malunga nokhathalelo olulandelayo okanye iziphumo ezinokubakho."

Ukuba ufika kugqirha kwaye uthathe isigqibo sokuya phambili, ukuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuze ubone ukuba unaso na isizathu sokweqa i-LASIK, utshilo uGqirha Stonecipher.

"Ngoku sisebenzisa itekhnoloji yokufunda nzulu kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kwi-ophthalmology ukuze sikhuseleke ngcono kwimiba ye-ocular enokuvelisa iziphumo ezikumgangatho ophantsi ngokulungiswa kombono we-laser-kwaye sibone iziphumo ezimangalisayo," uqhubeka.

Ngobusuku obungaphambi kotyando, jolise ekufumaneni ubusuku obuhle bokulala kwaye ugweme utywala okanye nawaphi na amayeza anokomisa amehlo akho. Ugqirha wakho kufuneka achaze ukuba kwaye ufuna njani na ukusebenzisa amayeza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwelensi yokunxibelelana ekhokelela kwi-LASIK. (Idibeneyo: Into ekufuneka uyazi ngeDigital Eye Strain)

Ngubani ofanelekileyo kwi-LASIK (kwaye ngubani ongafanelekanga)?

"Abaviwa be-LASIK kufuneka babe neliso eliphilileyo kunye nobukhulu obuqhelekileyo be-cornea kunye ne-scans," kusho uDkt Probst. Olu tyando lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kubantu abaninzi abane-myopia [ukubona kufutshane], i-astigmatism [igophe elingaqhelekanga kwiliso], kunye ne-hyperopia [ukubona kude], utshilo. "Malunga neepesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abagqatswa abafanelekileyo."

Ukuba bekufuneka ufumane abafowunelwa abanamandla okanye iindondo rhoqo ngonyaka, kungafuneka ulinde: Umyalelo wakho kufuneka uhlale uqinile iminyaka emibini ubuncinci phambi kwe-LASIK, wongeza uGqr. Donnenfeld.

Unokufuna ukunqanda utyando lwamehlo lwe-LASIK ukuba unembali yayo nayiphi na kwezi meko, ngokukaGqr. UOzerov kunye noDonnenfeld:

• Usulelo lwe-Corneal
• Amanxeba eCorneal
• Ukumodareyitha ukujonga ngamehlo abukhali
• I-Keratoconus (isifo esibelekweni esibangela ukuhla kwe-corneal)
• Ezinye izifo ezizimele (ezifana ne-lupus okanye i-rheumatoid arthritis)

"I-AOA incoma ukuba abaviwa be-LASIK babe neminyaka eyi-18 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu, kwimpilo enhle jikelele, kunye nombono ozinzile, kwaye akukho kuphazamiseka kwe-cornea okanye iliso langaphandle," kusho uDkt Pierce. "Izigulane ezinomdla kuzo naziphi na iinguqu ze-corneal kufuneka ziqale zibe noviwo olubanzi lwamehlo ngugqirha we-optometry ukuvavanya impilo yamehlo abo kunye nokugqiba iimfuno zabo zombono." (Yo, ubusazi ukuba kufuneka usebenzise amehlo akho nawo?)

Kunjani ukuchacha emva kotyando lweliso lwe-LASIK?

UKUPHILA kwe-LASIK ngokukhawuleza kuyamangalisa, utshilo uGqirha Probst. "Ukhululekile kwaye ubona kakuhle kwiiyure nje ezine emva kwenkqubo. Kufuneka uqaphele ngamehlo akho iveki enye ukuze aphile kakuhle."

Ngelixa ukungonwabi kuyinto eqhelekileyo ngexesha leyure ezingama-24 zokuqala (ubukhulu becala ngexesha lokuqala kwe-LASIK), inokuhlala ilawulwa ngaphezulu kokuthomalalisa iintlungu, utshilo uGqirha Donnenfeld. Kwaye, ukumiselwa kwethambiso wamehlo okumiselweyo kunokunceda ukugcina amehlo akho ekhululekile, ukuthintela usulelo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukunyanga. Cwangcisa ukuthatha usuku lotyando lwakho kunye nasemva kokuphumla.

Utyando kufuna ukulandelelana nogqirha wakho malunga neeyure ezingama-24 emva kwenkqubo. Emva koko, uya kufumana ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo yemihla ngemihla. Uya kucwangcisa utyelelo olulandelayo emva kweveki enye, inyanga enye, iinyanga ezintathu, iinyanga ezintandathu, kunye nonyaka omnye emva kotyando.

"Emva kosuku lokuqala okanye kunjalo, izigulane zinokuba nemiphumo yesikhashana yesikhashana njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokuphilisa, kuquka i-halos ejikeleze amehlo akho ebusuku, ukukrazula kwamehlo, iinkophe ezikhukhumeleyo, kunye nokukhathazeka ekukhanyeni. Oku kufuneka kunciphe phakathi kweveki, kodwa ixesha lokuphilisa linokuhlala kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu, apho izigulane zineeqendu ezimbalwa zokulandelela ukuze ugqirha wabo abeke iliso kwinkqubela yabo, "kusho uDkt Donnenfeld.

Usenokuva malunga nesiphumo esinqabileyo nesoyikisayo sotyando lwamehlo lwe-LASIK, njengaxa u-Detroit meteorologist oneminyaka engama-35 ubudala u-Jessica Starr wasweleka ngokuzibulala ngelixa esachacha kwinkqubo. Wayene-LASIK kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo kwaye wavuma ukuba "unzima kancinci" emva koko. Ukuzibulala kuka-Starr akukuphela kwayo okuye kwabuzwa njengempendulo enokwenzeka ye-LASIK; Nangona kunjalo, akucaci gca ukuba kutheni okanye ukuba i-LASIK idlale indima kuyo nayiphi na kwaba bantu baswelekileyo. Ukulwa nobunzima okanye iingxaki zombono emva kwenkqubo (okanye nayiphi na inkqubo engenayo, ngenxa yaloo nto) inokuba yinto engathandekiyo. Uninzi loogqirha balatha kwinani elikhulu leenkqubo eziphumelelayo njengesizathu sokungakhathazeki nangayiphi na kwezi meko zodwa nezimangalisayo.

"Ukuzibulala yingxaki enzima yempilo yengqondo, kwaye ukuba amajelo eendaba adibanise ngokuthe ngqo i-LASIK ekuzibulaleni akunaxanduva, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo kuyingozi," kusho uDkt Ozerov. "Abaguli kufuneka bazive bekhululekile ukubuyela kugqirha wabo ukuba bafumana ubunzima ekubuyiseni kwabo. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwezigulana ziya kuchacha kwaye ziya kuba nesiphumo esiphumelelayo."

Uphengululo lwe