Yintoni i-Hematologist?

Umxholo

• Zeziphi iintlobo zovavanyo ezenziwa ziihematologists?
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Ixesha leprothrombin (PT)
• Ixesha le-thromboplastin (PTT)
• Umlinganiso oqhelekileyo kwilizwe jikelele (INR)
• Umongo wethambo
• Zeziphi ezinye iinkqubo ezenziwa ziihematologists?
• Loluphi uhlobo loqeqesho i-hematologist enalo?
• Ithetha ntoni into yokuba i-hematologist yibhodi eqinisekisiweyo?
• Umgca wezantsi

I-hematologist ngugqirha ogxile kuphando, ukufumanisa isifo, ukunyanga, kunye nokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kunye nokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo ye-lymphatic (i-lymph node kunye neenqanawa).

Ukuba ugqirha wakho wokunyamekela ucebise ukuba ubone i-hematologist, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba usemngciphekweni kwimeko ebandakanya iiseli ezibomvu okanye ezimhlophe zegazi, iiplatelets, imithana yegazi, umongo wethambo, i-lymph nodes, okanye i-spleen. Ezinye zeemeko zezi:

• haemophilia, isifo esithintela igazi lakho ekunqandeni
• ispsis, usulelo egazini
• leukemia, umhlaza ochaphazela iiseli zegazi
• lymphoma,umhlaza ochaphazela ii-lymph node kunye neenqanawa
• irhengqa legazi, isifo esithintela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ukuba zihambe ngokukhululeka kwinkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi
• thalassemia, imeko apho umzimba wakho ungenzi ngokwaneleyo ihemoglobin
• ianemia, imeko apho kungekho zisele zibomvu zegazi emzimbeni wakho
• i-vein thrombosis enzulu, imeko apho amahlwili egazi abumba ngaphakathi kwemithambo yakho

Ukuba ufuna ukufunda ngakumbi ngezi ngxaki kunye nezinye iimeko zegazi, unokufumana ngakumbi ngeewebhu ezenziwa yi (CDC).

Umbutho waseMelika weHematology unokuqhagamshela kunye namaqela enkxaso, izixhobo kunye nolwazi olunzulu malunga nokuphazamiseka kwegazi okuthile.

Zeziphi iintlobo zovavanyo ezenziwa ziihematologists?

Ukufumanisa okanye ukubeka esweni ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, ii-hematologists zihlala zisebenzisa ezi mvavanyo:

Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)

I-CBC ibala iiseli zakho ezibomvu nezimhlophe zegazi, ihemoglobin (iproteni yegazi), iiplatelets (iiseli ezincinci ezidibana zenze ihlwili legazi), kunye nehematocrit (umlinganiso weeseli zegazi ukuya kulwelo lwegazi egazini lakho).

Ixesha leprothrombin (PT)

Olu vavanyo luthatha ukuba lithatha ixesha elingakanani igazi lakho ukuba lijiye. Isibindi sakho sivelisa iprotein ebizwa ngokuba yiprothrombin enceda ukwenza amahlwili. Ukuba uthatha igazi elincinci okanye ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unokuba nengxaki yesibindi, uvavanyo lwe-PT lunokunceda ukubeka esweni okanye ukufumanisa imeko yakho.

Ixesha le-thromboplastin (PTT)

Njengoluvavanyo lweprothrombin, i-PTT ilinganisa ukuba lithatha ixesha elingakanani igazi lakho ukugquma. Ukuba unengxaki yokuphuma kwegazi naphi na emzimbeni wakho - ukuphuma kweempumlo, amaxesha anzima, umchamo wepinki - okanye ukuba utyumza ngokulula, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa i-PTT ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kubangela ingxaki.

Umlinganiso oqhelekileyo kwilizwe jikelele (INR)

Ukuba uthatha igazi elincinci njenge-warfarin, ugqirha wakho unokuthelekisa iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lokunqanda igazi kunye neziphumo ezivela kwezinye iilebhu ukuze uqiniseke ukuba iyeza lisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba isibindi sakho siphilile. Olu balo lubizwa ngokuba ngumlinganiso oqhelekileyo kwilizwe jikelele (INR).

Ezinye izixhobo zasekhaya ezitsha zivumela abaguli ukuba benze uvavanyo lwabo lwe-INR ekhaya, olubonakalisiweyo kwizigulana ekufuneka zilinganise isantya sokuvala igazi.

Umongo wethambo

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba awenzi ngokwaneleyo iiseli zegazi, unokufuna umongo wethambo. Ingcali iya kusebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthatha umongo wethambo (into ethambileyo ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho) ukuba ihlahlelwe phantsi kwemicroscope.

Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa i-anesthetic yendawo ukuphazamisa indawo ngaphambi kokuba i-boneops yomongo wethambo. Uyakuphaphama ngexesha lale nkqubo kuba iyakhawuleza.

Zeziphi ezinye iinkqubo ezenziwa ziihematologists?

I-Hematologists ibandakanyeka kuninzi lwezonyango, unyango kunye neenkqubo ezinxulumene negazi kunye nomongo wethambo. Iingcali zeHematologists zenza:

• unyango lwe-ablation (iinkqubo apho izicubu ezingaqhelekanga zinokupheliswa kusetyenziswa ubushushu, ukubanda, ii-lasers, okanye imichiza)
• utofelo-gazi
• Ukufakelwa komongo wethambo kunye neminikelo yeseli yeziqu
• unyango lomhlaza, kubandakanya ichemotherapy kunye nonyango
• unyango lwezinto zokukhula
• Unyango lokuzikhusela

Ngenxa yokuba ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kunokuchaphazela phantse nayiphi na indawo yomzimba, i-hematologists zihlala zisebenzisana nezinye iingcali zonyango, ngakumbi i-internists, i-pathologists, i-radiologists, kunye ne-oncologists.

Ihematologists inyanga abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Banokusebenza ezibhedlele, kwiiklinikhi, okanye kuseto lwelabhoratri.

Loluphi uhlobo loqeqesho i-hematologist enalo?

Inyathelo lokuqala lokuba yi-hematologist kukugqiba iminyaka emine yesikolo sezonyango, kulandele iminyaka emibini yokuhlala ukuze uqeqeshe kwindawo ekhethekileyo njengonyango lwangaphakathi.

Emva kokuhlala, oogqirha abafuna ukuba ziihematologists bagqibezela ubudlelwane beminyaka emibini ukuya kwemine, apho bafunda khona ubuchwephesha njenge-hematology yabantwana.

Ithetha ntoni into yokuba i-hematologist yibhodi eqinisekisiweyo?

Ukufumana isatifikethi sebhodi kwi-hematology evela kwiBhodi yaseMelika yoNyango lwaNgaphakathi, oogqirha kufuneka kuqala babe yibhodi eqinisekisiweyo kunyango lwangaphakathi. Emva koko baya kudlula kuvavanyo lweSatifikethi seHematology seyure ezili-10.

Umgca wezantsi

I-Hematologists ngoogqirha abagxile kwigazi, kwizitho zokwenza igazi, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwegazi.

Ukuba uthunyelwe kwi-hematologist, mhlawumbi uya kufuna iimvavanyo zegazi ukufumanisa ukuba ingxaki yegazi ibangela iimpawu ozifumanayo. Olona vavanyo luqhelekileyo lubala iiseli zakho zegazi, ulinganise ii-enzymes kunye neeproteni ezisegazini lakho, kwaye ujonge ukuba igazi lakho liyajiya ngendlela ekufanele ukuba lenze ngayo.

Ukuba unikela okanye ufumana umongo wethambo okanye iiseli zeziqu ngexesha lotshintsho, ugqirha wegazi uya kuba yinxalenye yeqela lakho lonyango. Ukuba unayo i-chemotherapy okanye i-immunotherapy ngexesha lokunyanga komhlaza, unokusebenza kunye ne-hematologist.

I-Hematologists inoqeqesho olongezelelekileyo kunyango lwangaphakathi kunye nokufunda kokuphazamiseka kwegazi. Iihematologists eziqinisekiswe yiBhodi nazo ziye zaphumelela iimviwo ezongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa ubungcali bazo.