Umhlaza webele: Kutheni ndinengalo kunye neentlungu zamagxa?

Umxholo

• Ugqirha
• Imitha
• Imitha ebangelwa yimitha
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango lweposturgery kunye nokuzilolonga ukuzama
• Izangqa zamagxa
• Amagxa aphakama
• Ingalo iyaphakama
• Ukuphakamisa iingalo
• Crunches ingalo
• Olunye unyango
• Ukuchacha kunyango lwe-radiation
• Unyango lokuphulula
• Ukolula
• Uqeqesho lwamandla
• Ukulumkela
• Ukunyanga iintlungu zekhemotherapy
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
• Imbonakalo

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Umhlaza webele

Emva konyango lomhlaza webele, kuqhelekile ukufumana iintlungu, ukuba ndindisholo, kunye nelahleko yokuhamba. Phantse yonke imiba yonyango inokubangela ukuqina, ukwehla kokuhamba, okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla. Ukudumba okanye utshintsho lweemvakalelo lunokwenzeka.

Amalungu omzimba wakho anokuchaphazeleka aquka:

• intamo
• iingalo nemilenze
• isifuba namagxa
• izandla neenyawo
• amalungu

Ezinye zezi ngxaki zinokwenzeka kwangoko. Abanye banokukhula ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaneenyanga emva kokuba kwenziwe unyango lokuqala.

Kutheni le nto isenzeka? Fumana ezinye zezizathu zingezantsi kunye nendlela yokunciphisa iintlungu.

Ugqirha

Iindidi ezininzi zotyando zinokwenziwa kumhlaza wamabele. Amaxesha amaninzi, kufuneka ube ngaphezulu kwesinye. Utyando lubandakanya:

• umhlaza
• kwinzame
• I-node ye-sentinel node
• Ukuchithwa kwe-lymph node
• utyando lwebele oluhlaziyiweyo
• ukubekwa kwindawo eyandisiweyo
• utshintshiselwano lwe-expander ngokubekwa endaweni

Ngexesha lazo naziphi na kwezi nkqubo, izicwili kunye nemithambo-luvo ziyenziwa kwaye zinokonakala. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba kunye nokukhathazeka emva koko.

Ugqirha wakho unokufaka iidreyini ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukunceda ukucoca ulwelo olugqithisileyo. Iidreyini ngokwazo zihlala zingonwabanga, nazo.

Njengokuba inkqubela phambili yokuphilisa iqhubeka, unokukhulisa izicwili ezibonakalayo. Ngaphakathi, kunokubakho utshintsho kwizicubu ezinxibelelanayo ezinokuziva ngathi ziqinile xa ushukuma. Isenokuvakala ngathi kukutyeba okanye ukwakheka okwentambo ekhwapheni, engalweni engaphezulu, okanye kwisisu esingaphezulu.

Unokuziva udiniwe kwaye uxinezelekile njengoko ulinde iingxelo zezifo. Usenokuthatha amayeza eentlungu ongakhange uwathathe, anokubangela ukudinwa kunye nesiyezi.

Konke oku kuqhelekile, kodwa nokuba iingxaki zingaqala nini. Nangaliphi na ixesha ukuhamba kwakho kuthintelwe ngotyando kwaneentsuku ezimbalwa, ungaqala ukuphulukana namandla, amandla, kunye noluhlu lokuhamba. Unokufumana ukuba ufuna uncedo lokunxiba nokuhlamba.

Ngokubanzi, uninzi lotyando luvumela abantu ukuba baqale ukuthamba kwengalo kunye namagxa kungekudala emva kotyando. Ngaphambi kokuba uye esibhedlele ekhaya, qiniseka ukuba uyazi into ecebiswa ngugqirha wakho.

Ukuba ufuna uncedo ekhaya, ungacela uncedo lwethutyana kumongikazi otyeleleyo okanye kwimpilo yasekhaya okanye kwiinkonzo zononophelo lwasekhaya. Abongikazi bezempilo basekhaya banokukunceda ujonge iidreyini zakho, amanxeba otyando, kunye neempawu ezibalulekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imiqondiso yosulelo. Banokuqinisekisa ukuba iintlungu zakho ziphantsi kolawulo. Abasebenzi bokunakekela amakhaya banokukunceda ngomsebenzi wasendlini, ukuya ezivenkileni, ukupheka, kunye nezinye izinto zemihla ngemihla, ezinje ngokuhlamba nokunxiba.

Imitha

Abantu abaninzi baya kufumana unyango ngemitha kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa zoqhaqho. Ingaba yimisebe yangaphakathi (brachytherapy) okanye i-radiation yangaphandle.

Unyango lwangaphakathi lujolise kunyango olwenzelwe ukusindisa izihlunu eziqhelekileyo, ezisempilweni. Imitha yelanga ihlala inikwa indawo yonke yebele kwiidosi zemihla ngemihla kangangexesha leeveki. Ngamanye amaxesha, iya kubandakanya ikhwapha (i-axilla), indawo yekhola, okanye zombini.

Ukunyanga ngemitha kusebenza ngokonakalisa i-DNA ngaphakathi kwiseli kwaye kuyenza ingakwazi ukwahlula nokuphindaphindeka.

Imitha iya kuchaphazela iiseli zomhlaza kunye neeseli eziqhelekileyo. Itshabalalisa ngokulula iiseli zomhlaza. Ezisempilweni, iiseli eziqhelekileyo zikwazi ukuzilungisa kwaye zisinde kunyango.

Inkqubo yokulungisa ayifezekanga. Ihlala ithathe indawo yeeseli ezonakeleyo ezisempilweni kunye nezicubu ezingafaniyo nasekuqaleni.

Imitha ebangelwa yimitha

Izihlunu zesifuba sakho zinokulungiswa kunye nezicubu ezinemicu emininzi, kwaye ngenxa yoko zingakwazi ukwandisa kunye nekhontrakthi njengezicubu zomzimba eziqhelekileyo.

Ukongeza, imicu yeli cwecwe le-fibrotic nayo inokuncamathela kunye kwaye yenze ukubambelela. Oku kubandakanya uhlobo lwethishu yangaphakathi. Imigca ebomvu oyibonayo kunye nokusikwa kotyando okuphilisiweyo kubandakanya izicubu ze-fibrotic.

Olu hlobo lwethishu yangaphakathi ibizwa ngokuba yi-fibrosis ebangelwa yimitha. Ayipheli ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ungayiphucula. Ukolula kunye nokomeleza izihlunu ezingqonge kunokuthintela ezinye iingxaki ekuphuhlisweni.

Unyango ngamayeza

Ngenxa yokuba oogqirha bayazi ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zanda ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwamayeza e-chemotherapy ayilelwe ukujolisa kwizicwili ezikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kukho umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iindidi ezininzi zeeseli eziqhelekileyo zihlala zikhula kwaye zithathe indawo yazo ngokukhawuleza. Oku kubandakanya:

• iiseli ezenza iinwele, iinzipho kunye neenkophe
• iiseli ezibeka umlomo kunye nokugaya ukutya
• iiseli zegazi ezibomvu namhlophe ezenziwe ngomongo wethambo

Amachiza e-antihormone yomlomo, anjenge-aromatase inhibitors, anokubangela iintlungu ezidibeneyo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lweethambo. Oku kunokukubeka emngciphekweni wokukhula kwamathambo kunye nokwaphuka.

Ezinye iichemotherapy agents, ngakumbi iiteksi, zinokonakalisa imithambo-luvo ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Oku kunokubangela:

• ukuba ndindisholo
• ukurhawuzelela
• ukuncipha kwemvakalelo
• intlungu

Ngokudibeneyo, ezi mpawu zaziwa njenge-chemotherapy-indipheripheral neuropathy (CIPN).

I-CIPN esezandleni zakho inokwenza ukuba kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi emihle yemoto, enjengokubhala, ukuphatha izinto kunye nokusebenzisa ikhibhodi. I-CIPN ezinyaweni zakho inokuchaphazela ukukwazi kwakho ukuziva umhlaba kunye nokugcina ulungelelwano.

Ukongeza, abantu abaninzi bafumana ukwehla kwamandla okucinga. Ungazilibala izinto, ukufumanise kunzima ukusombulula iingxaki ezilula, kwaye uzive unganxibelelananga.

Ezi ziphumo zecala zinokubangela ukuba ubuyekeze ngokusebenzisa imilenze yakho kunye nesiqu ngeendlela ezingaqhelekanga. Awuqheleki ukwenza ezi ntshukumo zitshintshiweyo, kodwa ezi nguqulelo ekuhambeni zinokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingalindelekanga ezingalweni zakho, ngasemva, esinqeni nasemagxeni.

Unyango lweposturgery kunye nokuzilolonga ukuzama

Emva kotyando, akuqhelekanga ukufumana iimpawu ezinjengokudumba, iintlungu, kunye nokuqina.

Ukuba uhlangabezana nezi mpawu, kungcono uqale ufune uvavanyo kwiingcali zamathambo okanye ugqirha wezonyango. Banokukufundisa indlela yokuhamba nokwenza umthambo ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ukuba awonzakalanga, ungaqhubeka ngokuqala ngenkqubo yokuzilolonga. Usenokuziva ungenakwenza kakhulu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uhambe xa unako.

Kule nqanaba, nokuba nokuthamba kohambo lokunyakaza kunokukunceda ekulahlekelweni kukuhamba kakhulu kwaye kuthintele ekuphuhliseni i-lymphedema.

Izangqa zamagxa

Izangqa zamagxa zinokunceda ukukhulula kunye nokufudumeza izihlunu eziqinileyo.

1. Qengqa amagxa ngaphambili.
2. Qhubeka ujikeleza phambili kwisindululo setyhula ye-10 reps.
3. Guqula isindululo kwaye usongele amagxa akho umva umva nge-10 reps.

Amagxa aphakama

Lo msebenzi unganceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo ngokusebenza kwezihlunu ezongezelelekileyo emagxeni nakumakhwapheni.

1. Kancinci phakamisa amagxa akho emoyeni, wenze ngathi uphakamisa amagxa akho ezindlebeni zakho.
2. Bamba indawo ephezulu kwimizuzwana emi-5.
3. Nciphisa amahlombe akho kwindawo yokuqala.
4. Phinda ama-8 ukuya kuma-10 amaxesha, uphinde uphinde uphinde kathathu ukuya kwayi-5 amaxesha ngosuku.

Ingalo iyaphakama

Lo msebenzi uqinisa uluhlu lokuhamba ngaphandle kokufuna ukuba uphakamise iingalo zakho ngaphezulu kunokuphakama kwamagxa.

1. Beka isandla sakho sasekunene egxalabeni lasekunene nakwesasekhohlo kwigxalaba lasekhohlo.
2. Kancinci phakamisa iingqiniba zakho emoyeni.
3. Yima xa iingqiniba zakho zifikelela kubude begxalaba. (Ngekhe ube nakho ukuphakamisa kamnandi oku phezulu okwangoku. Phakamisa njengoko unakho.)
4. Cothisa iingqiniba zakho kwindawo yokuqala.
5. Phinda amaxesha ama-8 ukuya kwali-10.

Ukuphakamisa iingalo

Lo msebenzi uhlala ucetyiswa njengoko uqhubela phambili ekuphumeni kwakho kwaye ufumana uluhlu olungcono lokunyakaza kwiingalo zakho.

1. Yima ngomqolo wakho eludongeni, uqinisekise ukuba ukuma kwakho nkqo njengoko umile.
2. Ukugcina iingalo ngokuthe nkqo, konyusa iingalo zakho phambi kwakho, ume xa ufikelela phezulu kangangoko unako. Ngokufanelekileyo, oku kuya kuba ngezandla zakho zikhombe eluphahleni kwaye iingalo ziphantse zachukumisa iindlebe zakho.
3. Cothisa iingalo zakho ezantsi ukubuyela kwindawo yakho yokuqala. Phinda amaxesha ama-8 ukuya kweli-10, okanye njengoko ukwazi.

Crunches ingalo

Lomthambo unceda ukolula amakhwapha kunye nomqolo wamagxa.

1. Lala phantsi ngomqolo phantsi. Unokusebenzisa umqamelo ngenkxaso yentamo.
2. Beka iingalo zakho emva kwentloko yakho nezandla ezindlebeni zakho. Iingqiniba zakho ziya kugotywa nakweliphi icala lentloko yakho.
3. Kancinci phakamisa iingqiniba zakho komnye nomnye, uziva wolule njengoko usenza.
4. Yima xa iingqiniba zakho ziphantse zadibana, uziva wolule kumqolo wakho wangasentla.
5. Cothisa iingqiniba zakho emva kwindawo yokuqala.
6. Phinda amaxesha ama-8 ukuya kwali-10.

Olunye unyango

Ukuba uhlakulela ukukhwabanisa kwi-armpit yakho emva kokuba i-lymph nodes isuswe, ukuphulula indawo ezichaphazelekayo kunokunceda. Ukolula kunye nokuthambisa, kudityaniswa namayeza okulwa nokudumba kunye nokusetyenziswa kobushushu obumanzi, kunokunceda ekuthomalaliseni ukungathandeki.

Ivenkile yeyeza lokuthomalalisa nokudumba

Ukuchacha kunyango lwe-radiation

Awunakho ukubona i-fibrosis ebangelwa yimitha, kodwa ungayiva xa ushukumisa ingalo yakho kwaye ufumanisa ukuba intshukumo yakho ithintelwe.

Imitha ebangelwa yimitha inokubangela iintlungu, ukuqina, kunye nokutshintsha kwemvakalelo, nokuba ziinyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokuba unyango lwakho ngemitha luphelile. Oogqirha baya kuhlala becebisa ngokudibanisa kweendlela zonyango zokuphucula amandla kunye nokuhamba.

Unyango lokuphulula

Cinga ngokufumana umyalezo rhoqo ukuze uncede ukolula izihlunu kwaye uzenze zithambe ngakumbi.

Unokujonga kwakhona ekuziphatheni ngokwakho kweendawo ezichaphazelekayo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuhlikihla ngesandla iindawo eziqinileyo nezingqongqo okanye ukuthenga izixhobo ezincedisayo ezinokuthi zisebenze njengolwandiso lwesandla sakho.

Imizekelo ibandakanya i-foam roller okanye i-massage stick, enokukunceda ufike kumqolo wakho okanye kwicala lomzimba wakho.

Thenga i-foam roller okanye i-massage stick.

Ukolula

Yenza umthambo owoluliweyo rhoqo, njengemisebenzi yoqhaqho olwenziwe apha ngasentla.

Unokufuna kwakhona ukolula intamo yakho, njengokwenza izangqa ngentloko yakho. Zama ukolula intloko yakho phambili (ngokuwisa isilevu sakho esifubeni) emva koko ujonge phezulu eluphahleni.

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuthumela umqondiso emzimbeni wakho ukuze uphinde usebenze, ukhulule, kwaye unciphise ukubola kwangaphandle nangaphakathi. Olunye uloyiko luya kuhlala luhleli, kodwa kuqhelekile.

Uqeqesho lwamandla

Yomeleza iingalo zakho, amagxa, kunye nomqolo ngokuzilolonga okanye ngokusebenzisa amabhande enyango. Imizekelo yokuzivocavoca okunenzuzo ibandakanya:

• Iibhicep curls
• ulwandiso lweetriki
• ingalo iphakamisa
• oomatshini bokushicilela begxalaba

Ivenkile yeebhendi zonyango.

Ukulumkela

Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuqala umthambo okanye inkqubo yolule.

Thetha nabo ngaphambi kokuba uye kufumana umyalezo. Ukuba une-lymph node isuswe, kusenokubakho iindlela zokunyanga umyalezo wakho kufuneka uphephe, njengoxinzelelo olunzulu okanye unyango olushushu nolubanda.

Ukunyanga iintlungu zekhemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, kubandakanya neuropathic. Le ntlungu yentlungu kunokuba nzima ukunyanga. Amayeza amaninzi entlungu awahlali esebenza.

Inyathelo lokuqala kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nentlungu yakho. Banokumisela i-gabapentin (Neurontin). Iyakwamkelwa yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukunyanga iintlungu.

Kuxhomekeke kubunjani bentlungu yakho, banokumisela amayeza eentlungu ukunyanga iintlungu.

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza "ngaphandle kwelebula" ukunyanga iimpawu zakho. Le migqaliselo ayivunywanga ngokucacileyo yi-FDA ukunyanga iimpawu zakho ezithile, kodwa ziyaziwa ukunceda abanye abantu.

Amayeza angekho kwilebula amiselweyo ngugqirha aya kwahluka ngokusekwe kwimbali kunye neempawu zakho zempilo.

Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ngaphandle kwelebheli kuthetha ukuba ichiza elivunyiweyo yi-FDA ngenjongo enye lisetyenziselwa injongo eyahlukileyo engekavunywa. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha usenokulisebenzisa iyeza ukulungiselela loo njongo. Kungenxa yokuba i-FDA ilawula ukuvavanywa kunye nokuvunywa kwamachiza, kodwa hayi indlela abagqirha abazisebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi ukunyanga izigulana zabo. Ke, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ichiza kodwa bacinga ukuba kokona kulungileyo ukukhathalela kwakho.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Ukongeza kokuqina kunye nokuqina, unokufumana ukuba unengxaki enkulu ebangelwa kukungqubana okanye ukubila kwiindawo apho uqhaqho okanye unyango lwakho lwenzeka khona. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpahla owake wazinxiba unokuziva ungonwabanga okanye uthintele.

Ukunciphisa ezi mpawu, unokwenza ezi ndlela zilandelayo zokuphila:

• Faka ingqolowa kwindawo yakho engaphantsi kwekhwapha ukunciphisa ukungqubana. Abanye abantu bancoma ukubeka i-cornstarch esokisi okanye isitokhwe, ubophe iqhina phezulu, kwaye ucofe iikawusi okanye isitokhwe eluswini.
• Kunqande ukucheba ikhwapha ngelixa ufumana unyango lwemitha.
• Yeka ukusebenzisa amanzi ashushu xa uhlamba ukuthintela ukomisa ulusu lwakho. Sebenzisa amanzi ashushu endaweni yoko.
• Ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kwesikhumba ngokuphepha iisepha ezinamandla, i-antiperspirants, okanye i-deodorants.
• Nxiba iimpahla ezikhululekileyo ukunciphisa ubunzima kwaye uvumele ukuzolula kunye nokunyusa ukunyakaza.

Imbonakalo

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukuqaphela iimpawu zakho kwangoko kwaye uzixele kugqirha wakho. Iimpawu ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo zibandakanya:

• nayiphi na intlungu eyenzekayo nokuba uphumle okanye xa ushukuma
• ukuncipha kwesindululo esidibeneyo
• nabuphi na ubuthathaka, ukudinwa, okanye utshintsho kwimvakalelo
• ukunciphisa amandla okwenza imisebenzi yokuzinakekela
• Ukurekhoda ekhwapheni okanye engalweni yakho, enokuthi ivele kuphela xa uphakamisa ingalo
• ukwanda kokudumba engalweni, esiqwini, esifubeni, okanye entanyeni

Musa ukungahoyi iimpawu. Ukuqala kweempawu zakho kuvavanywa nokunyangwa, ngcono. I-oncologist yakho kufuneka ikuvavanye, nayo. Banokufumanisa kufanelekile ukuba bakuthumele kugqirha wamathambo, ugqirha wemithambo-luvo, okanye ugqirha wezonyango.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimpawu azinakubonakala kangangeeveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka emva kokugqiba unyango lokuqala lomhlaza webele. Oku akuqhelekanga. Musa ukucinga ukuba baya kusombulula ngokwabo ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Iingalo neengalo zamagxa zihlala ziyinxalenye yomonakalo wexesha elide obangelwe lunyango lomhlaza. Naziphi na kwezi mpawu zinokubonisa into enzulu, njengokuphindaphinda komhlaza okanye imastastasis.

Ingcebiso efanayo iyasebenza: Xela iingxaki kwangoko, kuvavanywe ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ufumane unyango. Awunakho ukulungisa ingxaki ongayihoyi.

Fumana inkxaso kwabanye abaphila nomhlaza wamabele. Khuphela usetyenziso lwasimahla lweHealthline Apha.