Iintsana zokuthintela ukukhwehlela kweentsana

Umxholo

• 1. I-Ambroxol
• Kusetyenziswa kwanjani
• Ukungqinelana
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• 2. Acetylcysteine
• Kusetyenziswa kwanjani
• Ukungqinelana
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• 3. IBromhexine
• Kusetyenziswa kwanjani
• Ukungqinelana
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• 4. ICarbocysteine
• Kusetyenziswa kwanjani
• Ukungqinelana
• Imiphumela
• 5. IGuaifenesina
• Kusetyenziswa kwanjani
• Ukungqinelana
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka
• 6. I-Acebrophylline
• Kusetyenziswa kwanjani
• Ukungqinelana
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Isikhohlela sisikhohlela sendalo ephilayo yokukhupha i-mucus kwinkqubo yokuphefumla kwaye, ke ngoko, ukukhohlela akufuneki kucinezelwe ngamayeza athintelayo, kodwa ngamayeza enza ukuba phlegm ibe lulwelo ngakumbi kwaye kube lula ukuyiphelisa kwaye ikhuthaze ukugxothwa kwayo, nyanga isikhohlela ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.

Ngokubanzi, izinto ezilindelweyo ezisetyenziswayo ebantwaneni ziyafana nezo zisetyenziswa ngabantu abadala, nangona kunjalo, iifomula zabantwana zilungiselelwe kumanani asezantsi, zilungele abantwana. Uninzi lweephakeji zala machiza, "ukusetyenziswa komntwana", "ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana" okanye "abantwana" kuyakhankanywa, ukwenza kube lula ukufumanisa.

Ngaphambi kokunika isiraphu emntwaneni, kubalulekile, ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukuthatha umntwana kugqirha wabantwana, ukuze amisele eyona ifanelekileyo kunye nokuqonda ukuba yintoni enokuba sisizathu sokukhohlela. Yazi ukuba umbala ngamnye wephlegm ungathetha ntoni.

Amanye amayeza aboniswe ukunyanga ukukhwehlela nge-phlegm zezi:

1. I-Ambroxol

I-Ambroxol yabantwana iyafumaneka ngamathontsi nesiraphu, generic okanye phantsi kwegama lorhwebo iMucosolvan okanye iSedavan.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani

Idosi eza kulawulwa ixhomekeke kubudala okanye ubunzima kunye nefom yamayeza eza kusetyenziswa:

Amaconsi (7.5 mg / mL)

Ukusetyenziswa komlomo:

• Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2: 1 ml (25 amathontsi), amaxesha ama-2 ngosuku;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5 ubudala: 1 ml (amathontsi angama-25), kathathu ngemini;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: 2 ml, kathathu ngemini;
• Abantu abadala kunye nolutsha ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-12: 4 mL, kathathu ngemini.

Umthamo wokusetyenziswa komlomo ungabalwa kunye ne-0.5 mg ye-ambroxol nge-kg yobunzima bomzimba, kathathu ngemini. Amaconsi anokunyibilika emanzini kwaye angangeniswa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya.

Ukuphefumla:

• Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6: 1 ukuya kwi-2 inhalations / ngosuku, nge-2 ml;
• Abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-6 kunye nabantu abadala: 1 ukuya kwi-2 inhalations / ngosuku nge-2 ml ukuya kwi-3 mL.

Umthamo we-inhalation ungabalwa kunye ne-0.6 mg ye-ambroxol nge-kg yobunzima bomzimba, amaxesha ama-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngosuku.

Isiraphu (15 mg / mL)

• Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2: 2.5 ml, amaxesha ama-2 ngosuku;
• Abantwana ukusukela kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-5: 2.5 ml, kathathu ngemini;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: 5 ml, kathathu ngemini.

Idosi yesiraphu yabantwana nayo inokubalwa kwinqanaba le-0.5 mg ngeekhilogram ubunzima bomzimba, kathathu ngemini.

Ukungqinelana

I-Ambroxol akufuneki isetyenziswe kubantu abanovelwano kakhulu kumalungu efomula kwaye kufuneka inikwe kuphela abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala ukuba bacetyiswe ngugqirha.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Nangona ihlala inyamezelwa kakuhle, ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka, ezinje ngotshintsho kwincasa, ukunciphisa ubuntununtunu bomphaya kunye nomlomo kunye nesicaphucaphu.

2. Acetylcysteine

I-Acetylcysteine ​​yabantwana iyafumaneka kwisiraphu yabantwana, ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo okanye phantsi kwamagama orhwebo i-Fluimucil okanye i-NAC.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani

Idosi eza kulawulwa ixhomekeke kubudala bomntwana okanye kubunzima bayo:

Isiraphu (20 mg / mL)

• Abantwana ukusukela kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-4: 5 ml, amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwayi-3 ngemini;
• Abantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-4: 5 ml, kathathu ukuya kathathu ngemini.

Ukungqinelana

I-Acetylcysteine ​​akufuneki isetyenziswe kubantu abaxhalabisayo kwizinto zendlela kunye nakubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, ngaphandle kokuba kucetyiswa ngugqirha.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Ezinye zeempembelelo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lonyango kunye ne-acetylcysteine ​​zizifo zesisu, ezifana nokuziva ugula, ukugabha okanye urhudo.

3. IBromhexine

I-Bromhexine ifumaneka ngamathontsi okanye isiraphu kwaye inokufumaneka kwi-generic okanye phantsi kwegama lezorhwebo iBisolvon.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani

Idosi eza kulawulwa ixhomekeke kubudala okanye ubunzima kunye nefom yamayeza eza kusetyenziswa:

Isiraphu (4mg / 5mL)

• Abantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwe-6: 2.5 mL (2mg), kathathu ngemini;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: 5 ml (4mg), kathathu ngemini;
• Abantu abadala kunye nolutsha ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-12: 10 mL (8mg), amaxesha ama-3 ngemini.

Amaconsi (2 mg / mL)

Ukusetyenziswa komlomo:

• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-6 ubudala: amathontsi angama-20 (2.7 mg), amaxesha amathathu ngosuku;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: 2 ml (4 mg), kathathu ngemini;
• Abantu abadala kunye nolutsha ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-12: 4 ml (8 mg), kathathu ngemini.

Ukuphefumla:

• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-6 ubudala: amathontsi ali-10 (malunga ne-1.3 mg), amaxesha ama-2 ngosuku;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: 1 ml (2mg), amaxesha ama-2 ngosuku;
• Abafikisayo ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-12 ubudala: 2 ml (4mg), amaxesha ama-2 ngosuku;
• Abantu abadala: 4 ml (8 mg), kabini ngemini.

Ukungqinelana

Eli yeza akufuneki lisetyenziswe kubantu abane-hypersensitive kumacandelo efomula nakubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngexesha lonyango sisicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye norhudo.

4. ICarbocysteine

I-Carbocysteine ​​sisixhobo esinokufumaneka kwisiraphu, generic okanye phantsi kwegama lorhwebo iMucofan.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani

Isiraphu (20 mg / mL)

• Abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: isiqingatha (5mL) ukuya kwikomityi yokulinganisa eyi-1 (10mL), kathathu ngemini.

Ukungqinelana

Eli yeza akufuneki lisetyenziswe kubantu abane-hypersensitive kumacandelo efomula nakubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Imiphumela

Ezinye zeempembelelo eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lonyango ziingxaki zesisu, ezifana nesicaphucaphu, isifo sohudo kunye nokuphazamiseka kwesisu.

5. IGuaifenesina

I-Guaifenesin yi-expectorant efumaneka kwisiraphu, ngokwesiqhelo okanye phantsi kwegama lorhwebo iTranspulmin yobusi besiraphu yabantwana.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani

Idosi eza kulawulwa ixhomekeke kubudala bomntwana okanye kubunzima bayo:

Isiraphu (100 mg / 15 mL)

• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: i-15 mL (100 mg) qho kwiiyure ezi-4;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-6 ubudala: 7.5 ml (50 mg) qho kwiiyure ezi-4.

Elona xabiso liphezulu lemihla ngemihla kulawulo lweziyobisi kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 yiminyaka eyi-1200 mg / ngosuku kwaye kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-6 ngama-600 mg / ngosuku.

Ukungqinelana

Eli yeza akufuneki lisetyenziswe kubantu abane-hypersensitivity kumacandelo efomula, abantu abane-porphyria nakubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lonyango nge-guaifenesin ziziphazamiso zesisu, ezinje ngesicaphucaphu, urhudo kunye nokungonwabi esiswini.

6. I-Acebrophylline

I-Acebrophylline sisixhobo esifumaneka kwisiraphu, ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo okanye phantsi kwegama lophawu lweBrondilat.

Kusetyenziswa kwanjani

Idosi eza kulawulwa ixhomekeke kubudala bomntwana okanye kubunzima bayo:

Isiraphu (5mg / mL)

• Abantwana ukusukela kwiminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala: ikomityi yokulinganisa eyi-1 (10mL) qho kwiiyure ezili-12;
• Abantwana ukusukela kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwengama-6 ubudala: ikomityi yokulinganisa (i-5mL) nganye iiyure ezili-12;
• Abantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 ubudala: 2mg / kg yobunzima ngosuku, yahlulwe yangamalungiselelo amabini, rhoqo emva kweeyure ezili-12.

Ukungqinelana

I-Acebrophylline akufuneki isetyenziswe ngabantu abaxhalabisayo kwizinto zendlela, izigulana ezinesibindi, izintso okanye isifo sentliziyo, isilonda esisebenzayo kunye nembali edlulileyo yokuxhuzula. Ukongeza, akufuneki isetyenziswe nakubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka

Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngexesha lonyango kukuqhinwa, urhudo, ukugcwala amathe kakhulu, umlomo owomileyo, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukurhawuzelela ngokubanzi nokudinwa.

Kwaye zazi amayeza endalo anokunceda ekunciphiseni ukukhohlela.