Atelectasis

I-Atelectasis kukuwa kwenxalenye okanye, kuncinci kakhulu, yonke imiphunga.

I-Atelectasis ibangelwa kukuvaleka kweepaseji zomoya (i-bronchus okanye i-bronchioles) okanye ngoxinzelelo olungaphandle kwemiphunga.

I-Atelectasis ayifani nolunye uhlobo lwemiphunga ewayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-pneumothorax, eyenzeka xa umoya uphuma emphungeni. Umoya ke uzalisa indawo engaphandle komphunga, phakathi komphunga kunye nodonga lwesifuba.

I-Atelectasis ixhaphakile emva kotyando okanye kubantu abasesibhedlele.

Imiba yomngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-atelectasis ibandakanya:

• Ukubulawa
• Ukusetyenziswa kombhobho wokuphefumla
• Into yangaphandle kwindlela yomoya (exhaphake ebantwaneni)
• Isifo semiphunga
• I-Mucus eplahla indlela yomoya
• Uxinzelelo emiphungeni lubangelwa kukukhula kolwelo phakathi kweembambo kunye nemiphunga (ebizwa ngokuba ngumsinga we-pleural effusion)
• Ukulala ixesha elide kunye notshintsho oluncinci kwindawo
• Ukuphefumla kancinci (kunokubangelwa kukuphefumla kabuhlungu okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha)
• Izidumba ezivala indlela yomoya

Iimpawu zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Khohlela

Akukho zimpawu ukuba i-atelectasis ithambile.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba une-atelectasis, olu vavanyo lulandelayo luya kwenziwa ukujonga imiphunga kunye neendlela zomoya:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba ngokwenza (ukumamela) okanye ukubetha (ukubetha) isifuba
• Bronchoscopy
• Isifuba se-CT okanye se-MRI scan
• I-x-ray yesifuba

Injongo yonyango kukunyanga oyena nobangela kunye nokwandisa kwakhona izicubu zemiphunga eziwayo. Ukuba ulwelo lubeka uxinzelelo emiphungeni, ukususa ulwelo kungavumela umphunga ukuba wandise.

Unyango lubandakanya enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukubetha (ukubetha) esifubeni ukukhulula iiplagi zencindi kwindlela yomoya.
• Ukuzivocavoca ngokunzulu (ngoncedo lwezixhobo ze-spirometry).
• Susa okanye ukhulule nakuphi na ukuvaleka kwindlela yomoya nge-bronchoscopy.
• Mthambekise umntu ukuze intloko isezantsi kunesifuba (esibizwa ngokuba ngumsele wasemva). Oku kuvumela i-mucus ukuba ikhuphe ngokulula.
• Nyanga ithumba okanye enye imeko.
• Jika umntu alale kwicala elisempilweni, avumele indawo edilikayo yemiphunga ukuba iphinde yande.
• Sebenzisa amayeza aphefumlelweyo ukuvula indlela yomoya.
• Sebenzisa ezinye izixhobo ezinceda ukwandisa uxinzelelo oluqinisekileyo kwiindlela zomoya kunye nokucacisa ulwelo.
• Yiba namandla xa kunokwenzeka

Kumntu omdala, i-atelectasis kwindawo encinci yomphunga ihlala ingabeki ubomi emngciphekweni. Eminye imiphunga inokwenza indawo edilikileyo, izise ioksijini eyaneleyo ukuze umzimba usebenze.

Iindawo ezinkulu ze-atelectasis zingasongela ubomi, rhoqo emntwaneni okanye kumntwana omncinci, okanye kumntu onesinye isifo semiphunga okanye ukugula.

Umphunga owileyo uhlala uvuseleleka kancinci ukuba umqobo wendlela ususiwe. Ukuqhekeka okanye umonakalo unokuhlala.

Imbonakalo ixhomekeke kwisifo esisisiseko. Umzekelo, abantu abanomhlaza obanzi bahlala bengenzi kakuhle, ngelixa abo bane-atelectasis elula emva kotyando banesiphumo esihle kakhulu.

I-pneumonia inokukhula ngokukhawuleza emva kwe-atelectasis kwindawo echaphazelekayo yemiphunga.

Shayela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ngokukhawuleza ukuba uhlakulela iimpawu ze-atelectasis.

Ukuthintela i-atelectasis:

• Khuthaza intshukumo kunye nokuphefumla nzulu kuye nakubani na olele ebhedini ixesha elide.
• Gcina izinto ezincinci apho abantwana abancinci bangenakufikelela khona.
• Gcina ukuphefumla okunzulu emva kokubulawa komzimba.

Inxalenye yokuwa kwemiphunga

• Bronchoscopy
• Amaphaphu
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla

UCarlsen KH, uCrowley S, uSmevik B. Atelectasis. Ku: UWilmott RW, uDeterding R, uLi A, et al. Ukuphazamiseka kukaKendig kwendlela yokuphefumla kwaBantwana. Umhla we-9.IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 70.

I-Nagji AS, iJolissaint JS, iLau CL. Atelectasis. Ku: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Unyango lwangoku lukaConn 2021. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: 850-850.

Rozenfeld RA. Atelectasis. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 437.