Isifo semiphunga

Isifo semiphunga yiyo nayiphi na ingxaki emiphungeni ethintela imiphunga ekusebenzeni kakuhle. Zintathu iintlobo eziphambili zesifo semiphunga:

1. Izifo ezihamba ngomoya - Ezi zifo zichaphazela iityhubhu (iindlela zomoya) ezihambisa ioksijini kunye nezinye iigesi ukuphuma nokuphuma emiphungeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibangela ukunciphisa okanye ukuvalwa kweendlela zomoya. Izifo zomoya zibandakanya i-asthma, i-COPD kunye ne-bronchiectasis. Abantu abanezifo zomoya bahlala besithi baziva ngathi "bazama ukuphefumla ngomququ."
2. Izifo zemiphunga yemiphunga- Ezi zifo zichaphazela ukwakheka kwethishu yemiphunga. Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukudumba kwezihlunu kwenza ukuba imiphunga ingakwazi ukwanda ngokupheleleyo (isithintelo sesifo semiphunga). Oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima kwimiphunga ukuba ingenise ioksijini kwaye ikhuphe i-carbon dioxide. Abantu abanolu hlobo lwesifo semiphunga bahlala besithi baziva ngathi "banxibe ijezi okanye ivesti." Ngenxa yoko, abakwazi ukuphefumla nzulu. I-pulmonary fibrosis kunye ne-sarcoidosis yimizekelo yesifo sezicubu zemiphunga.
3. Izifo zokujikeleza kwemiphunga - Ezi zifo zichaphazela imithambo yegazi emiphungeni. Zibangelwa kukujiyiswa kwamabala, ukonwaba, okanye ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi. Zichaphazela amandla emiphunga okuthatha ioksijini kunye nokukhupha ikharbon diokside. Ezi zifo zinokuchaphazela nokusebenza kwentliziyo. Umzekelo wesifo sokujikeleza kwemiphunga sisifo soxinzelelo lwegazi kwimiphunga. Abantu abanezi meko bahlala beziva bephefumla kancinci xa bezikhandla.

Izifo ezininzi zemiphunga zibandakanya ukudityaniswa kwezi ntlobo zintathu.

Izifo eziqhelekileyo zemiphunga zibandakanya:

• Isifo sombefu
• Ukuwa kwenxalenye okanye yonke imiphunga (pneumothorax okanye atelectasis)
• Ukudumba kunye nokudumba kwiipaseji eziphambili (iityhubhu ze-bronchial) ezihambisa umoya kwimiphunga (i-bronchitis)
• I-COPD (isifo esinganyangekiyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga)
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• Usulelo lwemiphunga (inyumoniya)
• Ukwakhiwa okungalunganga kolwelo kwimiphunga (i-pulmonary edema)
• Umthambo wamaphaphu othintelweyo (pulmonary embolus)

• Isifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga - abantu abadala - ukukhutshwa
• ICOPD-ulawulo lweziyobisi
• I-COPD-iziyobisi zoncedo olukhawulezayo

• Ubunzima beplmonary-kwicala lokujonga isifuba x-ray
• Ubunzima bemiphunga, imiphunga yasekunene-i-CT scan
• Ubunzima bemiphunga, imiphunga ephezulu yangasentla - isifuba x-ray
• Imiphunga enesifo somhlaza wesisele esine-squamous-CT scan
• Umsi otshaywayo nomhlaza wemiphunga
• I-nail syndrome
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla

UKraft M. Indlela eya kwisigulana esinezifo zokuphefumla. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 77.

Ukuthatha i-PT, i-Innes JA. Iyeza lokuphefumla. Ku: Ralston SH, ID Penman, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, ii-eds. Imigaqo kaDavidson kunye nokuSebenza kweyeza. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 17.