Histoplasmosis - etsolo (zaseprayimari) yemiphunga

I-histoplasmosis ye-pulmonary acute yintsholongwane yokuphefumula ebangelwa kukungenisa i-spores yefungus Imbali yeplasma capsulatum.

Imbali yeplasma capsulatumIgama lomngundo obangela i-histoplasmosis. Itholakala kumbindi nasempuma ye-United States, kwimpuma yeKhanada, eMexico, kuMbindi Merika, eMzantsi Melika, e-Afrika, nakwi-mpuma ye-Asia. Ngokuqhelekileyo kufunyanwa emhlabeni kwiintlambo zemilambo. Ingena emhlabeni ubukhulu becala ivela kwilindle leentaka kunye nelulwane.

Unokugula xa uphefumla kwi-spores eveliswa yifungus. Qho ngonyaka, amawakawaka abantu anamajoni omzimba aqhelekileyo ehlabathini jikelele ayosuleleka, kodwa uninzi aluguli kakhulu. Uninzi alunazo iimpawu okanye lunesifo esifana nomkhuhlane kuphela kwaye luyachacha ngaphandle konyango.

I-histoplasmosis ye-pulmonary acute ingenzeka njengobhubhane, nabantu abaninzi kommandla omnye bagula ngaxeshanye. Abantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka (jonga kwiCandelo leMpawu apha ngezantsi) kunokwenzeka ukuba:

• Ukuphuhlisa esi sifo ukuba siveliswe kukungunda
• Ngaba esi sifo sibuye kwakhona
• Unempawu ezininzi, kunye neempawu ezinzulu, kunabanye abafumana isifo

Imiba yomngcipheko ibandakanya ukuya okanye ukuhlala kumbindi okanye empuma yeUnited States kufutshane neentlambo zemilambo iOhio neMississippi, kwaye ukubhencwa kwilindle leentaka namalulwane. Esi sisongelo sikhulu emva kokuba isakhiwo esidala sidiliziwe kwaye ii-spores zingena emoyeni, okanye xa zihlola imiqolomba.

Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo se-pulmonary histoplasmosis abanazimpawu okanye ziimpawu nje ezincinci. Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukugodola
• Khohlela
• Ifiva
• Intlungu edibeneyo kunye nokuqina
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha kunye nokuqina
• Irhash (ihlala inezilonda ezincinci kwimilenze esezantsi)
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

I-histoplasmosis ye-pulmonary acute ingaba sisifo esibi kubantu abancinci kakhulu, kubantu abadala, nakubantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, kubandakanya abo:

• Unentsholongwane kaGawulayo / uGawulayo
• Ndikhe ndanomongo wethambo okanye amalungu omzimba aqinileyo
• Thatha amayeza athintela amajoni abo omzimba

Iimpawu kwaba bantu zingabandakanya:

• Ukudumba okujikeleze intliziyo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-pericarditis)
• Usulelo olukhulu lwemiphunga
• Iintlungu ezihlangeneyo

Ukuchonga i-histoplasmosis, kufuneka ubenefungus okanye iimpawu zomngundo emzimbeni wakho. Okanye amajoni akho omzimba kufuneka abonise ukuba iyasabela kwifungus.

Uvavanyo lubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody ye-histoplasmosis
• I-Biopsy yendawo yosulelo
• I-Bronchoscopy (ihlala yenziwa kuphela xa iimpawu zinzima okanye unamajoni omzimba angaqhelekanga)
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC) ngokwahluka
• Isifuba se-CT scan
• I-x-ray yesifuba (ingabonisa usulelo lwemiphunga okanye inyumoniya)
• Inkcubeko yesikhohlela (olu vavanyo kaninzi alubonisi ukungunda, nokuba usulelekile)
• Uvavanyo lomchamo lwe Imbali yeplasma capsulatum iantigen

Uninzi lweziganeko ze-histoplasmosis zicoca ngaphandle konyango oluthile. Abantu bayacetyiswa ukuba baphumle kwaye bathathe amayeza okulawula umkhuhlane.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokukunika amayeza ukuba uyagula ngaphezulu kweeveki ezi-4, unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Xa usulelo lwe-histoplasmosis lungabanzima okanye lisiya lisiba mandundu, isigulo sinokuhlala ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile ukuba kubulale.

Isigulo siba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye sibe sisifo semphunga sexesha elide (esinganyangekiyo) (esingahambiyo).

I-Histoplasmosis inokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu ngokuhamba kwegazi (ukusasazwa). Oku kuhlala kubonakala kwiintsana, abantwana abancinci, kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba acinezelweyo.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unempawu ze-histoplasmosis, ngakumbi ukuba unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye usandula kuvezwa kwintaka okanye kwilindle
• Unyangelwa i-histoplasmosis kwaye uphuhlise iimpawu ezintsha

Kulumkele ukunxibelelana nencindi yeentaka okanye yeelulwane ukuba ukwindawo apho kuxhaphake khona ukubola, ngakumbi ukuba amajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

• I-histoplasmosis efanelekileyo
• Ngundo

I-Deepe GS. Imbali yeplasma capsulatum (i-histoplasmosis). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 263.

IKauffman CA, iGalgiani JN, iThompson GR. I-mycoses engapheliyo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 316.