Indawo yolwimi lamathe

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo

Ushwankathelo

Idlala lengqula lilele nzulu ngaphakathi kwentloko. Ihlala ibizwa ngokuba yi "master gland" kuba ilawula uninzi lwezinye izinto ezenziwa ngamanye amadlala.

Ngasentla kwepituitary yihypothalamus. Ithumela imiqondiso yehomoni okanye yombane kwi-pituitary. Oku kumisela ukuba yeyiphi ihomoni eyakhutshwa yipituitary.

Umzekelo, i-hypothalamus inokuthumela ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-GHRH, okanye i-hormone yokukhula ekhupha i-hormone. Oko kuya kubangela ukukhutshwa kwe-pituitary yokukhula kwehomoni, echaphazela ubungakanani bemisipha kunye nethambo.

Kubaluleke kangakanani oku? Ukungafumani ngokwaneleyo ngexesha lobuntwana kunokubangela ukungabikho komzimba. Ukufumana okuninzi kunokubangela imeko echaseneyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-gigantism. Kumzimba osele ukhulile, ukukhula kakhulu kwehomoni kunokubangela i-acromegaly. Ngale meko, iimpawu zobuso ziba rhabaxa kwaye kunjalo; ilizwi liya lisiba nzulu; kwaye isandla, unyawo, kunye nobukhulu bekhakhayi buyanda.

Umyalelo owahlukileyo wehomoni ovela kwi-hypothalamus unokubangela ukukhutshwa kwehomoni okanye i-TSH.I-TSH ibangela ukuba idlala lengqula likhuphe iihomoni ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-T3 kunye ne-T4 evuselela imetabolism kwezinye iiseli emzimbeni wonke.

I-pituitary inokukhupha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuba yi-antidiuretic hormone, okanye i-ADH. Iveliswe kwi-hypothalamus kwaye igcinwe kwi-pituitary. I-ADH ichaphazela ukuveliswa komchamo. Xa ikhutshwa, izintso zifunxa okungaphezulu kolwelo oludlula kuzo. Oko kuthetha ukuba umchamo omncinci uveliswa.

Utywala buthintela ukukhutshwa kwe-ADH, ke ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo kukhokelela kwimveliso yokuchama ngakumbi.

Idlala lengqula livelisa ezinye iihomoni ezilawula eminye imisebenzi yomzimba kunye neenkqubo.

Umzekelo, i-follicle evuselelayo yehomoni, okanye i-FSH, kunye ne-luteinizing hormone, okanye i-LH, zihomoni ezichaphazela ama-ovari kunye nemveliso yeqanda kubafazi. Emadodeni, zichaphazela iimvavanyo kunye nokuveliswa kwesidoda.

Iprolactin yincindi yedlala echaphazela izicubu zamabele koomama abanyisayo.

I-ACTH okanye i-adrenocorticotrophic hormone ibangela ukuba iincindi zamadlala zivelise izinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-steroids.

Ukukhula, ukufikisa, inkqayi, nokuba ngathi ulambile kwaye unxaniwe, zimbalwa zeenkqubo ezichaphazeleka yinkqubo ye-endocrine.

• Iingxaki zepituitary
• Amathumba ePituitary