Ukudumba kwemiphunga

I-edema ye-Pulmonary sisakhiwo esingaqhelekanga samanzi emiphungeni. Olu lwakhiwo lwamanzi lukhokelela ekuphefumlweni okufutshane.

I-edema ye-pulmonary ihlala ibangelwa kukusilela kwentliziyo. Xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukumpompa ngokufanelekileyo, igazi liyakwazi ukubuyela kwiimvini ezithatha igazi ngemiphunga.

Njengoko uxinzelelo kule mithambo yegazi landa, ulwelo lutyhalelwa kwiindawo zomoya (alveoli) emiphungeni. Olu lwelo lucutha intshukumo eqhelekileyo yeoksijini ngemiphunga. Ezi zinto zimbini zidibeneyo zibangela ukuphefumla okufutshane.

Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo ekhokelela kwi-edema yemiphunga kunokubangelwa ngu:

• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye nasiphi na isifo sentliziyo esenza buthathaka okanye iqine imisipha yentliziyo (i-cardiomyopathy)
• Ukuvuza okanye ukunciphisa ivalvu zentliziyo (mitral okanye aortic valves)
• Ngokukhawuleza, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi)

Ukudumba kwepulmonary nako kunokubangelwa:

• Amayeza athile
• Ukukhanya okuphezulu
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Imithambo emxinwa ezisa igazi kwizintso
• Umonakalo wemiphunga obangelwa yirhasi enetyhefu okanye usuleleko oluqatha
• Ukulimala okukhulu

Iimpawu ze-edema yemiphunga zingabandakanya:

• Ukukhohlela igazi okanye amagazi anegazi
• Kunzima ukuphefumla xa ulele (i-orthopnea)
• Ukuziva "ulambile emoyeni" okanye "ukuntywila" (Le mvakalelo ibizwa ngokuba yi "paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea" ukuba ibangela ukuba uvuke emva kweeyure ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 emva kokulala uzabalazela ukubamba umphefumlo.)
• Ukugcuma, ukugungqa, okanye ukubetha izandi ngokuphefumla
• Iingxaki zokuthetha izivakalisi ezipheleleyo ngenxa yokuphefumla okufutshane

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ixhala okanye ukungazinzi
• Ukuhla kwinqanaba lokulumkisa
• Ukudumba komlenze okanye kwesisu
• Ulusu oluthuthu
• Ukubila (ukugqithisa)

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba olucokisekileyo.

Umboneleli uya kumamela imiphunga yakho kunye nentliziyo nge-stethoscope ukukhangela:

• Intliziyo engaqhelekanga iyavakala
• Crackles kwimiphunga yakho, ebizwa ngokuba yimigca
• Ukunyuka kwenhliziyo (tachycardia)
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza (tachypnea)

Ezinye izinto ezinokubonwa ngexesha loviwo zibandakanya:

• Ukudumba komlenze okanye kwesisu
• Ukungaqhelekanga kwemithambo yakho yentamo (engabonisa ukuba kukho amanzi amaninzi emzimbeni wakho)
• Umbala wesikhumba omnyama okanye ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-pallor okanye i-cyanosis)

Uvavanyo olunokwenzeka lubandakanya:

• Amachiza egazi
• Amanqanaba eoksijini egazi (ioximetry okanye iigesi zegazi)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• I-Echocardiogram (i-ultrasound yentliziyo) ukubona ukuba kukho iingxaki kwizihlunu zentliziyo
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) ukujonga iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo okanye iingxaki kwisingqi sentliziyo

I-edema ye-pulmonary ihlala inyangwa kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye esibhedlele. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ube kwicandelo lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU).

• Ioksijini inikwa ngesigqumathelo sobuso okanye iityhubhu ezincinci zeplastiki zibekwe empumlweni.
• Umbhobho wokuphefumla ungabekwa kwi-windpipe (trachea) ukuze ukwazi ukuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator) ukuba awukwazi ukuphefumla kakuhle ngokwakho.

Unobangela we-edema kufuneka uchongwe kwaye uphathwe ngokukhawuleza. Umzekelo, ukuba isifo sentliziyo sibangele imeko, kufuneka inyangwe kwangoko.

Amayeza anokusetyenziswa abandakanya:

• Umchamo osusa ulwelo oluninzi emzimbeni
• Amayeza aqinisa imisipha yentliziyo, alawule ukubetha kwentliziyo, okanye akhulule uxinzelelo entliziyweni
• Amanye amayeza xa ukusilela kwentliziyo ayingonobangela we-edema yemiphunga

Imbonakalo ixhomekeke kwisizathu. Imeko inokuba ngcono ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokuthe chu. Abanye abantu banokufuna ukusebenzisa umatshini wokuphefumla ixesha elide. Ukuba ayinyangwa, le meko inokubusongela ubomi.

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela ku-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Thatha onke amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe ukuba unesifo esinokukhokelela kwi-edema yemiphunga okanye kwimisipha yentliziyo ebuthathaka.

Ukulandela ukutya okusempilweni okunetyuwa eninzi kunye namafutha, kunye nokulawula ezinye izinto ezinobungozi kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa le meko.

Ukuxinana kwemiphunga; Amanzi emiphunga; Ukuxinana kwemiphunga; Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo-i-edema yemiphunga

• Amaphaphu
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla

UFelker GM, iTeerlink JR. Ukuchongwa kunye nolawulo lokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 24.

UMatthay MA, uMurray JF. Ukudumba kwemiphunga. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 62.

Rogers JG, O'Connor CM. Ukusilela kwentliziyo: i-pathophysiology kunye noxilongo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 52.