Isifo sembrane esichasene ne-anti-glomerular

Izifo ze-membrane ezingaphantsi kwe-anti-glomerular (izifo ezichasene ne-GBM) sisifo esinqabileyo esinokubandakanya ukusilela ngokukhawuleza kwezintso kunye nesifo semiphunga.

Ezinye iintlobo zesifo zibandakanya umphunga okanye izintso. Isifo esichasene ne-GBM sasisaziwa njengeGoodpasture syndrome.

Isifo esichasene ne-GBM sisifo sokuzimela. Kwenzeka xa amajoni omzimba ehlasela ngempazamo kwaye etshabalalisa izicwili zomzimba ezisempilweni. Abantu abanesi sifo bahlakulela izinto ezihlasela iprotein ebizwa ngokuba yi-collagen kwizingxobo zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni nakwiiyunithi zokucoca (glomeruli) zezintso.

Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba ngamagciwane omzimba angaphantsi kwamagciwane. Inwebu yangaphantsi eglomerular yinxalenye yezintso ezinceda ukuhluza inkunkuma kunye nolwelo olongezelelweyo egazini. Amachiza omzimba angaphantsi kwe-antiglomerular membrane antibodies ngokuchasene nale membrane. Banokonakalisa inwebu yangaphantsi, enokubangela ukonzakala kwezintso.

Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kuphazamiseka kubangelwa sisifo sokuphefumla kwintsholongwane okanye ngokuphefumla kwii-hydrocarbon solvents. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amajoni omzimba anokuhlasela amalungu okanye izicwili kuba iyaziphosisa kwezi ntsholongwane okanye kwimichiza yangaphandle.

Impendulo ephosakeleyo yamajoni omzimba ibangela ukopha kwiisaka zomoya zemiphunga kunye nokudumba kwiiyunithi zokucoca izintso.

Iimpawu zinokuthi zenzeke ngokuthe chu kwiinyanga okanye kwiminyaka, kodwa zihlala zikhula ngokukhawuleza ngaphezulu kweentsuku ukuya kwiiveki.

Ukuphelelwa ngumdla, ukudinwa kunye nokuba buthathaka ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuqala.

Iimpawu zemiphunga zingabandakanya:

• Ukukhohlela igazi
• Ukukhohlela owomileyo
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Izintso kunye nezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Umchamo wegazi
• Imvakalelo yokutsha xa uchama
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Ulusu oluthuthu
• Ukudumba (i-edema) kuyo nayiphi na indawo emzimbeni, ngakumbi emilenzeni

Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokugcwala kwamanzi. Umboneleli wezempilo unokuva izandi ezingaqhelekanga zentliziyo kunye nemiphunga xa umamele esifubeni ngestethoscope.

Iziphumo zovavanyo lomchamo zihlala zingaqhelekanga, kwaye zibonisa igazi kunye neeprotein kumchamo. Iiseli ezibomvu ezingaqhelekanga zinokubonwa.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zinokwenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lwe-membrane yangaphantsi ye-antiglomerular
• Irhasi yegazi ejikelezayo
• BUN
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-creatinine (iserum)
• I-biopsy yemiphunga
• Isifo sezintso

Injongo ephambili kukususa ii-antibodies eziyingozi egazini. Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• I-Plasmapheresis, esusa izilwa-buhlungu eziyingozi ukunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kwizintso nemiphunga.
• Amayeza e-Corticosteroid (njenge-prednisone) kunye namanye amachiza, acinezela okanye athulise amajoni omzimba.
• Amayeza afana ne-angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors kunye ne-angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), enceda ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• I-Dialysis, enokuthi yenziwe ukuba ukusilela kwezintso akusenakunyangwa.
• Ukufakelwa kwezintso, okunokwenziwa xa izintso zakho zingasasebenzi.

Unokuxelelwa ukuba unciphise ukutya kwakho ityuwa kunye nolwelo ukulawula ukudumba. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokucetyiswa ukutya okuneeprotein ezisezantsi ukuya kumodareyitha.

Ezi zixhobo zinokunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nesifo esichasene ne-GBM:

• IZiko leLizwe leSwekile kunye neZifo zeDigestive kunye neZintso- www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/glomerular-diseases/anti-gbm-goodpastures-disease
• Isiseko seNtso seLizwe- www.kidney.org/atoz/content/goodpasture
• Umbutho weSizwe weengxaki zoRare- rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/goodpasture-syndrome

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kubaluleke kakhulu. Imbonakalo iba mandundu ngakumbi ukuba izintso sele zonakele kakhulu xa unyango luqala. Umonakalo wemiphunga unokusukela kubumnene ukuya kubunzima.

Abantu abaninzi baya kufuna i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso.

Ukunganyangwa, le meko inokukhokelela nakweyiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo
• Isifo sokugqibela sezintso
• Ukungaphumeleli kwemiphunga
• Ngokukhawuleza i-glomerulonephritis eqhubekayo
• Ukopha kakhulu kwemiphunga (ukopha kwemiphunga)

Biza ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuba uvelisa umchamo omncinci, okanye unayo nayiphi na impawu yesifo esichasene ne-GBM.

Ungaze uphunga iglu okanye i-siphon petroli ngomlomo wakho, obeka imiphunga kwizinyibilikisi zehydrocarbon kwaye kunokubangela isifo.

Isifo sengqondo esifanelekileyo; Ngokukhawuleza i-glomerulonephritis eqhubekayo kunye nokuphuma kwegazi emiphungeni; Isifo se-renal syndrome; IGlomerulonephritis - ukopha kwimiphunga

• Ukunikezelwa kwegazi lezintso
• IGlomerulus kunye nephron

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IPhelps RG, Turner AN. Isifo se-membrane se-anti-glomerular esingaphantsi kwesifo kunye nesifo seGoodpasture. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, ii-eds. I-Clinical Nephrology epheleleyo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 24.

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