Pericarditis - emva kwentliziyo

I-Pericarditis kukudumba kunye nokudumba kwesigqubuthelo sentliziyo (pericardium). Inokwenzeka kwiintsuku okanye kwiiveki ezilandela isifo sentliziyo.

Iindidi ezimbini ze-pericarditis zinokwenzeka emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

I-pericarditis yokuqala: Le fomu ihlala ivela kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Ukudumba kunye nokudumba kukhula njengoko umzimba uzama ukucoca izihlunu zentliziyo ezigulayo.

Ukuhamba kwexesha emva kwexesha: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-Dressler syndrome. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yintlungu yokulimala kwasemva kwentliziyo okanye ipostcardiotomy pericarditis). Ihlala ikhula iiveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, uqhaqho lwentliziyo, okanye olunye umothuko entliziyweni. Inokwenzeka kwakhona kwiveki emva kokonzakala kwentliziyo. I-Dressler syndrome icingelwa ukuba yenzeke xa amajoni omzimba ehlasela ngempazamo izicwili zentliziyo.

Izinto ezikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu we-pericarditis zibandakanya:

• Ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kwangaphambili
• Utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo
• Umothuko wesifuba
• Uhlaselo lwentliziyo oluchaphazele ukutyeba kwentliziyo yemisipha yakho

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ixhala
• Intlungu yesifuba esivela kwi-pericardium edumbileyo entliziyweni. Intlungu inokuba bukhali, iqine okanye ityumke kwaye isenokuya entanyeni, egxalabeni, okanye esiswini. Intlungu inokuba mandundu xa uphefumla kwaye usiya xa uncike phambili, ume, okanye uhlale.
• Ingxaki yokuphefumla
• Ukukhohlela owomileyo
• Inqanaba lentliziyo elikhawulezayo (tachycardia)
• Ukudinwa
• Umkhuhlane (oqhelekileyo kuhlobo lwesibini lwe-pericarditis)
• UMalaise (ukugula ngokubanzi)
• Ukusasaza iimbambo (ukugoba okanye ukubamba isifuba) ngokuphefumla okunzulu

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kumamela intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga nge-stethoscope. Kunokubakho isandi sokurabha (esibizwa ngokuba kukukhuhlana okusokolisayo, ukuba ungabhidaniswa nokumbombozela kwentliziyo). Izandi zentliziyo ngokubanzi zinokuba buthathaka okanye zivakale kude.

Ulwakhiwo lolwelo kwisigqubuthelo sentliziyo okanye indawo ejikeleze imiphunga (i-pericardial effusion) ayiqhelekanga emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Kodwa, kuhlala kwenzeka kwabanye abantu abane-Dressler syndrome.

Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Iimpawu zokulimala kwe-Cardiac (i-CK-MB kunye ne-troponin inokukunceda ukuxelela i-pericarditis kwisifo sentliziyo)
• Isifuba se-CT scan
• I-MRI yesifuba
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram)
• Echocardiogram
• I-ESR (inqanaba lentlenga) okanye iprotein esebenzayo yeC (amanyathelo okuvuvukala)

Injongo yonyango kukwenza intliziyo isebenze ngcono kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu.

I-Aspirin inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukudumba kwe-pericardium. Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-colchicine lihlala lisetyenziswa ngokunjalo.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukugqithisa okungaphezulu okujikeleze intliziyo (ukungcola kwe-pericardial) kunokufuna ukususwa. Oku kwenziwa ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-pericardiocentesis. Ukuba iingxaki ziyavela, inxenye ye-pericardium ngamanye amaxesha inokufuna ukususwa ngotyando (i-pericardiectomy).

Le meko inokuphinda ibuye kwezinye iimeko.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-pericarditis zezi:

• I-tamponade yentliziyo
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo
• Ukunqongophala kwesisu

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Uba neempawu zesifo sokudumba komzimba emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ufumanise ukuba une-pericarditis kwaye iimpawu ziyaqhubeka okanye zibuye nangona unyango

Isinxibo seDressler; I-post-MI pericarditis; Isifo sokulimala emva kwentliziyo; Ipostcardiotomy pericarditis

• MI efanelekileyo
• IPericardium
• Ipost-MI pericarditis
• IPericardium

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I-LeWinter MM, izifo ze-Imerico M. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 83.

IMaisch B, Ristic AD. Izifo zePericardial. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, PM Kochanek, Fink MP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo soKhathalelo oluBalulekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahl. 84.