Uthintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy

Uthintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy lubhekisa kuseto lotshintsho kwindlela esebenza ngayo imisipha yentliziyo. Olu tshintsho lubangela ukuba intliziyo igcwalise kakubi (ixhaphake kakhulu) okanye icinezele kakubi (ayiqhelekanga kakhulu). Ngamanye amaxesha, zombini iingxaki zikhona.

Kwimeko yokuthintela i-cardiomyopathy, imisipha yentliziyo inobungakanani obuqhelekileyo okanye yandiswa kancinci. Uninzi lwexesha, ikwapompa ngokwesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, ayiphumli ngokwesiqhelo ngexesha phakathi kokubetha kwentliziyo xa igazi libuya emzimbeni (diastole).

Nangona eyona ngxaki iphambili kukuzaliswa ngokungaqhelekanga kwentliziyo, intliziyo ayinako ukumpompa igazi ngamandla xa isifo siqhubeka. Umsebenzi wentliziyo ongaqhelekanga unokuchaphazela imiphunga, isibindi kunye nezinye iinkqubo zomzimba. Uthintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy lunokuchaphazela zombini okanye amagumbi asezantsi ezentliziyo (ii-ventricles). Uthintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy yimeko enqabileyo. Oonobangela abaqhelekileyo zii-amyloidosis kunye nokuqaqamba kwentliziyo kwisizathu esingaziwayo. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka emva kokufakelwa kwentliziyo.

Ezinye izizathu zothintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy zibandakanya:

• Amyloidosis yentliziyo
• Isifo sentliziyo seCarcinoid
• Izifo zentliziyo yokugaya (endocardium), ezinje nge-endomyocardial fibrosis kunye ne-Loeffler syndrome (inqabile)
• Ukugcwala kwentsimbi (hemochromatosis)
• I-Sarcoidosis
• Ukuqhekeka emva kwemitha okanye i-chemotherapy
• Iscleroderma
• Izidumbu zentliziyo

Iimpawu zokusilela kwentliziyo zixhaphake kakhulu. Ezi mpawu zihlala zikhula kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ngamanye amaxesha ziqala ngesiquphe kwaye zinzima.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Khohlela
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla ezenzeka ebusuku, ngomsebenzi okanye xa ulele phantsi
• Ukudinwa kunye nokungakwazi ukuzilolonga
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ukudumba kwesisu
• Ukudumba kweenyawo namaqatha
• Ukubetha okungalinganiyo okanye okukhawulezayo

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukungakwazi ukugxila
• Iziphumo eziphantsi zomchamo
• Kufuneka uchame ebusuku (kubantu abadala)

Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa:

• Ukwandiswa (ukukhutshwa) okanye ukuvuthwa kwemithambo yentamo
• Ukwandiswa kwesibindi
• Imiphunga iyaqhekeka kunye nesandi esingaqhelekanga okanye esikude esifubeni esiviwe nge-stethoscope
• Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwizandla nasezinyaweni
• Iimpawu zokusilela kwentliziyo

Uvavanyo lwe-cardiomyopathy ethintelayo lubandakanya:

• I-catheterization yentliziyo kunye ne-coronary angiography
• Isifuba se-CT scan
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram)
• Echocardiogram kunye nesifundo seDoppler
• I-MRI yentliziyo
• Ukuskena kwentliziyo yenyukliya (MUGA, RNV)
• Izifundo zentsimbi yeSerum
• Uvavanyo lweprotini yeSerum kunye nomchamo

Uthintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy lunokubonakala lufana ne-pericarditis enyanzelekileyo. I-catheterization yentliziyo inokunceda ekuqinisekiseni isifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-biopsy yentliziyo inokufuneka.

Imeko ebangela ukuba i-cardiomyopathy inyangwe xa inokufumaneka.

Zimbalwa unyango ezaziwa ngokusebenza kakuhle kuthintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy. Injongo ephambili yonyango kukulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi.

Olu nyango lulandelayo lunokusetyenziselwa ukulawula iimpawu okanye ukuthintela iingxaki:

• Amayeza okucoca igazi
• I-Chemotherapy (kwezinye iimeko)
• Umchamo wokususa ulwelo kunye nokunceda ukuphucula ukuphefumla
• Amayeza okuthintela okanye ukulawula isingqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga
• I-Steroids okanye i-chemotherapy yezinye izizathu

Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo kunokuqwalaselwa ukuba umsebenzi wentliziyo ulihlwempu kwaye iimpawu zinzima.

Abantu abanale meko bahlala bekhula ukusilela kwentliziyo okuya kusiba mandundu. Iingxaki ezinesingqi senhliziyo okanye "ezivuzayo" zevalvu zentliziyo zinokwenzeka.

Abantu abanesithintelo se-cardiomyopathy banokuba ngabagqatswa bokufakwa kwentliziyo. Imbonakalo ixhomekeke kwisizathu sale meko, kodwa ihlala ihlwempuzekile. Ukusinda emva kokuxilongwa kunokudlula iminyaka eli-10.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba uneempawu zothintelo lwe-cardiomyopathy.

I-Cardiomyopathy - isithintelo; Ukungena kwe-cardiomyopathy; Idiopathic myocardial fibrosis

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili

UFalk RH, uHershberger RE. I-cardiomyopathies edibeneyo, ethintelayo, kunye ne-infiltrative. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 77.

UMcKenna WJ, uElliott PM. Izifo ze-myocardium kunye ne-endocardium. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 54.