Angina ezinzile

I-angina ezinzileyo yintlungu yesifuba okanye ukungonwabi okuhlala kwenzeka ngomsebenzi okanye uxinzelelo lweemvakalelo.U-Angina ngenxa yokuhamba gwenxa kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi entliziyweni.

Imisipha yentliziyo yakho ifuna ukufumaneka oksijini rhoqo. Imithambo yegazi ihambisa igazi eline-oksijini entliziyweni.

Xa isisipha sentliziyo kufuneka sisebenze nzima, sidinga ioksijini engakumbi. Iimpawu ze-angina zenzeka xa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwizihlunu zentliziyo kuncitshisiwe. Oku kwenzeka xa imithambo yegazi incitshisiwe okanye ivalwe yi-atherosclerosis okanye ligazi.

Unobangela oqhelekileyo we-angina sisifo semithambo yegazi. I-Angina pectoris ligama lonyango lolu hlobo lwentlungu yesifuba.

I-angina ezinzileyo ayinzulu kangako kune-angina engazinzanga, kodwa inokuba buhlungu kakhulu okanye ingonwabisi.

Zininzi izinto ezinobungozi besifo se-coronary disease. Ezinye zibandakanya:

• Seswekile
• Igazi elonyukayo
• I-cholesterol ephezulu yeLDL
• I-cholesterol ye-HDL ephantsi
• Ukuhlala nje kuphela
• Ukutshaya
• Ukwaluphala
• Isini sendoda

Nantoni na eyenza ukuba imisipha yentliziyo ifune ioksijini engaphezulu okanye inciphise inani leoksijini eliyifumanayo inokubangela uhlaselo lwe-angina kumntu onesifo sentliziyo, kubandakanya:

• Imozulu ebandayo
• Zilolonge
• Uxinzelelo lweemvakalelo
• Ukutya okukhulu

Ezinye izizathu ze-angina zibandakanya:

• Iingqungquthela zentliziyo engaqhelekanga (intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye isingqi senhliziyo yakho asiqhelekanga)
• Ukunqongophala kwegazi
• I-Coronary artery spasm (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Prinzmetal angina)
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Isifo sentliziyo sentliziyo
• Hyperthyroidism (idyroid esebenzayo)

Iimpawu ze-angina ezinzileyo zihlala ziqikelelwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba inani elifanayo lokuzilolonga okanye umsebenzi unokubangela ukuba i-angina yakho yenzeke. I-angina yakho kufuneka iphucule okanye ihambe xa uyeka okanye unciphise umthambo.

Olona phawu luqhelekileyo sisifo esifubeni esenzeka ngasemva kwethambo lesifuba okanye kancinane ngasekhohlo kwalo. Intlungu ye-angina ezinzileyo ihlala iqala kancinci kwaye iba mandundu kwimizuzu embalwa elandelayo ngaphambi kokuba ihambe.

Ngokwesiqhelo, iintlungu zesifuba zivakalelwa njengokuxinana, uxinzelelo olunzima, ukuntywila, okanye ukuziva utyhafile. Inokusasazeka kwi:

• Ingalo (amaxesha amaninzi ekhohlo)
• Emva
• Umhlathi
• Intamo
• Igxalaba

Abanye abantu bathi iintlungu zivakalelwa njengegesi okanye ukungaginyisi mathe.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-angina zingabandakanya:

• Ukudinwa
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ubuthathaka
• Utywala okanye intloko
• Isihlunu, ukugabha nokubila
• Iipalpitations

Ubuhlungu obuvela kwi-angina ezinzileyo:

• Eyona nto ihlala iqhubeka nomsebenzi okanye uxinzelelo
• Ihlala umyinge we-1 ukuya kwi-15 yemizuzu
• Uyakhululwa ngokuphumla okanye iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-nitroglycerin

Uhlaselo lwe-Angina lunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha emini. Rhoqo zenzeka phakathi kwentsimbi yesi-6 kusasa nangokuhlwa.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakukuvavanya kwaye ajonge uxinzelelo lwegazi. Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-Coronary angiography
• Iprofayile ye-cholesterol yegazi
• ECG
• Uvavanyo lokunyamezela (uvavanyo loxinzelelo okanye uvavanyo lwetreadmill)
• Uvavanyo lwexinzelelo lwenyukliya (thallium)
• Uxinzelelo lwe-echocardiogram
• Ukuskena kwentliziyo kwe-CT

Unyango lwe-angina lunokubandakanya:

• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
• Amayeza
• Iinkqubo ezinje nge-coronary angiography ene-stent placement
• Umthambo weCoronary ugqitha ngotyando

Ukuba une-angina, wena nomboneleli wakho niza kuphuhlisa isicwangciso sonyango semihla ngemihla. Esi sicwangciso kufuneka sibandakanye:

• Amayeza owathathayo ukuthintela i-angina
• Izinto onokuzenza kunye nezo kufuneka uziphephe
• Amayeza ekufuneka uwathathe xa uneentlungu ze-angina
• Iimpawu ezithetha ukuba i-angina yakho iya isiba mandundu
• Xa kufuneka ubize ugqirha okanye ufumane uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo

AMAYEZA

Kuya kufuneka uthathe iyeza elinye okanye nangaphezulu ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile, okanye amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol. Landela izikhokelo zomboneleli wakho ngokukhawuleza ukukunceda ukukhusela i-angina yakho ukuba ibe yimbi.

Iipilisi zeNitroglycerin okanye ukutshiza kunokusetyenziselwa ukumisa iintlungu esifubeni.

Amachiza okulwa ne-anti-clotting anje nge-aspirin kunye ne-clopidogrel (Plavix), i-ticagrelor (i-Brilinta) okanye i-prasugrel (i-Effient) inokunceda ekuthinteleni amahlwili egazi angene kwimithambo yakho kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ufanele ukuthatha la mayeza.

Kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe amayeza amaninzi ukukunceda ukuba ungabinayo i-angina. Oku kubandakanya:

• I-ACE inhibitors ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokukhusela intliziyo yakho
• I-Beta-blockers ukwehlisa ukubetha kwentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokusetyenziswa kweoksijini yintliziyo
• I-calcium channel blocker yokuphumla kwimithambo, uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi, kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo entliziyweni
• AmaNitrate ukunceda ukuthintela i-angina
• Ranolazine (Ranexa) ukunyanga i-angina engapheliyo

Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha naziphi na ezi ziyobisi ngokwakho. Soloko uthetha nomboneleli wakho kuqala. Ukuyekisa la machiza ngequbuliso kunokwenza ukuba i-angina yakho ibe mandundu okanye kubangele isifo sentliziyo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwiziyobisi ezichasayo (i-aspirin, i-clopidogrel, i-ticagrelor kunye ne-prasugrel).

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa ngenkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo ukunceda ukuphucula impilo yentliziyo yakho.

UNYANGO OLUQHAWULAYO

Abanye abantu baya kuba nakho ukulawula i-angina ngamayeza kwaye abadingi kuqhaqho. Abanye baya kufuna inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-angioplasty kunye nokubekwa kwesitent (ebizwa ngokuba yi-percutaneous coronary ungenelelo) ukuvula imithambo evaliweyo okanye emxinwa enikezela igazi entliziyweni.

Iibhlokhi ezinganyangekiyo nge-angioplasty zinokufuna ukugqitha kwentliziyo ukuhambisa kwakhona ukuhamba kwegazi kujikeleze imithambo yegazi emxinwa okanye evaliweyo.

I-angina ezinzileyo ihlala iphucula xa usela amayeza.

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko ukuba unentlungu entsha, engachazwanga yesifuba okanye uxinzelelo. Ukuba ukhe waba no-angina ngaphambili, tsalela umnikezeli wakho umnxeba.

Tsalela umnxeba kwi-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo:

• Ngaba akukho bhetele kwimizuzu emi-5 emva kokuba uthathe i-nitroglycerin
• Ayipheli emva kweedosi ezi-3 ze-nitroglycerin
• Iya isiba mandundu
• Ibuyisa emva kokuba i-nitroglycerin incede ekuqaleni

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unempawu ze-angina rhoqo
• Uno angina xa uhleli (rest angina)
• Uziva udiniwe rhoqo
• Uziva utyhafile okanye unentloko encinci
• Intliziyo yakho ibetha kancinci (ngaphantsi kwe-60 beats ngomzuzu) okanye ngokukhawuleza kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-120 beats ngomzuzu), okanye ayizinzanga (rhoqo)
• Unengxaki yokuthatha amayeza entliziyo
• Unazo naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko ukuba umntu one-angina ulahlekelwa yingqondo (uyafa).

Umngcipheko yinto malunga nawe eyonyusa amathuba akho okufumana isifo okanye imeko ethile yempilo.

Eminye yemingcipheko yesifo sentliziyo awukwazi ukuyitshintsha, kodwa ezinye unako. Ukutshintsha izinto ezinobungozi onokuzilawula kuya kukunceda uphile ubomi obude, obunempilo.

Angina - uzinzile; Angina - ezingapheliyo; IAngina pectoris; Intlungu esifubeni - angina; CAD - angina; Imithambo yegazi Coronary - angina; Isifo sentliziyo - angina

• Angina - ukubhobhoza
• UAngina-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• UAngina - xa unentlungu esifubeni
• Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo- ukubuza ugqirha

• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• Angina ezinzile

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UMorrow DA, de Lemos JA .. Isifo sentliziyo esomeleleyo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 61.

UWhelton PK, uCarey RM, uAronow WS, et al. I-2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA isikhokelo sothintelo, ukufumanisa, ukuvavanya, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kubantu abadala: isishwankathelo sesigqeba: ingxelo yeAmerican College of I-Cardiology / iAmerican Heart Association Task Force kwiZikhokelo zokuziqhelanisa neKlinikhi. J NdinguColl Cardiol. 2018; 71 (19) 2199-2269. IINKCUKACHA: 29146533 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146533/.