ICholestasis

I-cholestasis yiyo nayiphi na imeko apho ukuhamba kwenyongo kwisibindi kucothisa okanye kuvaliwe.

Zininzi izinto ezibangela icholestasis.

I-cholestasis ye-Extrahepatic yenzeka ngaphandle kwesibindi. Ingabangelwa ngu:

• Amathumba ebhokhwe ebile
• Iingqungquthela
• Ukunciphisa i-bile duct (ukuqina)
• Amatye kwi-bile duct eqhelekileyo
• Ipancreatitis
• I-Pancreatic tumor okanye ipseudocyst
• Uxinzelelo kwimibhobho ye-bile ngenxa yobunzima obusondeleyo okanye i-tumor
• Isiseko se-sclerosing cholangitis

I-cholestasis ye-Intrahepatic yenzeka ngaphakathi kwesibindi. Ingabangelwa ngu:

• Isifo sesibindi esinxilisayo
• Amyloidosis
• Ithumba lebhakteria esibindini
• Ukutyiswa kuphela ngomthambo (IV)
• KwiLymphoma
• Ukukhulelwa
• I-cirrhosis yamabanga aphantsi
• Isifo somhlaza wesibindi sokuqala okanye se-metastatic
• Isiseko se-sclerosing cholangitis
• I-Sarcoidosis
• Usulelo olunzulu oluye lwasasazeka kwigazi (sepsis)
• Isifo sephepha
• Intsholongwane yesibindi

Amayeza athile anokubangela ne cholestasis, kubandakanya:

• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, njenge-ampicillin kunye nezinye iipenicillin
• I-Anabolic steroids
• Iipilisi zokulawula inzala
• Chlorpromazine
• Cimetidine
• I-Estradiol
• Imipramine
• Iprochlorperazine
• I-Terbinafine
• ITolbutamide

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Umbala wodongwe okanye isitulo esimhlophe
• Umchamo omnyama
• Ukungakwazi ukwetyisa ukutya okuthile
• Ukurhawuzelela
• Isihlunu okanye ukugabha
• Intlungu kwinxalenye ephezulu yesisu
• Isikhumba esimthubi okanye amehlo

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokubonisa ukuba uphakamise i-bilirubin kunye ne-alkaline phosphatase.

Iimvavanyo zokulinganisa zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa le meko. Uvavanyo lubandakanya:

• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kwesisu
• I-MRI yesisu
• I-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), inokuchonga unobangela
• I-Ultrasound yesisu

Unobangela oyintloko we cholestasis kufuneka unyangwe.

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kwisifo esibangela imeko. Amatye kwi-bile duct eqhelekileyo anokuhlala esuswa. Oku kunokunyanga cholestasis.

Ama-stents angabekwa kwiindawo ezivulekileyo zendlela eqhelekileyo ye-bile eyancitshiswayo okanye ivalwe ngumhlaza.

Ukuba imeko ibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kweyeza elithile, liya kuhlala liphela xa uyeka ukuthatha elo chiza.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Urhudo
• Ukusilela komzimba kunokwenzeka ukuba i-sepsis iyakhula
• Ukufunxwa kakubi kwamafutha kunye namavithamini anyibilikayo
• Ukulunywa okumandla
• Amathambo abuthathaka (osteomalacia) ngenxa yokuba necholestasis ixesha elide kakhulu

Shayela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unayo:

• Ukurhawuzelela okungahambiyo
• Isikhumba esimthubi okanye amehlo
• Ezinye iimpawu zecholestasis

Gonyelwa i-hepatitis A kunye no-B ukuba usemngciphekweni. Sukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezifakwe emithanjeni kwaye nabelane ngeenaliti.

Cholestasis yangaphakathi; I-cholestasis eyongezelelweyo

• Amatye egall
• Inyongo
• Inyongo

I-Eaton JE, uLindor KD. I-cholangitis yamabanga aphantsi. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Esiswini kunye nezifo zesibindi. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahl. 91.

UFogel EL, uSherman S. Izifo ze-gallbladder kunye ne-bile ducts. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 146.

ILidofsky SD. I-jaundice. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: Isahluko 21.