Umhlaza wepancreatic

Umhlaza wepancreatic ngumhlaza oqala kwiipancreas.

Ipancreas lilungu elikhulu emva kwesisu. Yenza kwaye ikhuphe ii-enzymes emathunjini anceda umzimba ukuba ucole kwaye ufunxe ukutya, ngakumbi amafutha. Iipancreas zenza kwaye zikhuphe i-insulin kunye neglucagon. Ezi zihormoni ezinceda umzimba ulawule amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wepancreatic. Uhlobo luxhomekeke kwiseli ongena kuyo umhlaza. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• I-Adenocarcinoma, olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wepancreatic
• Ezinye iintlobo ezinqabileyo zibandakanya i-glucagonoma, i-insulinoma, i-islet cell tumor, i-VIPoma

Oyena nobangela womhlaza wepancreatic awaziwa. Kuqheleke kakhulu ebantwini:

• Batyebile
• Yiba nokutya okunamafutha amaninzi kunye neziqhamo nemifuno ephantsi
• Unesifo seswekile
• Ukubonakaliswa kwexesha elide kwiikhemikhali ezithile
• Unokudumba kwexesha elide kwepancreas (pancreatitis engapheliyo)
• Umsi

Umngcipheko womhlaza wepancreatic uyonyuka kunye nobudala. Imbali yosapho yesi sifo ikwonyusa kancinci amathuba okuba nesi sifo.

I-tumor (umhlaza) kwi-pancreas inokukhula ngaphandle kwempawu ekuqaleni. Oku kuthetha ukuba umhlaza uhlala uhambela phambili xa ufunyanwa okokuqala.

Iimpawu zomhlaza wepancreatic zibandakanya:

• Urhudo
• Umchamo omnyama kunye nezihlalo ezinemibala yodongwe
• Ukudinwa kunye nokuba buthathaka
• Ukunyuka ngesiquphe kwinqanaba leswekile yegazi (isifo seswekile)
• IJaundice (umbala omthubi eluswini, inwebu yangaphakathi, okanye inwebu emhlophe yamehlo) kunye nokurhawuzelela ulusu
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokwehla kobunzima
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Intlungu okanye ukungahambi kakuhle kwindawo ephezulu yesisu okanye isisu

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho. Ngexesha loviwo, umboneleli unokuziva esisigaxa (isisindo) esiswini sakho.

Uvavanyo lwegazi olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wesibindi
• Isirum bilirubin

Ukujonga iimvavanyo ezinoku-odolwa kubandakanya:

• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kwesisu
• I-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
• I-endoscopic ultrasound
• I-MRI yesisu

Ukuchongwa komhlaza wepancreatic (kwaye loluphi uhlobo) olwenziwe yipancreatic biopsy.

Ukuba iimvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba unomdlavuza wepancreatic, kuya kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo ukubona ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwepancreas. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yistage. Ukubeka esiteji kunceda ukukhokela unyango kwaye kukunike umbono wokuba ungalindela ntoni.

Unyango lwe-adenocarcinoma luxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-tumor.

Utyando lunokwenziwa ukuba ithumba alisasazekanga okanye lisasazeke kancinci. Kunye nokuhlinzwa, ichemotherapy okanye unyango ngemitha okanye zombini zinokusetyenziswa ngaphambi okanye emva kotyando. Inani elincinci labantu linokunyangeka ngale ndlela yonyango.

Xa ithumba lingasasazekanga kwipancreas kodwa lingenakususwa ngotyando, ichemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha ngokudibeneyo kunokucetyiswa.

Xa i-tumor isasazekile (i-metastasized) kwamanye amalungu afana nesibindi, i-chemotherapy yodwa isetyenziswa rhoqo.

Ngomhlaza ophambili, injongo yonyango kukulawula iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu. Umzekelo, ukuba ityhubhu ephethe i-bile ivinjiwe yi-pancreatic tumor, inkqubo yokubeka ityhubhu encinci yentsimbi (i-stent) inokwenziwa ukuvula ukuvalwa. Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni i-jaundice, kunye nokubamba kwesikhumba.

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Abanye abantu abanomhlaza wepancreatic onokuthi ususwe ngonyango bayanyangeka. Kodwa kuninzi lwabantu, ithumba lisasazekile kwaye alinakususwa ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokuchongwa.

I-Chemotherapy kunye ne-radiation zihlala zinikwa emva kotyando ukonyusa inqanaba lokunyanga (oku kubizwa ngokuba lonyango oluncedisayo). Kumhlaza wepancreatic ongenakususwa ngokupheleleyo ngotyando okanye umhlaza osasazeke ngaphaya kwepancreas, unyango alunakwenzeka. Kule meko, i-chemotherapy inikezelwa ukuphucula nokwandisa ubomi bomntu.

Biza ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuba unayo:

• Isisu okanye iintlungu zangasemva ezingahambiyo
• Ukuqhubeka nokuphulukana nomdla wokutya
• Ukudinwa okungachazwanga okanye ukunciphisa umzimba
• Ezinye iimpawu zesi sifo

Amanyathelo othintelo abandakanya:

• Ukuba uyatshaya, ngoku lixesha lokuba uyeke.
• Yitya ukutya okuphezulu kwiziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.
• Zilolonge rhoqo ukuze uhlale kubunzima obusempilweni.

Umhlaza wepancreatic; Umhlaza - injeke

• Inkqubo yokwetyisa
• Amadlala endocrine
• Umhlaza wepancreatic, CT scan
• Iipancreas
• Uthintelo lweBiliary - uthotho

UYesu-Acosta AD, uNarang A, uMauro L, uHerman J, uJaffee EM, uLaheru DA. I-Carcinoma yepancreas. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 78.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lomhlaza wepancreatic (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/pancreatic/hp/pancreatic-nyango-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJulayi 15, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngo-Agasti 27, 2019.

Iwebhusayithi yeNethiwekhi yeCancer epheleleyo yoMhlaza. Isikhokelo sonyango se-NCCN kwi-oncology: i-pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Inguqulelo 3.2019. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/pancreatic.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJulayi 2, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngo-Agasti 27, 2019.

IShires GT, iWilfong LS. Umhlaza wepancreatic, cystic pancreatic neoplasms, kunye nezinye izidumbu zepancreatic ezingezizo ezendalo. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 60.