Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi

I-ulcerative colitis yimeko apho ulwelwesi lwamathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni) kunye ne-rectum ziya kudumba. Luhlobo lwesifo sokukrala kwamathumbu (IBD). Isifo sikaCrohn yimeko enxulumene noko.

Isizathu se-ulcerative colitis asiyazi. Abantu abanale meko baneengxaki kumajoni omzimba. Nangona kunjalo, akucaci ukuba iingxaki zomzimba zibangela esi sifo. Uxinzelelo kunye nokutya okuthile kunokubangela iimpawu, kodwa azibangeli ulcerative colitis.

I-ulcerative colitis inokuchaphazela naliphi na iqela leminyaka. Kukho iincopho phakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-30 kwaye kwakhona kubudala beminyaka engama-50 ukuya kuma-70.

Esi sifo siqala kummandla wecala. Inokuhlala kwi-rectum okanye isasazeke kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zesisu. Nangona kunjalo, esi sifo asiweleli kwiindawo. Inokubandakanya amathumbu amakhulu onke ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya imbali yosapho ye-ulcerative colitis okanye ezinye izifo ezenzekelayo, okanye ukhokho wamaJuda.

Iimpawu zinokuba nzima okanye zingaphantsi. Zingaqala kancinci okanye ngequbuliso. Isiqingatha sabantu sineempawu ezibuthathaka. Abanye bafumana uhlaselo oluqatha olwenzeka rhoqo. Zininzi izinto ezinokukhokelela kuhlaselo.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu esiswini (esiswini) kunye necramping.
• Isandi sokugungxula okanye sokutshiza seva phezu kwamathumbu.
• Igazi kunye nepus esitulweni.
• Urhudo, ukusuka kwiziqendu ezimbalwa ukuya rhoqo.
• Ifiva.
• Uziva ukuba ufuna ukupasa ilindle, nangona izibilini zakho sele zingenanto. Inokubandakanya ukuxhwaleka, iintlungu, kunye necramping (tenesmus).
• Ukuhla ukusinda.

Ukukhula kwabantwana kunokucotha.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke nge-ulcerative colitis zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Intlungu edibeneyo kunye nokudumba
• Izilonda zomlomo (izilonda)
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Amaqhuma elusu okanye izilonda

IColonoscopy ene-biopsy ihlala isetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo se-ulcerative colitis. IColonoscopy ikwasetyenziselwa ukujonga abantu abane-ulcerative colitis yomhlaza wekolon.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokwenziwa ukunceda ukufumanisa le meko kubandakanya:

• I-enema yeBarium
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Iprotheni esebenzayo yeC (CRP)
• Izinga le-sedimentation ye-Erythrocyte (ESR)
• I-stool calprotectin okanye i-lactoferrin
• Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody ngegazi

Ngamanye amaxesha, kuvavanyo lwamathumbu amancinci kuyadingeka ukwahlula phakathi kwe-ulcerative colitis kunye nesifo seCrohn, kubandakanya:

• Ukuskena i-CT
• IMRI
• Endoscopy ephezulu okanye isifundo secapsule
• MR ubuchule

Iinjongo zonyango zezi:

• Lawula uhlaselo olubi
• Thintela uhlaselo oluphindaphindiweyo
• Nceda ikholoni iphilise

Ngexesha lesiganeko esibi, unokufuna ukunyangwa esibhedlele ngenxa yohlaselo oluqatha. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-corticosteroids. Unokunikwa izakha mzimba ngomthambo (IV line).

UKUTYA KUNYE NEZONDLO

Iindidi ezithile zokutya zinokubangela urhudo kunye neempawu zerhasi. Le ngxaki inokuba mandundu ngakumbi ngexesha lesifo esisebenzayo. Iingcebiso ngokutya zibandakanya:

• Yitya ukutya okuncinci imini yonke.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi (sela intwana encinci imini yonke).
• Gwema ukutya okunefayibha ephezulu (ibran, iimbotyi, amandongomane, iimbewu kunye nepopcorn).
• Kuphephe ukutya okunamafutha, okunamafutha okanye okuthosiweyo kunye neesosi (ibhotolo, imajarini, kunye nekhrim enzima).
• Nciphisa iimveliso zobisi ukuba awunyamezeli i-lactose. Iimveliso zobisi ziyimithombo efanelekileyo yeprotheni kunye ne-calcium.

UXINZELELO

Unokuziva ukhathazekile, uneentloni, okanye ulusizi okanye uxinezelekile malunga nengozi yamathumbu. Ezinye izinto ezixinzelelekileyo ebomini bakho, njengokuhamba, okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi okanye umntu omthandayo kunokubangela ukwanda kweengxaki zokutya.

Cela iingcebiso kumboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nendlela yokulawula uxinzelelo.

AMAYEZA

Amayeza anokusetyenziselwa ukunciphisa inani lohlaselo kubandakanya:

• I-5-aminosalicylates efana ne-mesalamine okanye i-sulfasalazine, enokunceda ukulawula iimpawu eziphakathi. Ezinye iintlobo zeziyobisi zithathwa ngomlomo. Abanye kufuneka bafakwe kwi-rectum.
• Amayeza okuzolisa amajoni omzimba.
• ICorticosteroids enje nge-prednisone. Banokuthathwa ngomlomo ngexesha lokuvutha okanye bafakwe kwi-rectum.
• Ama-immunomodulators, amayeza athathwe ngomlomo achaphazela amajoni omzimba, njenge-azathioprine kunye ne-6-MP.
• Unyango lwe-Biologic, ukuba awuphenduli kwamanye amayeza.
• I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) inokunceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu. Gwema iziyobisi ezifana ne-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), okanye naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn). Oku kunokwenza iimpawu zakho zibe mandundu.

UKUGQIBELA

Utyando lokususa ikholoni luza kunyanga i-ulcerative colitis kunye nokususa isoyikiso somhlaza wekolon. Unokufuna utyando ukuba unayo:

• Colitis engaphenduliyo kunyango olupheleleyo lonyango
• Utshintsho kuludwe lwekholoni olubonisa ukwanda komngcipheko womhlaza
• Iingxaki ezinzima, njengokuqhekeka kwekholon, ukopha kakhulu, okanye i-megacolon enetyhefu

Uninzi lwexesha, ikholoni yonke, kubandakanya i-rectum, iyasuswa. Emva kotyando, unokuba:

• Ukuvulwa esiswini sakho okubizwa ngokuba yi-stoma (ileostomy). I-Stool iya kukhupha ngaphandle kokuvula.
• Inkqubo edibanisa amathumbu amancinci ukuya kwi-anus ukufumana umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wamathumbu.

Inkxaso kwezentlalo ihlala ikunceda kuxinzelelo lokujongana nokugula, kwaye amalungu eqela lenkxaso anokuba neengcebiso eziluncedo zokufumana olona nyango lulungileyo nokujongana nale meko.

ICrohn's kunye neColitis Foundation yaseMelika (CCFA) inolwazi kunye namakhonkco okuxhasa amaqela.

Iimpawu zithambile malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-ulcerative colitis. Iimpawu ezibi kakhulu kunqabile ukuba ziphendule kakuhle kumayeza.

Unyango lunokwenzeka kuphela ngokususwa okupheleleyo kwethumbu elikhulu.

Umngcipheko womhlaza wekolon ukwanda kwishumi ngalinye leminyaka emva kokufumana isifo se-ulcerative colitis.

Unomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza kunye nesifo somhlaza xa unesifo sezilonda zesilonda. Ngexesha elithile, umboneleli wakho uya kuncomela iimvavanyo kwisikrini somhlaza wekolon.

Iziqendu ezibi kakhulu eziphindaphindayo zinokubangela ukuba iindonga zamathumbu ziqiniswe, zikhokelela ku:

• Ukunciphisa iColon okanye ukucima (okuqhelekileyo kwisifo sikaCrohn)
• Iziqendu zokopha kakhulu
• Izifo ezomeleleyo
• Ukwandiswa ngesiquphe (ukwanda) kwamathumbu amakhulu ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwezimbalwa (ityhefu enkulu)
• Iinyembezi okanye imingxunya (ukugqobhoza) kwikholoni
• Anemia, ubalo lwegazi olusezantsi

Iingxaki zokufunxa izondlo zingakhokelela ku:

• Ukucutha amathambo (i-osteoporosis)
• Iingxaki zokugcina ubunzima obunempilo
• Ukukhula kancinci kunye nokukhula kwabantwana
• Anemia okanye ubalo lwegazi olusezantsi

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke zibandakanya:

• Uhlobo lwe-arthritis oluchaphazela amathambo kunye namajoyina kwisiseko somgudu, apho idibanisa ne-pelvis (i-ankylosing spondylitis)
• Isifo sesibindi
• Ithenda, amaqhuma abomvu (maqhuqhuva) phantsi kolusu, anokujika abe zizilonda kulusu
• Izilonda okanye ukudumba kwiliso

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Uphuhlisa iintlungu zesisu eziqhubekayo, ukopha okutsha okanye ukonyuka, umkhuhlane ongapheliyo, okanye ezinye iimpawu zesifo sokudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi
• Unesifo sokudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi kwaye iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mbi okanye azenzi ngcono ngonyango
• Uba neempawu ezintsha

Akukho sithintelo saziwayo kule meko.

Ukudumba kwesifo samathumbu - i-ulcerative colitis; IBD - ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi; Ukudumba; Proctitis; Ulcerative proctitis

• Ukutya kweBland
• Ukutshintsha ingxowa yakho ye-ostomy
• Urhudo-yintoni oza kuyibuza umboneleli wakho wezempilo-umntu omdala
• Ileostomy nomntwana wakho
• Ileostomy kunye nokutya kwakho
• Ileostomy - ukukhathalela i-stoma yakho
• Ileostomy-ukutshintsha ingxowa yakho
• Ileostomy - ukukhutshwa
• Ileostomy - yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukuthengiswa kwakhona okukhulu kwamathumbu - ukukhutshwa
• Ukuhlala neileostomy yakho
• Ukutya okune-fiber encinci
• Iyonke i-colectomy okanye iproctocolectomy-ukukhutshwa
• Iindidi zeileostomy
• I-ulcerative colitis - ukukhutshwa

• Colonoscopy
• Inkqubo yokwetyisa
• Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi

IGoldblum JR, amathumbu amakhulu. Ku: Goldblum JR, Izibane LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. Rosai kunye neAckerman's Pathology. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 17.

UMowat C, uCole A, uWindsor A, et al. Izikhokelo zolawulo lwezifo zesisu ezivuthayo kubantu abadala. Isibindi. Ngo-2011; 60 (5): 571-607. IINKCUKACHA: 21464096 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21464096/.

URubin DT, Ananthakrishnan AN, Siegel CA, Sauer BG, MD omde. Izikhokelo zeklinikhi ze-ACG: ulcerative colitis kubantu abadala. NdinguJ Gastroenterol. Ngo-2019: 114 (3): 384-413. IINKCUKACHA: 30840605 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30840605/.

Ungaro R, Mehandru S, Allen PB, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Colombel JF. Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi. ILancet. Ngo-2017; 389 (10080): 1756-1770. IINKCUKACHA: 27914657 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27914657/.