Ukunyangwa kwesifo somzimba

I-Shigellosis yintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane yangaphakathi yamathumbu. Kubangelwa liqela leentsholongwane elibizwa ngokuba yi-shigella.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zebacteria ze-shigella, kubandakanya:

• UShigella sonnei, ikwabizwa ngokuba "liqela D" shigella, inoxanduva lwamatyala amaninzi e-shigellosis e-United States.
• Shigella flexneri, okanye "iqela B" shigella, ibangela phantse onke amanye amatyala.
• I-Shigella isifo samathambo, okanye "iqela A" shigella inqabile eMelika. Nangona kunjalo, kunokukhokelela kuqhambuko olubulalayo kumazwe asaphuhlayo.

Abantu abosuleleke yintsholongwane bayikhuphela kwisitulo sabo. Bangazisasaza iintsholongwane emanzini okanye ekutyeni, okanye ngokuthe ngqo komnye umntu. Ukufumana intwana yebacteria yomlomo wakho kwanele ukubangela usulelo.

Ukuqhambuka kwe-shigellosis kunxulunyaniswa nococeko olubi, ukutya okungcolileyo namanzi, kunye neemeko zokuhlala ezixineneyo.

I-Shigellosis iqhelekile phakathi kwabahambi kumazwe asaphuhlayo kunye nabasebenzi okanye abahlali kwiinkampu zeembacu.

E-United States, imeko ihlala ibonwa kumaziko okugcina abantwana nakwiindawo apho kuhlala khona amaqela abantu, njengamakhaya abantu abalupheleyo.

Iimpawu zihlala zikhula malunga neentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-7 (umyinge weentsuku ezi-3) emva kokudibana neebhaktiriya.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• (Ngesiquphe) iintlungu esiswini okanye cramping
• Umkhuhlane ombi
• Igazi, i-mucus, okanye i-pus esitulweni
• Iintlungu zentlungu
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Urhudo olunamanzi nolunegazi

Ukuba unempawu ze-shigellosis, umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kujonga:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (alwanelanga ulwelo emzimbeni wakho) ngesantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ukuthamba kwesisu
• Inqanaba eliphakamileyo leeseli ezimhlophe egazini
• Isitulo senkcubeko ukujonga iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi

Injongo yonyango kukubuyisela ulwelo kunye nee-electrolyte (ityuwa kunye neeminerali) ezilahlekileyo kurhudo.

Amayeza ayekisa urhudo awanikezelwa kuba anokubangela ukuba usulelo luthathe ixesha elide ukuba luphele.

Amanyathelo okuzikhathalela ukunqanda ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kubandakanya ukusela izisombululo ze-electrolyte ukubuyisela ulwelo olulahlekileyo luhudo. Iindidi ezininzi zezisombululo ze-electrolyte ziyafumaneka ngaphezulu kwekhawuntari (ngaphandle kommiselo).

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokunceda ekunciphiseni ubude bokugula. La mayeza ayanceda ekuthinteleni ukugula kungasasazeki kwabanye kwiqela lokuhlala okanye kuseto lokhathalelo lwemini. Zingamiselwa nabantu abaneempawu ezinzima.

Ukuba unorhudo kwaye awukwazi ukusela ulwelo ngomlomo ngenxa yesicaphucaphu esomeleleyo, unokufuna ukhathalelo lonyango kunye nolwelo olufakwa ngaphakathi (IV). Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kubantwana abancinci abane-shigellosis.

Abantu abathatha i-diuretics ("iipilisi zamanzi") banokufuna ukuyeka ukuthatha la mayeza ukuba bane-shigella enteritis. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha naliphi na iyeza ungakhange uqale uthethe nomboneleli wakho.

Usulelo lunokuba nobumnene kwaye luhambe lodwa. Uninzi lwabantu, ngaphandle kwabantwana abangondlekanga kunye nabo banamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, bahlala bechacha ngokupheleleyo.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, kunzima
• I-Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), uhlobo lokungaphumeleli kwezintso kunye ne-anemia kunye neengxaki zokunqanda
• Isifo samathambo esisebenzayo

Malunga ne-1 kwabantwana abali-10 (abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15) abanesifo esiqatha se-shigella enteritis aba neengxaki zenkqubo yeemvakalelo. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuxhuzula okungathathi ntweni (okwabizwa ngokuba yi "fever fit") xa amaqondo obushushu enyuka ngokukhawuleza kwaye umntwana exhuzula. Isifo sengqondo (i-encephalopathy) kunye nentloko, ukunyaniseka, ukudideka kunye nentamo eqinile nayo inokukhula.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba urhudo aluphucuki, ukuba kukho igazi esitulweni, okanye ukuba kukho iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba ezi mpawu zenzeka kumntu one-shigellosis:

• Ukudideka
• Intloko ebuhlungu ngentamo elukhuni
• Ukuhamba
• Ukuxhuzula

Ezi mpawu zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni.

Uthintelo lubandakanya ukuphatha ngokufanelekileyo, ukugcina nokulungisa ukutya, kunye nococeko lomntu. Ukuhlamba izandla yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela i-shigellosis. Kuphephe ukutya namanzi anokungcoliseka.

IShigella gastroenteritis; IShigella enteritis; I-Enteritis - i-shigella; Gastroenteritis - shigella; Urhudo lomhambi - shigellosis

• Inkqubo yokwetyisa
• Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya
• Iintsholongwane

IMelia JMP, iiSears CL. I-enteritis esulelayo kunye neproctocolitis. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 110.

I-Keusch GT, ngaphezulu kwe-AKM. Ukunyangwa kwesifo somzimba. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 293.

IKotloff KL. Gastroenteritis Acute ebantwaneni. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 366.

I-Kotloff KL, i-Riddle MS, i-Platts-Mills JA, iPavlinac P, ngaphezulu kwe-AKM. Ukunyangwa kwesifo somzimba. ILancet. Ngo-2018; 391 (10122): 801-812. IINKCUKACHA: 29254859 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29254859/.