Inyaniso yehyperthyroidism

Inyaniso yehyperthyroidism iphezulu-kunesiqhelo amanqanaba ehomoni yegazi egazini kunye neempawu ezibonisa i-hyperthyroidism. Oku kwenzeka ngokuthatha iyeza le-thyroid elininzi.

Hyperthyroidism yaziwa ngokuba yi-thyroid engasebenzi.

Idlala lengqula livelisa iihomoni thyroxine (T4) kunye netriyodothyronine (T3). Kwiimeko ezininzi zehyperthyroidism, idlala lengqula ngokwalo livelisa okuninzi kwezi hormone.

I-Hyperthyroidism inokubangelwa kukuthatha amayeza e-thyroid amaninzi kwi-hypothyroidism. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-factistic hyperthyroidism. Xa oku kusenzeka kuba idosi emiselweyo yamayeza e-hormone iphezulu kakhulu, ibizwa ngokuba yi-iatrogenic, okanye ugqirha obangelwe, yihyperthyroidism. Oku kuqhelekile. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwenziwa ngenjongo (kwezinye izigulana ezinesifo sokudakumba okanye umhlaza wedlala lengqula), kodwa oku kuhlala kusenzeka kuba idosi ayitshintshwanga ngokusekwe kuvavanyo lwegazi olulandelayo.

Inyaniso yehyperthyroidism inokwenzeka xa umntu ethatha iihomoni ze-thyroid ngenjongo. Oku akuqhelekanga kakhulu. Aba banokuba ngabantu:

• Ngoobani abaneengxaki zengqondo ezinje ngeMunchausen syndrome
• Ngoobani abazama ukunciphisa umzimba
• Ngoobani abanyangwa uxinzelelo okanye ukungachumi
• Ngubani ofuna ukufumana imali kwinkampani yeinshurensi

Abantwana banokuthatha iipilisi zehomoni yedlala ngengozi.

Iimpawu ze-hyperthyroidism ezinobunyani ziyafana nezo zehyperthyroidism ebangelwa sisifo sedlala lengqula, ngaphandle kokuba:

• Akukho goiter. Idlala lengqula lihlala lincinci.
• Amehlo akabi namaqhuqhuva, njengoko esenza kwiGraves isifo (olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwehyperthyroidism).
• Ulusu ngaphaya kwe-shins alwenzi buqine, njengoko ngamanye amaxesha lusenza kubantu abanesifo se-Graves.

Uvavanyo lwegazi olusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa inyani yehyperthyroidism ibandakanya:

• T4 yasimahla
• I-Thyroglobulin
• Iyonke i-T3
• Iyonke i-T4
• I-TSH

Olunye uvavanyo olunokuthi lwenziwe kubandakanya ukuthatha i-iodine ye-radioactive okanye i-thyroid ultrasound.

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kukuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuthatha ihomoni ye-thyroid. Ukuba ufuna ukuyithatha, umboneleli wakho uya kunciphisa idosi.

Kuya kufuneka uphinde utshekishwe kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 ukuze uqiniseke ukuba iimpawu azikho. Oku kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Abantu abane-Munchausen syndrome baya kufuna unyango lwempilo yengqondo kunye nokulandelelwa.

Inyaniso yehyperthyroidism iya kuzicacisa yodwa xa uyeka ukuthatha okanye ukunciphisa idosi yedlala lengqula.

Xa inyani ye-hyperthyroidism ihlala ixesha elide, iingxaki ezifanayo njengokunganyangwa okanye ukungaphathwa kakuhle kwe-hyperthyroidism kunokukhula:

• Intliziyo engaqhelekanga (i-fibrillation ye-atrial)
• Ixhala
• Intlungu yesifuba (angina)
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima bethambo (ukuba buqatha, i-osteoporosis)
• Ukuhla ukusinda
• Ukungachumi
• Iingxaki zokulala

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba uneempawu zehyperthyroidism.

Idlala lengqula kufuneka lithathwe kuphela ngugqirha kwaye phantsi kweliso lomboneleli. Uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo luyafuneka rhoqo ukunceda umboneleli wakho ahlengahlengise idosi oyithathayo.

I-thyrotoxicosis efanelekileyo; I-Thyrotoxicosis factitia; Thyrotoxicosis medicamentosa; Inyaniso yehyperthyroxinemia

• Idlala lengqula

IHollenberg A, iWiersinga WM. Ukuphazamiseka kwehyperthyroid. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus, RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 12.

UKopp P. Ukusebenza ngokuzimela kwamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela i-thyrotoxicosis. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 85.