Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha

I-Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (hyperPP) sisifo esibangela amaxesha athile obuthathaka bemisipha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha aphezulu kunqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-potassium egazini. Igama lonyango kwinqanaba eliphezulu le potassium yihyperkalemia.

I-HyperPP yenye yeqela lokuphazamiseka kwemfuza okubandakanya ukukhubazeka kwe-hypokalemic periodic kunye ne-thyrotoxic periodic paralysis.

IHyperPP izelwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba ikhona ekuzalweni. Kwiimeko ezininzi, idluliswa kwiintsapho (ezizuzwe njengelifa) njengesifo esinegunya lokulawula isifo. Ngamanye amagama, ngumzali omnye kuphela ekufuneka eyidlulisile imfuza enxulumene nale meko emntwaneni wakhe ukuze umntwana achaphazeleke.

Ngamaxesha athile, imeko inokuba sisiphumo sengxaki yemfuza engazuzwanga njengelifa.

Kukholelwa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kunxulumene neengxaki ngendlela umzimba olawula ngayo amanqanaba esodiyam neepotassium kwiiseli.

Imiba yomngcipheko ibandakanya ukuba namanye amalungu osapho anokukhubazeka ngamaxesha athile. Ichaphazela amadoda nabasetyhini ngokulinganayo.

Iimpawu zibandakanya ukuhlaselwa kobuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukulahleka kokuhamba kwemisipha (ukukhubazeka) okuza kuhamba. Kukho amandla esihlunu aqhelekileyo phakathi kohlaselo.

Uhlaselo luhlala luqala ebuntwaneni. Kukangaphi uhlaselo lwenzeka luyahluka. Abanye abantu bahlaselwa kaninzi ngosuku. Ngokuqhelekileyo azinzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba zifuna unyango. Abanye abantu badibanise i-myotonia, apho abanako ukukhulula ngokukhawuleza izihlunu zabo emva kokusetyenziswa.

Ubuthathaka okanye ukukhubazeka:

• Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ivela emagxeni, ngasemva, nasezinqeni
• Isengabandakanya iingalo nemilenze, kodwa ayichaphazeli izihlunu zamehlo kunye nezihlunu ezinceda ngokuphefumla nokuginya
• Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ivela ngelixa uphumle emva komsebenzi okanye umthambo
• Inokwenzeka xa uvuka
• Ivela nangaphandle
• Ngokwesiqhelo ihlala imizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwiyure e-1, kodwa inokuhlala usuku lonke

Izinto ezinokubangela zinokubandakanya:

• Ukutya isidlo esikhulu se-carbohydrate
• Phumla emva kokuzilolonga
• Ukubonakaliswa kubanda
• Ukutsiba izidlo
  
• Ukutya ukutya okune-potassium okanye ukuthatha amayeza ane-potassium
• Uxinzelelo
  

Umboneleli wezempilo unokurhanela i-hyperPP esekwe kwimbali yosapho yokuphazamiseka. Eminye imikhondo yokuphazamiseka zizimpawu zobuthathaka bemisipha eziza kwaye zihambe neziphumo eziqhelekileyo okanye eziphezulu zovavanyo lwe potassium.

Phakathi kokuhlaselwa, uvavanyo lomzimba alubonisi nto ingaqhelekanga. Ngexesha naphakathi kokuhlaselwa, inqanaba legazi le-potassium linokuba yinto eqhelekileyo okanye ephezulu.

Ngethuba lokuhlaselwa, i-reflexes ye-muscle iyancipha okanye ayikho. Kwaye izihlunu ziyaqhwalela kunokuhlala ziqinile. Amaqela emisipha akufuphi nomzimba, njengamagxa kunye nesinqe, ayabandakanyeka rhoqo kuneengalo nemilenze.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG), enokuthi ibe yinto engaqhelekanga ngexesha lokuhlaselwa
• I-Electromyography (EMG), eqhelekileyo ngesiqhelo phakathi kohlaselo kunye nokungaqhelekanga ngexesha lokuhlaselwa
• I-biopsy yemisipha, enokubonisa ukungaqheleki

Olunye uvavanyo lunokuyalelwa ukuba lukhuphe ezinye izizathu.

Injongo yonyango kukhulula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela uhlaselo olongezelelweyo.

Uhlaselo kunqabile ukuba lube nzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba ludinga unyango olungxamisekileyo. Kodwa ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmias yentliziyo) nako kunokuvela ngexesha lokuhlaselwa, apho kufuneka unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ubuthathaka bemisipha bunokuba mandundu kukuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiweyo, ke unyango lokuthintela uhlaselo kufuneka lwenzeke ngokukhawuleza.

Iswekile okanye ezinye iicarbohydrate (iswekile) ezinikezwe ngexesha lokuhlaselwa zinokubunciphisa ubunzima beempawu. I-calcium okanye i-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi) zingadinga ukunikezelwa ngomthambo ukunqanda uhlaselo olukhawulezileyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, uhlaselo luyanyamalala kamva ebomini ngokwabo. Kodwa ukuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiweyo kunokukhokelela kubuthathaka obungapheliyo bemisipha.

I-HyperPP iphendula kakuhle kunyango. Unyango lunokuthintela, kwaye lusenokubuyisa umva, ubuthathaka obuqhubekayo bemisipha.

Iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangelwa yi-hyperPP zibandakanya:

• Amatye eentso (icala lesiphumo seyeza elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga imeko)
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha obuqhubeka buba mandundu

Shayela umnikezeli wakho ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unobuthakathaka obuthakathaka obuza kwaye buhamba, ngakumbi ukuba unamalungu entsapho anokukhubazeka ngamaxesha athile.

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911) ukuba uyaphela okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla, ukuthetha, okanye ukuginya.

Amayeza e-acetazolamide kunye ne-thiazides athintela uhlaselo kwiimeko ezininzi. I-potassium ephantsi, ukutya okuphezulu kwe-carbohydrate, kunye nokuzilolonga okuncinci kunokunceda ukuthintela uhlaselo. Ukuphepha ukuzila ukutya, umsebenzi onzima, okanye amaqondo obushushu abandayo nako kunokunceda.

Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha - hyperkalemic; Usapho oluqhelekileyo lokukhubazeka ngamaxesha athile; IHyperKPP; HyperPP; Isifo seGamstorp; Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha athile okubuthathaka kwePotassium

• I-atrophy yezihlunu

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IKerchner GA, iPtácek LJ. I-Channelopathies: i-episodic kunye nokuphazamiseka kombane kwenkqubo ye-neva. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SK, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 99.

I-Moxley RT, i-Heatwole C. Ku: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, ii-eds. I-Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 151.