Utyando lweMitral valve-luvulekile

Utyando lwe-Mitral valve lusetyenziselwa ukulungisa okanye ukubuyisela i-mitral valve entliziyweni yakho.

Igazi lihamba phakathi kwamagumbi ahlukeneyo entliziyweni ngezivalo ezidibanisa amagumbi. Enye yezi zivalo ze-mitral. Ivalve ye-mitral ivula ukuze igazi lihambe ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekhohlo ukuya kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Ivalve iyavala, ukugcina igazi lingabuyi umva.

Kule hlobo lotyando, ugqirha wotyando usika kakhulu ithambo lakho lesifuba ukufikelela entliziyweni. Ezinye iintlobo zotyando zisebenzisa amanxeba amancinci aliqela.

Ngaphambi kotyando lwakho, uya kufumana i-anesthesia ngokubanzi.Uya kuba ulele kwaye ungenazintlungu ngexesha lenkqubo.

• Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza ubude obuziisentimitha ezili-10 (25.4 iisentimitha) embindini wesifuba sakho.
• Emva koko, ugqirha wakho wotyando uya kwahlula amathambo ebele ukuze abone intliziyo yakho.
• Uninzi lwabantu luqhagamshelwe kumatshini wokudlula kwentliziyo-umphunga okanye kwimpompo yokudlula. Intliziyo yakho imisiwe ngelixa uqhagamshele kulo matshini. Lo matshini wenza umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho ngelixa intliziyo yakho imisiwe.
• Isinqunqwana esincinci senziwe kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yakho ukuze ugqirha wakho akwazi ukulungisa okanye ukubuyisela i-mitral valve.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho wotyando unokuyilungisa i-mitral valve yakho, unokuba:

• Iringi annuloplasty - Ugqirha ulungisa indawo enjenge-ring ejikeleze ivalve ngokuthunga isangqa sensimbi, ilaphu, okanye izicwili ezijikeleze ivalve.
• Ukulungiswa kweValve - Ugqirha wotyando, uyila, okanye aphinde akhe enye okanye nangaphezulu kweempuphu ezintathu (iincwadana) zevalve.

Ukuba i-mitral valve yakho yonakaliswe kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa, uyakufuna ivelufa entsha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luqhaqho olwenziwe ngokutsha. Ugqirha wakho uyakususa i-mitral valve yakho kwaye uthunge entsha endaweni. Zimbini iintlobo zezivalo zam mitral:

• Oomatshini, benziwe ngezinto ezenziwe ngabantu (zokwenziwa), ezinje nge titanium. Ezi zivalo zihlala ixesha elide. Uya kudinga ukuthatha iyeza lokucoca igazi, njenge-warfarin (Coumadin) okanye i-aspirin, ubomi bakho bonke.
• Ibhayoloji, eyenziwe yinyama yabantu okanye yezilwanyana. Ezi zivalo zihlala iminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-12. Kusenokungafuneki ukuba uthathe abacoci gazi ubomi bakho bonke.

Nje ukuba ivalve entsha okanye elungisiweyo isebenze, ugqirha wakho uya:

• Vala intliziyo yakho ususe kumatshini wentliziyo-wemiphunga.
• Beka iicatheters (iityhubhu) ezijikeleze intliziyo yakho ukukhupha ulwelo olwakhayo.
• Vala ithambo lakho lesifuba ngeengcingo zentsimbi ezingenasici. Kuya kuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuphola kwethambo. Iingcingo ziya kuhlala ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho.

Unokuba ne-pacemaker yethutyana exhunywe entliziyweni yakho kude kubuye isingqisho sentliziyo yendalo.

Olu tyando lungathatha iiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.

Unokufuna utyando ukuba i-mitral valve yakho ayisebenzi ngokufanelekileyo.

• Ivalve ye-mitral engavaliyo yonke indlela iya kuvumela igazi ukuba libuyele kwi-atrium yasekhohlo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-mitral regurgitation.
• Ivalve ye-mitral engavuli ngokupheleleyo iya kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-mitral stenosis.

Unokufuna utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo evulekileyo ngezi zizathu:

• Utshintsho kwi-mitral valve yakho lubangela iimpawu zentliziyo, ezinje nge-angina (iintlungu zesifuba), ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuphelelwa ngamandla (i-syncope), okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba utshintsho kwi-mitral valve yakho luyanciphisa ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho.
• Unokuhlinzwa ngentliziyo evulekileyo ngesinye isizathu, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukubuyisela okanye ukulungisa i-mitral valve yakho ngaxeshanye.
• Isivingco sentliziyo sakho sonakaliswe yi-endocarditis (usulelo lwevalvu yentliziyo).
• Ufumene ivalve yentliziyo entsha kwixa elidlulileyo, kwaye ayisebenzi kakuhle.
• Uneengxaki ezinje ngeehlwili zegazi, usulelo, okanye ukopha emva kokufumana ivalve yentliziyo entsha.

Iingozi zalo naluphi na utyando zezi:

• Amahlwili egazi emilenzeni anokuhamba aye emiphungeni
• Ukuphulukana negazi
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Usulelo, kubandakanya imiphunga, izintso, isinyi, isifuba, okanye iivevvu zentliziyo
• Impendulo kumayeza

Imingcipheko enokubakho yoqhaqho lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo zezi:

• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha.
• Iingxaki zesingqi sentliziyo.
• Usulelo ekusikeni (kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke kubantu abatyebe kakhulu, abanesifo seswekile, okanye sele benolu tyando).
• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo kunye nokulahleka kokucaca kwengqondo, okanye "ukucinga okungacacanga."
• I-post-pericardiotomy syndrome, ebandakanya umkhuhlane ophantsi kunye nentlungu esifubeni. Oku kunokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-6.
• Ukufa.

Soloko uxelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo:

• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unokukhulelwa
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo, nditsho neziyobisi, izongezo, okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo

Unokwazi ukugcina igazi kwibhanki yegazi ukuze utofelwe ngexesha nasemva kotyando. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba wena kunye namalungu osapho lwakho ninokunikela ngegazi.

Kuya kufuneka uyeke ukuthatha amayeza enza ukuba kube nzima kwigazi lakho ukubambeka iiveki ezi-2 ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kunokubangela ukwanda kwegazi ngexesha lotyando.

• Amanye ala mayeza yiasprini, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), kunye ne naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn).
• Ukuba uthatha i-warfarin (i-Coumadin) okanye i-clopidogrel (i-Plavix), thetha nomnikezeli wakho phambi kokuba uyeke amayeza akho okanye utshintshe indlela owathatha ngayo.

Lungisa indlu yakho phambi kokuba uye esibhedlele ukuze izinto zibe lula xa ubuya.

Kusuku olungaphambi kotyando lwakho, thatha ishawa kwaye uhlambe iinwele zakho. Kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlambe umzimba wakho wonke ngaphantsi kwentamo yakho ngesepha ekhethekileyo. Khuhla isifuba sakho amaxesha ama-2 okanye ama-3 ngale sepha. Kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe i-antibiotiki ukukhusela usulelo.

Ngexesha leentsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Buza ukuba ngawaphi amayeza ofanele ukuwathatha ngosuku lotyando lwakho.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, kufuneka uyeke. Cela uncedo kumboneleli wakho.
• Soloko umboneleli wakho ekwazi ukuba unokubanda, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, ukuphuma kwe-herpes, okanye nasiphi na esinye isifo ngaphambi kotyando lwakho.

Ngomhla wotyando:

• Landela imiyalelo yomboneleli wakho malunga nexesha lokuyeka ukutya nokusela.
• Thatha amayeza oxelelwe ukuba uwathabathe ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.
• Uzakuxelelwa ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele.

Uninzi lwabantu luchitha iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7 esibhedlele emva kotyando.

Uya kuvuka kwigumbi labagula kakhulu (ICU). Uya kuphinda ubuye apho kangangeentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Uya kuba neetyhubhu ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 esifubeni sakho ukukhupha ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo yakho. Iityhubhu zihlala zisuswa kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kotyando.

Unokuba netyhubhu eguqukayo (catheter) kwisinyi sakho ukucoca umchamo. Unokuba nemigca efakwa ngaphakathi (IV) ukufumana ulwelo. Iimonitha ezibonisa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo (ukubetha, ubushushu, kunye nokuphefumla) ziya kujongwa ngononophelo.

Uya kusiwa kwigumbi lesibhedlele eliqhelekileyo ukusuka e-ICU. Intliziyo yakho kunye neempawu ezibalulekileyo ziya kubekwa esweni de uye ekhaya. Uya kufumana amayeza entlungu ukulawula iintlungu xa usikiwe.

Umongikazi wakho uya kukunceda uqale umsebenzi kancinci. Ungaya kwinkqubo yonyango lomzimba ukuze wenze intliziyo yakho nomzimba womelele.

Iintsholongwane zentliziyo zoomatshini zihlala ixesha lokuphila. Nangona kunjalo, amahlwili egazi anokuvela kuwo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba bosulelwe okanye bavaleke. Ukuba iifom yegazi iyenzeka, unokuba noxinzelelo.

Iivalve ezenziwe ngabantu okanye kwizicwili zomzimba ziyasilela ekuhambeni kwexesha. Banobomi obuqhelekileyo beminyaka eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20 ngaphambi kokufuna ukutshintshwa. Banomngcipheko osezantsi wamahlwili egazi.

Ukutshintshwa kwevalve ye Mitral - evulekileyo; Ukulungiswa kweMitral valve - kuvuliwe; Mitral valvuloplasty

• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Utyando lwevalvu yentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukuthatha warfarin (Coumadin)

IGoldstone AB, Woo YJ. Unyango lotyando lwevalvu ye-mitral. Ku: Sellke FW, del Nido PJ, Swanson SJ, ii-eds. Ugqirha weSabiston kunye noSpencer wesifuba. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 80.

I-Rosengart TK, i-Anand J. Isifo sentliziyo esifunyenweyo: i-valvular. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 60.

UThomas JD, uBonow RO. Isifo seMitral valve. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Ku: Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 69.