Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile-ukuzikhathalela

Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile sisifo esingapheliyo. Ukuba unesifo seswekile sesi-2, i-insulin emzimbeni wakho idla ngokwenza ukuba unengxaki yokuhambisa isiginali kwimisipha kunye neeseli ezinamanqatha. I-insulini yincindi yedlala eyenziwe ngepancreas yokulawula iswekile esegazini. Xa i-insulin yomzimba wakho ingakwazi ukubonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo, iswekile evela kukutya ihlala egazini kwaye inqanaba leswekile (iswekile) linokuphakama kakhulu.

Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 batyebe kakhulu xa befumaniswa. Utshintsho kwindlela umzimba ophatha ngayo iswekile yegazi ekhokelela kuhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile ihlala yenzeka kancinci.

Wonke umntu onesifo seswekile kufuneka afumane imfundo efanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso malunga nezona ndlela zokulawula isifo seswekile. Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokubona ukhathalelo lwesifo seswekile kunye nengcali kwezemfundo.

Awunakho ukuba naziphi na iimpawu. Ukuba unayo impawu, zingabandakanya:

• Indlala
• Unxaniwe
• Ukuchama kakhulu, ukuvuka rhoqo kunesiqhelo ebusuku ukuchama
• Umbono ongenangqondo
• Izifo ezenzeka rhoqo okanye ezihlala ixesha elide
• Ingxaki yokuba nolungiso
• Ingxaki yokuphilisa ukusika kwesikhumba sakho
  
• Irhashalala elibomvu kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba wakho
• Ukulinganisa okanye ukulahleka kwemvakalelo ezinyaweni zakho

Kuya kufuneka ulawule kakuhle iswekile yegazi lakho. Ukuba iswekile yegazi lakho ayilawulwa, iingxaki ezinzulu ezibizwa ngokuba ziingxaki zinokwenzeka emzimbeni wakho. Ezinye iingxaki zinokwenzeka kwangoko kwaye ezinye emva kweminyaka emininzi.

Funda amanyathelo asisiseko okulawula isifo seswekile ukuze uhlale usempilweni kangangoko. Ukwenza njalo kuya kunceda ukugcina ithuba lokuba neengxaki zesifo seswekile libe phantsi kangangoko. Amanyathelo afaka:

• Ukujonga iswekile yegazi lakho ekhaya
• Ukugcina ukutya okunempilo
• Ukusebenza ngokwasemzimbeni

Qiniseka ukuba uthatha naliphi na iyeza okanye i-insulin njengoko kuyalelwe.

Umboneleli wakho uya kukunceda ngoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nolunye uvavanyo. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iswekile yegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol nganye ikuluhlu olusempilweni. Kwakhona, landela imiyalelo yomboneleli wakho malunga nokugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi kwindawo efanelekileyo.

Ugqirha wakho uya kucela ukuba undwendwele abanye ababoneleli ukukunceda ulawule isifo seswekile. Aba banikezeli babandakanya:

• Isidlo
• Ikhemesti yeswekile
• Isifo seswekile

Ukutya okuneswekile kunye nee-carbohydrate kunokunyusa iswekile yegazi lakho liphezulu kakhulu. Utywala kunye nezinye iziselo ezineswekile zinokunyusa iswekile yegazi lakho. Umongikazi okanye umntu otya ukutya okunokukufundisa malunga nokhetho olufanelekileyo lokutya.

Qinisekisa ukuba uyazi ukuba unokutya okunokulinganisela njani kunye neprotheni kunye nefayibha. Yitya ukutya okusempilweni okutsha kangangoko. Musa ukutya ukutya okuninzi ngexesha elinye. Oku kunceda ukugcina iswekile yegazi lakho kuluhlu olulungileyo.

Ukulawula ubunzima bakho kunye nokugcina ukutya okunesondlo kubalulekile. Abanye abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 banokuyeka ukuthatha amayeza emva kokunciphisa umzimba (nangona benesifo seswekile). Umboneleli wakho unokukwazisa uluhlu lobunzima obulungele wena.

Utyando lokulahleka kwesisindo lunokukhetha ukuba utyebile kwaye isifo sakho seswekile asikho phantsi kolawulo. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ngakumbi malunga noku.

Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kulungile kubantu abanesifo seswekile. Yehlisa iswekile egazini. Zilolonge kwakhona:

• Iphucula ukuhamba kwegazi
• Yehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi

Kuyanceda ukutshisa amanqatha ongezelelweyo ukuze ugcine ubunzima bakho busezantsi. Ukuzilolonga kunokukunceda ujongane noxinzelelo kwaye uphucule imeko yakho.

Zama ukuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisikile imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 yonke imihla. Khetha umsebenzi owuthandayo kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba unamathele kuwo. Yiza nokutya okanye incindi xa iswekile yegazi lakho isiba phantsi kakhulu. Sela amanzi ongezelelweyo. Zama ukuphepha ukuhlala ngaphezulu kwemizuzu engama-30 ngalo naliphi na ixesha.

Nxiba isacholo se-ID yeswekile. Kwimeko kaxakeka, abantu bayazi ukuba unesifo seswekile kwaye banokukunceda ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.

Soloko ujonga umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuqala inkqubo yovavanyo. Umboneleli wakho unokukunceda ukhethe inkqubo yokuzilolonga ekhuselekileyo kuwe.

Unokucelwa ukuba ujonge iswekile yegazi lakho ekhaya. Oku kuya kukuxelela kunye nomboneleli wakho ukuba ukutya kwakho, umthambo, kunye namayeza asebenza kangakanani. Isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yimitha yeswekile sinokubonelela ngokufundwa kweswekile yegazi kwithontsi nje legazi.

Ugqirha, umongikazi, okanye utitshala weswekile uya kunceda ukuseta ishedyuli yovavanyo lwasekhaya. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda usete iinjongo zakho zeswekile yegazi.

• Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 kufuneka bahlole iswekile yegazi kanye kuphela okanye kabini ngemini. Abanye abantu kufuneka bajonge rhoqo.
• Ukuba iswekile yegazi lakho ilawulwa, kungafuneka ujonge iswekile yegazi kuphela amaxesha ambalwa ngeveki.

Izizathu ezibaluleke kakhulu zokujonga iswekile yegazi kwezi zilandelayo:

• Jonga ukuba amayeza eswekile owathathayo anobungozi bokubangela iswekile esezantsi yegazi (hypoglycemia).
• Sebenzisa inombolo yeswekile yegazi ukulungisa idosi ye-insulin okanye amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo.
• Sebenzisa inombolo yeswekile yegazi ukukunceda wenze ukutya okunesondlo kunye nezinto onokukhetha ukuzenza ukulawula iswekile esegazini.

Ukuba ukutya kunye nokwenza umthambo akwanelanga, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza. Kuya kunceda ukugcina iswekile yegazi lakho kuluhlu olusempilweni.

Maninzi amayeza eswekile asebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukunceda ukulawula iswekile esegazini lakho. Abantu abaninzi abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 kufuneka bathathe ngaphezulu kwelinye iyeza ukulawula iswekile yegazi. Unokuthatha amayeza ngomlomo okanye njengefoto (inaliti). Amayeza athile eswekile anokungakhuseleki ukuba ukhulelwe. Ke, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza akho ukuba ucinga ukukhulelwa.

Ukuba amayeza akuncedi ukulawula iswekile esegazini lakho, kusenokufuneka ukuba uthathe i-insulin. I-insulin kufuneka itofwe phantsi kolusu. Uya kufumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ukuze ufunde indlela yokuzifaka inaliti. Uninzi lwabantu lufumanisa ukuba iinaliti ze-insulin zilula kunokuba bezicinga.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile banamathuba aphezulu okufumana uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu. Unokucelwa ukuba uthathe amayeza ukuthintela okanye ukunyanga le miqathango. Amayeza anokubandakanya:

• Isithinteli se-ACE okanye elinye iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-ARB yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye iingxaki zezintso.
• Iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-statin ukugcina i-cholesterol yakho isezantsi.
• I-Aspirin yokugcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni.

SUKUTSHAYA okanye usebenzise iicuba. Ukutshaya kusenza mandundu isifo seswekile. Ukuba uyatshaya, sebenza nomboneleli wakho ukufumana indlela yokuyeka.

Isifo seswekile sinokubangela iingxaki ezinyaweni. Unokufumana izilonda okanye usulelo. Ukugcina iinyawo zakho zisempilweni:

• Jonga kwaye unakekele iinyawo zakho yonke imihla.
• Qinisekisa ukuba unxibe uhlobo olufanelekileyo lweekawusi kunye nezihlangu. Jonga izihlangu zakho kunye neekawusi yonke imihla ukuba azikho na amabala agugileyo, anokukhokelela kwizilonda okanye kwizilonda.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, kuya kufuneka ubone umboneleli wakho rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-3, okanye rhoqo njengoko kuyalelwe. Kolu tyelelo, umboneleli wakho anga:

• Buza malunga nenqanaba leswekile yegazi (soloko uzisa imitha yakho ukuba ujonga iswekile yegazi ekhaya)
• Jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Jonga imvakalelo ezinyaweni zakho
• Jonga ulusu kunye namathambo enyawo kunye nemilenze
• Vavanya umva wamehlo akho

Umboneleli wakho uya ku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo ukuqinisekisa ukuba:

• Izintso zisebenza kakuhle (minyaka le)
• Amanqanaba e-cholesterol kunye ne-triglyceride asempilweni (minyaka le)
• Inqanaba le-A1C likuluhlu oluhle kuwe (zonke iinyanga ezi-6 ukuba isifo sakho seswekile silawulwa kakuhle okanye zonke iinyanga ezi-3 ukuba akunjalo)

Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga naziphi na izitofu onokuzidinga, ezinje ngomkhuhlane wonyaka kunye ne-hepatitis B kunye ne-pneumonia shots.

Ndwendwela ugqirha wamazinyo qho emva kweenyanga ezi-6. Kwakhona, jonga ugqirha wamehlo kanye ngonyaka, okanye rhoqo njengoko kuyalelwe.

Uhlobo lwe-2 lweswekile-ukulawula

• Isongo sesilumkiso sezonyango
• Lawula iswekile yegazi lakho

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika. 5. Ukuququzelela ukutshintsha kokuziphatha kunye nokuphila kakuhle ukuphucula iziPhumo zezeMpilo: Imigangatho yoNyango lwezeMpilo kwiSwekile-2020. Unonophelo lweSwekile. 2020; 43 (iSuppl 1): S48-S65. IINKCUKACHA: 31862748 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862748/.

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika. 11. Iingxaki zeMicrovascular kunye noKhathalelo lweenyawo: Imigangatho yoNyango lwezeMpilo kwiSwekile-2020. Unonophelo lweSwekile. 2020; 43 (iSuppl 1): S135 – S151. IINKCUKACHA: 31862754 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862754/.

UBrownlee M, uAiello LP, uSun JK, et al. Iingxaki zesifo seswekile. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus, RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 37.

Iqhina MC, Ahmann AJ. Unyango lohlobo 2 lweswekile. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus, RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 35.

• Uhlobo lweSwekile 2
• Isifo seswekile kuBantwana nakwishumi elivisayo