Umngcipheko wehip kunye nokutshintsha kwedolo

Lonke utyando lunobungozi beengxaki. Ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi le mingcipheko kwaye isebenza njani kuwe yinxalenye yokuthatha isigqibo sokuba ungatyandwa okanye hayi.

Unokunceda ukunciphisa amathuba akho emingcipheko kuqhaqho ngokucwangcisa kwangaphambili.

• Khetha ugqirha nesibhedlele esikubonelela ngononophelo oluphezulu.
• Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo kwangaphambi koqhaqho.
• Fumanisa ukuba ungenza ntoni ukunceda ukuthintela iingxaki ngexesha nasemva kotyando.

Zonke iintlobo zotyando zibandakanya umngcipheko. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Iingxaki zokuphefumla emva kotyando. Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu ukuba une-anesthesia ngokubanzi kunye netyhubhu yokuphefumla.
• Ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ngexesha okanye emva kotyando
• Usulelo kwi-joint, imiphunga (i-pneumonia), okanye i-urinary tract.
• Ukuphilisa amanxeba. Oku kunokwenzeka kubantu abangaphilanga ngaphambi kotyando, abatshayayo okanye abanesifo seswekile, okanye abathatha amayeza enza buthathaka amajoni abo omzimba.
• Ukungaziphathi kakuhle kumayeza owafumeneyo. Oku kunqabile, kodwa ezinye zezo mpendulo zingasongela ubomi.
• Ukuwa esibhedlele. Ukuwa kunokuba yingxaki enkulu. Izinto ezininzi zingakhokelela ekuweni, kubandakanya iilokhwe ezingakhathali, imigangatho emtyibilizi, amayeza akwenzela ukuba ulale, iintlungu, indawo ongayiqhelanga, ubuthathaka emva kotyando, okanye ukuhamba-hamba ngeetyhubhu ezininzi ezinamathele emzimbeni wakho.

Kuqhelekile ukuphulukana negazi ngexesha nasemva kotyando okanye ukutshintshwa kwedolo. Abanye abantu bafuna utofelo-gazi ngexesha lotyando okanye ngexesha lokuchacha kwabo esibhedlele. Awunakufane ufune ukutofelwa igazi ukuba ubalo lwegazi elibomvu liphezulu ngokwaneleyo ngaphambi kotyando. Olunye utyando lufuna ukuba unikele ngegazi ngaphambi kotyando. Kuya kufuneka ubuze umboneleli wakho malunga nokuba ngaba ikho na imfuneko yoko.

Ukopha okuninzi ngexesha lotyando kuvela kwithambo elisikiweyo. Ukutyumka kunokubakho xa igazi liqokelela ijikeleze ilungu elitsha okanye phantsi kolusu emva kotyando.

Amathuba akho okuba nefom ye-clot yegazi iphezulu ngexesha kwaye kungekudala emva kotyando okanye ukutshintshwa kwedolo. Ukuhlala okanye ukulala ixesha elide ngexesha nasemva kotyando kuyakwenza igazi lakho lihambe kancinci emzimbeni wakho. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wegazi.

Iindidi ezimbini zamahlwili egazi zezi:

• I-vein thrombosis enzulu (DVT). La ngamahlwili egazi anokuthi enze imithambo emlenzeni wakho emva kotyando.
• Ukudibanisa iipulmonary. Ezi ziingceba zegazi ezinokuhamba ziye emiphungeni yakho kwaye zibangele iingxaki zokuphefumla.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi:

• Unokufumana abacoci begazi ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.
• Unokugqoka iisokisi zokucinezela kwimilenze yakho ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi emva kotyando.
• Uya kukhuthazwa ukuba wenze imithambo ngelixa ulele ebhedini kwaye uphume ebhedini kwaye uhambe kwiiholo ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi.

Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke emva kokuhlinzwa okanye ukunyuswa kwamadolo zibandakanya:

• Usulelo kwilungu lakho elitsha. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, indibaniselwano yakho entsha inokufuna ukususwa ukucoca usulelo. Le ngxaki inokwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile okanye amajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Emva kotyando, kwaye rhoqo ngaphambi kotyando, uya kufunda ngento onokuyenza ukuthintela usulelo kwilungu lakho elitsha.
• Ukususwa kwendibaniselwano yakho entsha. Oku kunqabile. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo ukuba ubuyela kwimisebenzi ngaphambi kokuba ube ukulungele. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu ngequbuliso kunye nokungakwazi ukuhamba. Kuya kufuneka ubize umnikezeli wakho ukuba oku kuyenzeka. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uyakufuna ukuya kwigumbi likaxakeka. Unokufuna uhlaziyo lokuhlaziya ukuba oku kwenzeka rhoqo.
• Ukukhululeka kwendibaniselwano yakho entsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuyafuneka olunye utyando ukulungisa ingxaki.
• Nxiba kwaye ukrazule iinxalenye ezihambisayo zelungu lakho elitsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Amaqhekeza amancinci anokuqhekeka kwaye onakalise ithambo. Oku kunokufuna olunye utyando ukubuyisela indawo ehambayo kunye nokulungisa ithambo.
• Ukungaphenduli komzimba kumalungu esinyithi kwamanye amalungu. Oku kunqabile kakhulu.

Ezinye iingxaki ezivela kutyando lwethambo okanye emadolweni zinokubakho. Nangona zinqabile, ezi ngxaki zibandakanya:

• Akukho ntlungu yaneleyo. Utyando oluhlanganyelweyo lokuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye nokuqina kwesifo samathambo kubantu abaninzi. Abanye abantu basenokuba neempawu ezithile zesifo samathambo. Kubantu abaninzi, utyando luhlala lubonelela ngoncedo olwaneleyo lweempawu kubantu abaninzi.
• Umlenze omde okanye omfutshane. Ngenxa yokuba ithambo lisikiwe kwaye kufakwe idolo elitsha, umlenze wakho ngelungu elitsha unokuba lide okanye lifutshane kunomnye umlenze wakho. Lo mahluko uhlala umalunga ne-1/4 ye-intshi (0.5 cm). Ayifane ibangele naziphi na iingxaki okanye iimpawu.

UFerguson RJ, uPalmer AJ, uTaylor A, uPorter ML, uMalchau H, uGlyn-Jones S.Ukutshintsha endaweni yakhe. ILancet. 2018; 392 (10158): 1662-1671. IINKCUKACHA: 30496081 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30496081.

IHarkess JW, iCrockarell JR. IArthroplasty yenyonga. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ii-eds. Umsebenzi weCampbell's Orthopedics. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 3.

UMcDonald S, iphepha le-MJ, uBeringer K, uWasiak J, uSprowson A. Imfundo yangaphambi kokusebenza kwe-hip okanye idolo. Isiseko sedatha yeCochrane Rev. Ngo-2014; (5): CD003526. IINKCUKACHA: 24820247 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24820247.

Mihalko WM. IArthroplasty yedolo. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ii-eds. Umsebenzi weCampbell's Orthopedics. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 7.