Osteomyelitis

I-Osteomyelitis lusulelo lwethambo. Kubangelwa ikakhulu ziintsholongwane okanye ezinye iintsholongwane.

Usulelo lwethambo luhlala lubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Kodwa inokubangelwa ngumngundo okanye ezinye iintsholongwane. Xa umntu ene-osteomyelitis:

• Intsholongwane okanye ezinye iintsholongwane zingasasazeka ziye kwithambo kulusu olusulelweyo, izihlunu, okanye imisipha ecaleni kwethambo. Oku kunokwenzeka phantsi kwesikhumba.
• Usulelo lungaqala kwelinye ilungu lomzimba kwaye lunwenwe kwithambo ngegazi.
• Usulelo lungaqala emva kotyando lwethambo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba utyando lwenziwe emva kokonzakala okanye ukuba kubekwe iintonga zentsimbi okanye iipleyiti kwithambo.

Kubantwana, amathambo amade eengalo okanye emilenze ahlala echaphazeleka. Kubantu abadala, iinyawo, amathambo omqolo (i-vertebrae), kunye nehips (i-pelvis) zichaphazeleka kakhulu.

Imiba yomngcipheko yile:

• Seswekile
• Uhlalutyo lweHemodialysis
• Ukuhanjiswa kwegazi okungalunganga
• Ukulimala kwangoku
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni
• Utyando olubandakanya amathambo
• Amandla omzimba abuthathaka

Iimpawu ze-osteomyelitis azichazwanga kwaye ziyahluka ngokobudala. Iimpawu eziphambili zibandakanya:

• Intlungu yethambo
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo
• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda
• Ukungakhululeki ngokubanzi, ukungonwabi, okanye ukuziva ungonwabanga (malaise)
• Ukudumba kwengingqi, ukuba bomvu kunye nobushushu
• Inxeba elivulekileyo elinokubonisa ubofu
• Intlungu kwindawo yosulelo

Umboneleli wezempilo uyakukuvavanya akubuze malunga neempawu zakho. Uvavanyo lunokubonisa ukuthamba kwethambo kunye nokudumba okunokwenzeka kunye nokubomvu kwindawo ejikeleze ithambo.

Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Iinkcubeko zegazi
• I-Bone biopsy (isampulu ikhulile kwaye ivavanywa phantsi kwemicroscope)
• Ukuskena amathambo
• I-X-ray yethambo
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Iprotheni esebenzayo yeC (CRP)
• Izinga le-sedimentation ye-Erythrocyte (ESR)
• I-MRI yethambo
• Inzala yenaliti yommandla wamathambo achaphazelekayo

Injongo yonyango kukususa usulelo kunye nokunciphisa ukonakala kwethambo kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikezelwa ukutshabalalisa iintsholongwane ezibangela usulelo:

• Unokufumana ngaphezulu kwesinye isibulala zintsholongwane ngexesha.
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane athathwa ubuncinci iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6, rhoqo ekhaya nge-IV (ngaphakathi, ngaphakathi, intsingiselo yethambo lomthambo).

Utyando lunokufuneka ekususeni izicwili zethambo ezifileyo ukuba ezi ndlela zingasentla ziyasilela:

• Ukuba kukho amacwecwe esinyithi kufutshane nosulelo, anokufuna ukususwa.
• Indawo evulekileyo eshiywe ziithambo zethambo ezisusiweyo inokugcwaliswa ngokufakelwa kwethambo okanye izinto zokupakisha. Oku kukhuthaza isisombululo sosulelo.

Usulelo olwenzeka emva kokudityaniswa ngokudibeneyo kunokufuna utyando. Oku kwenzelwa ukususa izicwili ezidibeneyo nezosulelekileyo endaweni. Iprosthesis entsha inokumiliselwa kwakwindlela efanayo yokusebenza. Rhoqo, oogqirha bayalinda de igqitywe ikhosi yintsholongwane kwaye nosulelo luphele.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, kuyakufuneka ulawulwe kakuhle. Ukuba kukho iingxaki kunikezelo lwegazi kwindawo eyosulelekileyo, njengonyawo, kunokufuneka kwenziwe utyando ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi ukuze kupheliswe usulelo.

Ngonyango, iziphumo ze-osteomyelitis ebukhali zihlala zilungile.

Imbonakalo imbi kakhulu kwabo banesifo sexesha elide (esinganyangekiyo) se-osteomyelitis. Iimpawu zinokuza zihambe iminyaka, nokuba sele uqhaqho. Ukunqunyulwa kunokudingeka, ngakumbi kubantu abanesifo seswekile okanye ukujikeleza kwegazi okungalunganga.

Umbono wabantu abanesifo sosulelo lokuxhomekeka buxhomekeke ngokuyinxalenye:

• Impilo yomntu
• Uhlobo losulelo
• Nokuba ngaba ubuchwephesha obosulelekileyo bunokususwa ngokukhuselekileyo

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Ukuphuhlisa iimpawu ze-osteomyelitis
• Yiba ne-osteomyelitis eqhubekayo nangonyango

Usulelo lwamathambo

• Osteomyelitis - ukubhobhoza

• X-reyi
• Amathambo
• Osteomyelitis
• Iintsholongwane

UMatton EL, u-Osmon DR. Usulelo lwe-bursae, amalunga, kunye namathambo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 256.

URaukar NP, uZink BJ. Amathambo kunye nosulelo ngokudibeneyo. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2018: isahluko 128.

UTande AJ, uSteckelberg JM, u-Osmon DR, uBerbari EF. Osteomyelitis. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 104.