Isifo sezintso sePolycystic

Isifo sezintso sePolycystic (PKD) sisifo sezintso esidluliswa ziintsapho. Kwesi sifo, ii-cysts ezininzi zibumba kwizintso, zibangele ukuba zandiswe.

I-PKD idluliselwa kwiintsapho (ezizuzwe njengelifa). Ezi ntlobo zimbini ze-PKD zizezona zibalulekileyo kwi-autosomal ephezulu kunye ne-autosomal recessive.

Abantu abane-PKD banamaqela amaninzi ama-cysts kwizintso. Eyona nto ibangela ukuba ii-cysts zenziwe ayaziwa.

I-PKD inxulunyaniswa nezi meko zilandelayo:

• Iimpawu zeAortic
• Iimpawu zeBongo
• Ii-cysts esibindini, kwi-pancreas, nakwi-testes
• Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zekholoni

Uninzi lwesiqingatha sabantu abane-PKD banee-cysts esibindini.

Iimpawu ze-PKD zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Intlungu yesisu okanye ukuthamba
• Igazi kumchamo
• Ukuchama kakhulu ebusuku
• Intlungu yeflank kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini
• Ukozela
• Intlungu edibeneyo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesipikili

Uviwo lunokubonisa:

• Ukuthamba kwesisu ngaphezulu kwesibindi
• Ukwandiswa kwesibindi
• Ukumbombozela kwentliziyo okanye ezinye iimpawu zokungoneliseki kwe-aortic okanye ukungoneli kwe-mitral
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ukukhula kwizintso okanye isisu

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-angiography yeCerebral
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC) ukujonga i-anemia
• Uvavanyo lwesibindi (igazi)
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo

Abantu abanembali yobuqu okanye yosapho ye-PKD enentloko ebuhlungu kufuneka ivavanywe ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba i-cerebral aneurysms yiyo unobangela.

I-PKD kunye ne-cysts esibindini okanye kwamanye amalungu anokufunyanwa kusetyenziswa olu vavanyo lulandelayo:

• Ukuskena kwe-CT esiswini
• Isiskena seMRI esiswini
• I-ultrasound yesisu
• Ipyramogram efakwa ngaphakathi (IVP)

Ukuba amalungu amaninzi osapho lwakho ane-PKD, iimvavanyo zofuzo zinokwenziwa ukumisela ukuba uyayiphatha na imfuza ye-PKD.

Injongo yonyango kukulawula iimpawu kunye nokukhusela iingxaki. Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi
• I-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi)
• Ukutya okunetyuwa encinci

Naluphi na usulelo lomchamo kufuneka lunyangwe ngokukhawuleza ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

Ii-cysts ezibuhlungu, ezosulelekileyo, ukopha, okanye ezibangela ukucinywa kunokufuna ukukhutshwa. Kukho rhoqo ii-cysts ezininzi kakhulu ezenza ukuba kususwe i-cyst nganye.

Ugqirha lokususa i-1 okanye zombini izintso kunokufuneka. Unyango lwezifo zesifo sokugqibela ezinokubandakanya i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso.

Unako ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lenkxaso apho amalungu abelana ngamava aqhelekileyo kunye neengxaki.

Esi sifo siba mandundu ngokuthe ngcembe. Ekugqibeleni, kunokukhokelela ekusweleni kwezintso. Kukwanxulunyaniswa nesifo sesibindi, kubandakanya nosulelo lwee-cysts zesibindi.

Unyango lunokunciphisa iimpawu iminyaka emininzi.

Abantu abane-PKD abangenazo ezinye izifo banokuba ngabaviwa abalungileyo bokufakelwa kwezintso.

Iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangelwa yi-PKD zibandakanya:

• Ukunqongophala kwegazi
• Ukopha okanye ukuqhekeka kwee-cysts
• Ixesha elide (elingapheliyo) isifo sezintso
• Isifo sokugqibela sezintso
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Usulelo lwee-cysts zesibindi
• Amatye eentso
• Ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi (kancinci ukuya kubukhali)
• Ukuphindaphindeka kosulelo lomchamo

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba:

• Unempawu zePKD
• Unembali yosapho ye-PKD okanye iingxaki ezinxulumene noko kwaye uceba ukuba nabantwana (unokufuna ukuba neengcebiso ngemfuzo)

Okwangoku, akukho lunyango olunokuthintela ii-cysts ekubeni zenze okanye zande.

Ama-cysts - izintso; Izintso - polycystic; Isifo sezintso esine-Autosomal ephezulu; IADPKD

• Izintso kunye neesibindi zesibindi - i-CT scan
• Iimpawu zesibindi kunye ne-spleen-CT scan

IArnaout MA. Izifo zezintso zeCystic. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 118.

I-Torres VE, i-PC yeHarris. Izifo ze-cystic zezintso. Ku: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, ii-eds. Brenner kunye noMphathi weZintso. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 45.