Umbhali: Laura McKinney
Umhla Wokudalwa: 8 Utshazimpuzi 2021
Hlaziya Umhla: 18 Eyenkanga 2024
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Umxholo

Yintoni ukuxhuzula?

Ukuhluthwa ziinguqu kwimisebenzi yombane wobuchopho. Olu tshintsho lunokubangela ukumangalisa, iimpawu ezibonakalayo, okanye kwezinye iimeko akukho zimpawu kwaphela.

Iimpawu zokubanjwa ngamandla zibandakanya ukugungqiswa ngamandla kunye nelahleko yolawulo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhuzula okuncinci kunokuba luphawu lwengxaki ebalulekileyo yezonyango, ke kubalulekile ukubaqonda.

Ngenxa yokuba ukuxhuzula okuthile kungakhokelela ekonzakaleni okanye kungangumqondiso wesimo sonyango, kubalulekile ukuba ufune unyango ukuba uzifumana.

Zeziphi iintlobo zokubanjwa?

I-International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) yazisa ukuhlaziywa okuhlaziyiweyo ngo-2017 okuchaza bhetele iintlobo ezininzi zokubanjwa. Ezi ntlobo zimbini ziphambili ngoku zibizwa ngokuba ziimpawu zokubamba zokuqala kunye nokubanjwa kokuqala kwesiqhelo.

Ukuqala kokubanjwa

Ukuqala kokubanjwa kusetyenziselwa ukubhekiswa njengokubamba okungaqhelekanga. Zenzeka kwindawo enye yengqondo.

Ukuba uyazi ukuba uyaxhuzula, ibizwa ngokuba kukugxila ekuqondeni. Ukuba awazi xa kusenzeka uhlaselo, kuyaziwa njengogxalathelwano lokuqonda olungalunganga.


Ukubanjwa kokuqala kwesiqhelo

Olu hlaselo luqala kumacala omabini engqondo ngaxeshanye. Phakathi kweentlobo eziqhelekileyo zokubanjwa kokuqala kwe-tonic-clonic, ukungabikho kunye ne-atonic.

  • I-Tonic-clonic: Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba kukuxhuzula okukhulu. “ITonic” ibhekisa ekuqiniseni kwezihlunu. “I-Clonic” ibhekisa kwingalo kunye nomlenze oshukumayo ngexesha lokuxhuzula. Uya kuphulukana nokuqonda ngexesha lokuthinjwa okunokuhlala okwemizuzu embalwa.
  • Ukungabikho: Ikwabizwa ngokuba kukuxhwaleka kwe-petit-mal, oku kuhlala imizuzwana embalwa. Zinokubangela ukuba ukhanyise ngokuphindaphindiweyo okanye ujonge emajukujukwini. Abanye abantu basenokuphazama bacinge ukuba uphupha emini.
  • I-Atonic: Ngexesha lokuxhuzula, okwaziwa njengokuhlaselwa kwethontsi, izihlunu zakho zihamba ngesiquphe. Intloko yakho inganqwala okanye umzimba wakho uphela ungawela emhlabeni. Ukuhlutha i-Atonic kufutshane, kuhlala malunga nemizuzwana eli-15.

Ukubanjwa kokuqala okungaziwayo

Ngamanye amaxesha akukho mntu ubona ukuqala kokuhlutha. Umzekelo, umntu unokuvuka ezinzulwini zobusuku kwaye abone iqabane lakhe lixhuzula. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuhlutha okungaziwayo. Azihlukaniswanga ngenxa yolwazi olungonelanga malunga nokuba baqale njani.


Ziintoni iimpawu zokubanjwa?

Unako ukufumana zombini ukugxilwa kunye nokuhlaselwa ngokubanzi ngexesha elifanayo, okanye enye inokwenzeka ngaphambi komnye. Iimpawu zinokuhlala naphi na ukusuka kwimizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu eli-15 kwisiqendu ngasinye.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zenzeka ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe. Oku kunokubandakanya:

  • uloyiko ngesiquphe okanye uxhalaba
  • imvakalelo yokugula esiswini sakho
  • isiyezi
  • utshintsho kumbono
  • intshukumo exubileyo yengalo nemilenze enokubangela ukuba ulahle izinto
  • ukuphuma komzimba
  • intloko ebuhlungu

Iimpawu ezibonisa ukubanjwa kuyaqhubeka zibandakanya:

  • Ukuphulukana nengqondo, kulandele ukudideka
  • ukuba ne-spasms yemisipha engalawulekiyo
  • ukuhlahlela amanzi okanye ukurhabula emlonyeni
  • ukuwa
  • Unomdla ongaqhelekanga emlonyeni wakho
  • Ukutshixizela amazinyo
  • uluma ulwimi lwakho
  • ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kwamehlo
  • ukwenza ingxolo engaqhelekanga, enjengokugquma
  • Ukuphulukana nolawulo lwesinyi okanye umsebenzi wamathumbu
  • Ukutshintsha kwemo ngequbuliso

Yintoni ebangela ukuxhuzula?

Ukuxhuzula kunokuvela kwiimeko ezininzi zempilo. Nantoni na echaphazela umzimba nayo inokuphazamisa ingqondo kwaye ikhokelele ekubanjweni. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:


  • ukurhoxisa utywala
  • usulelo lobuchopho, njenge-meningitis
  • ukwenzakala kwengqondo ngexesha lokubeleka
  • Isiphene sobuchopho esikhoyo ngexesha lokuzalwa
  • ukukrwitshwa
  • iziyobisi
  • Ukurhoxiswa kweziyobisi
  • ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte
  • umbane
  • ukuxhuzula
  • uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kakhulu
  • umkhuhlane
  • ukwenzakala entloko
  • ukusilela kwezintso okanye isibindi
  • amanqanaba eglucose esezantsi
  • icala
  • ithumba ebuchotsheni
  • Ukungaqheleki kwemithambo kwengqondo

Ukuhlutha kunokuhamba kwiintsapho. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu kusapho lwakho unembali yokuxhuzula. Kwezinye iimeko, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci, unobangela wokuthimba usenokungaziwa.

Zithini iziphumo zokubanjwa?

Ukuba awufumani unyango lokuxhuzula, iimpawu zabo zinokuba mandundu kwaye ziqhubeke ngokude ixesha elide. Ukuxhuzula ixesha elide kunokukhokelela kwi-coma okanye ekufeni.

Ukubanjwa kunokukhokelela ekonzakaleni, njengokuwa okanye ukwenzakala emzimbeni. Kubalulekile ukunxiba isacholo sonyango esichaza abaphendula ngokungxamisekileyo ukuba unesifo sokuwa.

Kufunyaniswa njani ukuxhuzula?

Oogqirha banokuba nexesha elinzima lokuchonga iintlobo zokubanjwa. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iimvavanyo ezithile zokufumanisa ukuba uxhuzule ngokuchanekileyo kwaye uncede uqinisekise ukuba unyango abalucebisayo luya kusebenza.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuqwalasela imbali yakho yezonyango kunye neziganeko ezikhokelela ekubanjweni. Umzekelo, iimeko ezinje nge-migraine yentloko, ukuphazamiseka kokulala, kunye noxinzelelo lwengqondo olugqithisileyo kunokubangela iimpawu zokubanjwa.

Uvavanyo lweLebhu lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba akhuphe ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela umsebenzi ofana nokuthimba. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

  • ukuvavanywa kwegazi ukukhangela ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte
  • impompo yomqolo ukulawula usulelo
  • ukuvavanywa kwetyhefu ukuvavanya iziyobisi, ityhefu, okanye ityhefu

I-electroencephalogram (i-EEG) inokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane ukuxhuzula. Olu vavanyo luthatha amanyathelo amaza obuchopho bakho. Ukujonga amaza obuchopho ngexesha lokuthimba kunokunceda ugqirha wakho afumanise uhlobo lokubanjwa.

Ukujonga imifanekiso efana ne-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan nayo inokunceda ngokunika umfanekiso ocacileyo wengqondo. Ezi skeni zivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ukungaqheleki njengokuhamba kwegazi okuvalelweyo okanye ithumba.

Uphathwa njani ukuxhuzula?

Unyango lokubanjwa luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Ngokunyanga unobangela wokubanjwa, unokukhusela ukuthintela okuzayo ukuba kungenzeki. Unyango lokuxhuzula ngenxa yokuxhuzula lubandakanya:

  • amayeza
  • utyando ukulungisa ukungaqheleki kwengqondo
  • ukuvuselela imithambo-luvo
  • ukutya okhethekileyo, okwaziwa njengokutya kwe ketogenic

Ngonyango oluqhelekileyo, unokunciphisa okanye uyeke ukubamba iimpawu.

Umnceda njani umntu oxhuzulayo?

Coca indawo ejikeleze umntu oxhuzulayo ukuthintela ukwenzakala okunokwenzeka. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, zibeke kwicala labo kwaye ubonelele ngokuthintela iintloko zazo.

Hlala nalo mntu, kwaye utsalele umnxeba ku-911 ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi zinto zisebenzayo:

  • Ukuxhuzula kuqhubeka ixesha elingaphezu kwemizuzu emithathu.
  • Abavuki emva kokubanjwa
  • Bafumana ukuxhamla okuphindaphindiweyo.
  • Ukuhlutha kwenzeka kumntu okhulelweyo.
  • Ukuhlutha kwenzeka kumntu ongazange akhe axhuzule.

Kubalulekile ukuhlala uzolile. Nangona kungekho ndlela yokumisa ukuxhuzula xa sele iqalile, unokubonelela ngoncedo. Nantsi into ekucetyiswa yiAmerican Academy of Neurology:

  • Ngokukhawuleza xa uqala ukuqaphela iimpawu zokubanjwa, gcina umkhondo wexesha. Uninzi lokuthimba luhlala phakathi kwemizuzu emibini ukuya kwemibini. Ukuba umntu unesathuthwane kwaye ukuxhuzula kuhlala ixesha elingaphezu kwemizuzu emithathu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911.
  • Ukuba umntu obanjiweyo umile, ungabathintela ukuba bangawi okanye bazenzakalise ngokubabamba okanye ubakhokele balalise phantsi.
  • Qiniseka ukuba bakude nefenitshala okanye ezinye izinto ezinokuwa phezu kwazo okanye zibangele ukwenzakala.
  • Ukuba umntu oxhuzulwayo uphantsi, zama ukubabeka ecaleni kwabo ukuze amathe okanye ukugabha kuphume emlonyeni wabo endaweni yokuwa phantsi kombhobho wabo womoya.
  • Musa ukufaka nantoni na emlonyeni womntu.
  • Sukuzama ukubabamba ngelixa babambe ukuxhuzula.

Emva kokuthimba

Nje ukuba ukuthinjwa kuphele, nantsi into ekufuneka uyenzile:

  • Jonga ukuba akukho mntu wenzakeleyo.
  • Ukuba awukwazanga ukuguqula umntu abe kwicala labo ngexa lokuthimba kwabo, kwenze oko xa kugqityiwe ukuhluthwa.
  • Sebenzisa umnwe wakho ukusula umlomo wabo ngamathe okanye ukugabha ukuba banengxaki yokuphefumla, kwaye ukhulule naziphi na iimpahla eziqinileyo entanyeni nasezihlahleni.
  • Hlala nabo de bavuke ngokupheleleyo kwaye baphaphile.
  • Banike indawo ekhuselekileyo nenokuphumla.
  • Musa ukubanika nantoni na ukuba batye okanye basele bade baqonde ngokupheleleyo kwaye bazi indawo ebangqongileyo.
  • Babuze ukuba baphi, bangobani, kwaye lusuku luni. Kungathatha imizuzu eliqela ukuba uqaphele kwaye ube nakho ukuphendula imibuzo yakho.

Iingcebiso ngokuphila nokuxhuzula

Kunokuba nzima ukuphila nesathuthwane. Kodwa ukuba unenkxaso efanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obupheleleyo nobusempilweni.

Fundisa abahlobo kunye nosapho

Fundisa abahlobo bakho kunye nosapho ngakumbi malunga nokuxhuzula kunye nendlela yokukukhathalela ngelixa uhlaselo lusenzeka.

Oku kubandakanya ukuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wokulimala njengokukhusela intloko, ukukhulula iimpahla eziqinileyo, kunye nokujika kwicala lakho ukuba ukugabha kwenzeka.

Khangela iindlela zokugcina impilo yakho yangoku

Qhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo ukuba kunokwenzeka, kwaye ufumane iindlela zokusebenza malunga nokuxhuzula kwakho ukuze ugcine indlela yakho yokuphila.

Umzekelo, ukuba awusavumelekanga ukuqhuba ngenxa yokuxhuzula, unokuthatha isigqibo sokufudukela kwindawo ehamba lula okanye enezithuthi zikawonke-wonke ezilungileyo okanye usebenzise iinkonzo zokwabelana ngokukhwela ukuze ube nokuhamba-hamba.

Ezinye iingcebiso

  • Fumana ugqirha olungileyo owenza uzive ukhululekile.
  • Zama iindlela zokuphumla ezinje ngeyoga, ukucamngca, i-tai chi, okanye ukuphefumla okunzulu.
  • Fumana iqela lenkxaso yokuxhuzula. Unokufumana indawo ngokujonga kwi-Intanethi okanye ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba anike iingcebiso.

Iingcebiso zokukhathalela umntu onesathuthwane

Ukuba uhlala nomntu onesifo sokuxhuzula, zikhona izinto onokuzenza ukunceda loo mntu:

  • Funda ngemeko yabo.
  • Yenza uluhlu lwamayeza abo, ukuqeshwa koogqirha, kunye nolunye ulwazi olubalulekileyo lwezonyango.
  • Thetha nomntu malunga nemeko yakhe kwaye yeyiphi indima angathanda ukuba uyidlale ekuncedeni.

Ukuba ufuna uncedo, fikelela kugqirha okanye kwiqela lenkxaso yokuxhuzula. Isiseko sokuwa sesinye isixhobo esincedayo.

Unokuthintela njani ukuxhuzula?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukubanjwa akukhuselekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunokukunika elona thuba lihle lokunciphisa umngcipheko. Unokwenza oku kulandelayo:

  • Lala ngokwaneleyo.
  • Yitya ukutya okusempilweni kwaye uhlale unamanzi amaninzi.
  • Zilolonge rhoqo.
  • Thatha inxaxheba kwiindlela zokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
  • Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokungekho mthethweni.

Ukuba usebenzisa amayeza okuxhuzula okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango, thatha njengoko ugqirha ekucebisa.

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