Ukunyamekela ngaphambi kokubeleka kwi-trimester yakho yokuqala

Itrimester ithetha "iinyanga ezi-3." Ukukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kuhlala malunga neenyanga ezili-10 kwaye une-3 trimesters.

Ikota yokuqala iqala xa umntwana wakho ekhulelwe. Iyaqhubeka ngeveki ye-14 yokukhulelwa kwakho. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo angathetha malunga nokukhulelwa kwakho kwiiveki, kunokuba kwiinyanga okanye kwiitrimesters.

Kuya kufuneka ucwangcise utyelelo lwakho lokuqala ngaphambi kokubeleka nje emva kokuba ufunde ukuba ukhulelwe. Ugqirha okanye umbelekisi uza:

• Zoba igazi lakho
• Yenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-pelvic
• Yenza i-Pap smear kunye neenkcubeko ukukhangela usulelo okanye iingxaki

Ugqirha wakho okanye umbelekisi uya kumamela ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana wakho, kodwa usenokungayiva. Rhoqo, ukubetha kwentliziyo akunakuviwa okanye kubonwe kwi-ultrasound de kube ziiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-7.

Ngexesha lotyelelo lokuqala, ugqirha wakho okanye umbelekisi uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga:

• Impilo yakho iyonke
• Naziphi na iingxaki zempilo onazo
• Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili
• Amayeza, amayeza, okanye iivithamini ozithathayo
• Nokuba uyazilolonga okanye hayi
• Nokuba uyatshaya okanye uyasela
• Nokuba wena okanye iqabane lakho uneengxaki zemfuza okanye iingxaki zempilo ezibaleka kusapho lwakho

Uya kuba notyelelo oluninzi ukuze uthethe ngesicwangciso sokubeleka. Usenokuxoxa ngayo nogqirha okanye umbelekisi kutyelelo lwakho lokuqala.

Utyelelo lokuqala iya kuba lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthetha malunga:

• Ukutya okusempilweni, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokwenza utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila ngelixa ukhulelwe
• Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa njengokudinwa, isitshisa, kunye nemithambo ye-varicose
• Ukulawula njani ukugula kwasekuseni
• Yintoni omele uyenze malunga nokopha kwilungu lobufazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni
• Yintoni onokuyilindela kutyelelo ngalunye

Uya kunikwa iivithamini zaphambi kokubeleka ngentsimbi ukuba awukazithathi.

Kwi-trimester yakho yokuqala, uya kuba notyelelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka inyanga nenyanga. Utyelelo lunokukhawuleza, kodwa lubalulekile. Kulungile ukuzisa iqabane lakho okanye umqeqeshi wezabasebenzi kunye nawe.

Ngexesha lotyelelo lwakho, ugqirha wakho okanye umbelekisi uza:

• Nika ubunzima bakho.
• Jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Jonga izandi zentliziyo yomntwana.
• Thatha isampulu yomchamo ukuvavanya iswekile okanye iproteni kumchamo wakho. Ukuba enye yezi ifunyenwe, oko kunokuthetha ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi olubangelwa kukukhulelwa.

Ekupheleni kotyelelo ngalunye, ugqirha wakho okanye umbelekisi uza kukuxelela ukuba loluphi utshintsho onokululindela ngaphambi kotyelelo lwakho olulandelayo. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba unengxaki okanye unengxaki. Kulungile ukuthetha ngabo nokuba awuziva ubalulekile okanye unxulumene nokukhulelwa kwakho.

Kutyelelo lwakho lokuqala, ugqirha okanye umbelekisi uza kutsala igazi kwiqela leemvavanyo ezibizwa ngokuba yiphaneli yokubeleka. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukufumana iingxaki okanye usulelo kwangethuba lokukhulelwa.

Iphaneli yovavanyo ibandakanya, kodwa ayikhawulelwanga:

• Inani elipheleleyo legazi (CBC)
• Ukuchwetheza igazi (kubandakanya iRh screen)
• Isikrini se-rubella wentsholongwane ye-antigen (oku kubonisa ukuba ukhuseleke kangakanani kwisifo iRubella)
• Iphaneli ye-Hepatitis (oku kubonisa ukuba unesifo se-hepatitis A, B, okanye C)
• Uvavanyo lweSyphilis
• Uvavanyo lwe-HIV (olu vavanyo lubonisa ukuba unayo na intsholongwane ebangela i-AIDS)
• Isikrini seCystic fibrosis (olu vavanyo lubonisa ukuba ungumphathi wecystic fibrosis)
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo kunye nenkcubeko

I-ultrasound yinkqubo elula, engenazintlungu. I-wand esebenzisa amaza esandi iya kubekwa esiswini sakho. Amaza esandi aya kuvumela ugqirha okanye umbelekisi ukuba ambone umntwana.

Kuya kufuneka ube ne-ultrasound eyenziwe kwikota yokuqala yokuqala ukufumana umbono womhla wakho omiselweyo.

Bonke abantu basetyhini banikwa uvavanyo lwemfuza kwiscreen sokufumana iziphene zokuzalwa kunye neengxaki zemfuza, ezinje nge-Down syndrome okanye ingqondo kunye neziphene zomqolo.

• Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba ufuna naluphi na olu vavanyo, thetha ukuba loluphi olulungele wena.
• Qiniseka ukuba ubuza malunga nokuba iziphumo zingathetha ntoni kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
• Umcebisi ngemfuza unokukunceda uqonde umngcipheko kunye neziphumo zovavanyo.
• Zininzi iindlela onokukhetha kuzo ngoku kuvavanyo lwemvelo. Olunye lolu vavanyo luthwala umngcipheko kusana lwakho, ngelixa abanye bengenalo.

Abasetyhini abanokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu kwezi ngxaki zemfuza kubandakanya:

• Abasetyhini abanemveku engekazalwa eneengxaki zemfuza ekukhulelweni kwangaphambili
• Abafazi, iminyaka engama-35 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu
• Abasetyhini abanembali yosapho eyomeleleyo yeziphene zokuzalwa ezizelwe njengelifa

Kuvavanyo olunye, umboneleli wakho unokusebenzisa i-ultrasound ukulinganisa umva wentamo yomntwana. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-nuchal translucency.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi luyenziwa kwakhona.
• Ngokudibeneyo, la manyathelo mabini aya kuxela ukuba umntwana usesichengeni sokuba ne-Down syndrome.
• Ukuba uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yiskrini esine-quadruple lwenziwe kwikota yesibini yesibini, iziphumo zovavanyo zombini zichanekile ngaphezu kokwenza uvavanyo lodwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuhlolwa okuhlangeneyo.

Olunye uvavanyo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-chorionic villus sampling (CVS), lunokubona i-Down syndrome kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwemfuzo kwiiveki ezili-10 zokukhulelwa.

Uvavanyo olutsha, olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-DNA yasimahla, lujonga iziqwenga zemfuza zosana lwakho kwisampulu yegazi elivela kunina. Olu vavanyo lutsha, kodwa lubonelela ngesithembiso esinyanisekileyo sokuchaneka ngaphandle komngcipheko wokuphuma kwesisu.

Kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokwenziwa kwikota yesibini yesibini.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unesixa esikhulu sokucaphuka kunye nokugabha.
• Uyopha okanye uyabamba.
• Unyukile ukubhobhoza okanye ukukhupha ngevumba.
• Unomkhuhlane, ukugodola, okanye iintlungu xa ugqitha umchamo.
• Unayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nempilo yakho okanye ukukhulelwa kwakho.

Unonophelo lokukhulelwa - kwikota yokuqala

UGregory KD, uRamos DE, uJauniaux ERM. Ukuqonda kwangaphambili kunye nokhathalelo lwaphambi kokubeleka. Ku: .Landon MB, Galan HL, Jauniaux ERM, et al, ii-eds. Ii-Obstetrics zikaGabbe: Ukukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kunye neengxaki. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 5.

IHobel CJ, ukhathalelo lukaWilliam J. Antepartum. Ku: IHacker N, iGambone JC, iHobel CJ, ii-eds. IHacker kunye neMoore's Essentials ye-Obstetrics kunye neGynecology. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 7.

UMagowan BA, uOwen P, uThomson A.Ukhathalelo lwasemva kokubeleka kunye nasemva kokubeleka. Ku: Magowan BA, Owen P, Thomson A, ii-eds. I-Clinical Obstetrics kunye neGynecology. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 22.

UWilliam DE, uPridjian G. Obstetrics. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 20.

• Ukunyamekela ngaphambi kokubeleka