Antihistamines komzimba

Ukungabikho komzimba kuyimpendulo yomzimba, okanye ukuphendula, kwizinto (i-allergen) ezingasoloko ziyingozi. Kumntu oneempawu zokwaliwa komzimba, impendulo yamajoni omzimba iyakhathaza. Xa ibona ukungabikho komzimba, amajoni omzimba aqala impendulo. Iikhemikhali ezinje ngee histamines ziyakhutshwa. Ezi khemikhali zibangela iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba.

Olunye uhlobo lwamayeza olunceda ukukhulula iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba yi-antihistamine.

I-Antihistamines ngamayeza anyanga iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba ngokuthintela iimpembelelo ze-histamine. I-Antihistamines iza njengeepilisi, iipilisi ezihlafunwayo, iicapsule, ulwelo kunye namaconsi wamehlo. Kukho neefom zesitofu ezisetyenziswa ikakhulu kuseto lokhathalelo lwempilo.

I-Antihistamines iyazinyanga ezi mpawu:

• Ukuxinana, ukuphuma empumlweni, ukuthimla, okanye ukurhawuzelela
• Ukudumba kweempumlo
• Imihlathi kunye nokunye ukuqubuka kolusu
• Ukurhawuzela, ukujikeleza kwamehlo

Ukunyanga iimpawu kunokunceda wena okanye umntwana wakho ukuba azive engcono emini kwaye alale ngcono ebusuku.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ungathatha i-antihistamines:

• Yonke imihla, ukunceda ukugcina iimpawu zemihla ngemihla ziphantsi kolawulo
• Kuphela xa uneempawu
• Ngaphambi kokuvezwa kwizinto ezihlala zibangela iimpawu zakho zokungabikho komzimba, ezifana nesilwanyana sasekhaya okanye izityalo ezithile

Kubantu abaninzi abanesifo sokungabikho komzimba, iimpawu zibi kakhulu malunga no-4 ukuya ku-6 ekuseni Ukuthatha i-antihistamine ngexesha lokulala kunokukunceda okanye umntwana wakho azive engcono kusasa ngexesha lokungabikho komzimba.

Ungathenga iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye neefom ze-antihistamines ngaphandle kommiselo.

• Abanye basebenza iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 kuphela, ngelixa abanye besebenza iiyure ezili-12 ukuya kweziyi-24.
• Ezinye zidityaniswe nesinyanzelo, iyeza elomisa iimpumlo zakho.

Buza umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-antihistamine kwaye loluphi uhlobo oluchanekileyo olufanelekileyo kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho. Qiniseka ukuba uyaqonda ukuba ungayisebenzisa kangakanani kwaye uyisebenzisa kangaphi ngosuku. Qiniseka ukuba ufunda iilebhile ngononophelo. Okanye buza usokhemesti wakho ukuba unemibuzo.

• Ezinye ii-antihistamines zibangela ukulala kancinci kunezinye. Oku kubandakanya i-cetirizine (Zyrtec), desloratadine (Clarinex), fexofenadine (Allegra), kunye ne-loratadine (Claritin).
• Musa ukusela utywala xa uthatha ii-antihistamines.

Kwakhona khumbula:

• Gcina ii-antihistamines kubushushu begumbi, kude nobushushu, ukukhanya ngokuthe ngqo, kunye nokufuma.
• Musa ukumisa ii-antihistamines.
• Gcina onke amayeza apho abantwana bengenakufikelela kuwo.

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba ii-antihistamines zikhuselekile kuwe okanye emntwaneni wakho, ziziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka uzijongile, kunye nendlela ii-antihistamines ezinokuwachaphazela ngayo amanye amayeza owathathayo okanye umntwana wakho.

• Ii-antihistamines kucingelwa ukuba zikhuselekile kubantu abadala.
• Uninzi lwe-antihistamines lukhuselekile kubantwana abangaphezulu kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.
• Ukuba uncelisa okanye ukhulelwe, cela umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba i-antihistamines ikhuselekile kuwe.
• Abantu abadala abathatha ii-antihistamines kufuneka bazi ukuba iyeza libachaphazela njani ngaphambi kokuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho uthatha ii-antihistamines, qiniseka ukuba iyeza alichaphazeli amandla okufunda omntwana wakho.

Kukho iindlela ezizodwa zokusebenzisa i-antihistamines ukuba unayo:

• Seswekile
• Ukwandiswa kweprostate okanye iingxaki zokudlulisa umchamo
• Isathuthwane
• Isifo sentliziyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ukunyuka koxinzelelo kwiso (glaucoma)
• Ukugqithisa kwe-thyroid

Imiphumo emibi ye-antihistamines ingabandakanya:

• Utshintsho kumbono, njengokungaboni kakuhle
• Ukunciphisa ukutya
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukozela
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Ndiziva ndiphakuzela, ndonwabile okanye ndicaphuka msinya

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Impumlo yakho iyacaphuka, uphuma igazi, okanye unazo naziphi na ezinye iimpawu zempumlo
• Iimpawu zakho zokungabikho komzimba aziphucuki
• Unengxaki yokuthatha ii-antihistamines zakho

I-allergen rhinitis - i-antihistamine; Urticaria - antihistamine; Isifo se-conjunctivitis - i-antihistamine; Urticaria - antihistamine; Dermatitis - antihistamine; Nokhwekhwe - antihistamine

ICorren J, i-Baroody FM, i-Togias A. Allergic kunye ne-nonallergic rhinitis. Ku: IBurks AW, iHolgate ST, u-O'Hehir RE, et al, ii-eds. I-Middleton's Allergy: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 40.

Seidman MD, Gurgel RK, Lin SY, okqhubekayo. Isikhokelo sokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi: i-rhinitis eyingozi. Intloko ye-Otolaryngol Surg. 2015; 152 (1 iSuppl): S1-S43. IINKCUKACHA: 25644617 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25644617/.

I-Wallace DV, i-Dykewicz MS, i-Oppenheimer J, iPortnoy JM, iLang DM. Unyango lwe-Pharmacologic ye-allergen rhinitis yamaxesha athile: i-synopsis yesikhokelo esivela kwiqela elidibeneyo le-2017 kwiiparameter zokuziqhelanisa. UAnn Intern Med. Ngo-2017; 167 (12): 876-881. IINKCUKACHA: 29181536 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29181536/.

• Unyango