I-COPD flare-ups

Iimpawu zesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga ezinokuthi zibe mandundu ngesiquphe. Usenokukufumanisa kunzima ukuphefumla. Unokukhohlela okanye uvuthe ngakumbi okanye uvelise i-phlegm engaphezulu. Unokuziva uxhalabile kwaye unengxaki yokulala okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla. Le ngxaki ibizwa ngokuba sisifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga (COPD), okanye i-COPD flare-up.

Izifo ezithile, ukubanda, kunye nokusuleleka kwimiphunga kwiintsholongwane okanye kwiibhaktheriya kungakhokelela kukuqhambuka. Ezinye izizathu zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuba phakathi komsi okanye ezinye izinto ezingcolisayo
• Utshintsho lwemozulu
• Ukwenza umsebenzi omninzi kakhulu
• Ukuqhutywa phantsi
• Ukuziva uxinezelekile okanye uxhalabile

Unako ukulawula i-flare-up kwangoko ngamayeza kunye nokuzikhathalela. Sebenza nomboneleli wakho wezempilo kwisicwangciso sokusebenza sokwanda kweCOPD ukuze wazi ukuba wenzeni.

Yazi iimpawu zakho eziqhelekileyo zeCOPD, iipateni zokulala, kwaye xa uneentsuku ezintle okanye ezimbi. Oku kunokukunceda ufunde umahluko phakathi kweempawu zakho eziqhelekileyo zeCOPD kunye neempawu zokuqhambuka.

Iimpawu ze-COPD flare-up yokugqibela kwiintsuku ezi-2 okanye nangaphezulu kwaye zinamandla ngakumbi kuneempawu eziqhelekileyo. Iimpawu ziba mandundu kwaye azihambi nje. Ukuba ukhula ngokupheleleyo, kuya kufuneka uye esibhedlele.

Iimpawu zokuqala eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Ingxaki yokubamba umphefumlo wakho
• Ingxolo, ukuvutha kwengxolo kuphefumla
• Ukukhohlela, ngamanye amaxesha kunencindi eninzi kunesiqhelo okanye utshintsho kumbala wencindi yakho

Olunye uphawu olunokubakho lokuqaqanjelwa luquka:

• Ukungakwazi ukuphefumla nzulu
• Kunzima ukulala
• Intloko yentsasa
• Intlungu zesisu
• Ixhala
• Ukudumba kwamaqatha okanye imilenze
• Ngwevu okanye mfiliba
• Imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye emfusa okanye iingcebiso zezipikili
• Unengxaki yokuthetha kwizivakalisi ezipheleleyo

Kwimiqondiso yokuqala yokuqhuma:

• Musa ukuphaphazela. Unokwazi ukugcina iimpawu zingabi zibi.
• Thatha amayeza njengokuyalela ukuvutha. Oku kunokubandakanya ii-inhalers zokunceda ngokukhawuleza, ii-steroids okanye ii-antibiotics ozithathayo ngomlomo, amayeza alwa noxinzelelo, okanye amayeza nge-nebulizer.
• Thatha i-antibiotics njengoko kuyalelwe ukuba umboneleli wakho ubamisele.
• Sebenzisa ioksijini ukuba umiselwe.
• Sebenzisa ukuphefumla ngomlomo okulandelayo ukuze wonge amandla, unciphise ukuphefumla kwakho, kwaye kukuncede uphumle.
• Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziba ngcono ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-48, okanye iimpawu zakho ziqhubeka ziba zimbi, tsalela umnikezeli wakho okanye uye esibhedlele.

Ukuba unayo iCOPD:

• Yeka ukutshaya kwaye uphephe ukutshaya. Ukuphepha umsi yeyona ndlela icothayo yokonakalisa imiphunga yakho. Buza umboneleli wakho malunga neenkqubo zokuyeka ukutshaya kunye nolunye ukhetho, olufana nonyango lokutshintsha intshongo.
• Thatha amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe.
• Buza umboneleli wakho malunga nokubuyiselwa kwimeko yesiqhelo yemiphunga. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukuzilolonga, ukuphefumla, kunye neengcebiso zesondlo.
• Jonga umboneleli wakho amaxesha ama-2 ukuya kwezi-2 ngonyaka ukwenzela ukukhangela, okanye rhoqo ukuba uyalelwa.
• Sebenzisa ioksijini ukuba umboneleli wakho uyayincoma.

Gwema imikhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane, kufuneka:

• Hlala kude nabantu abanomkhuhlane.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo. Phatha isicoci ngesandla ngesandla xa ungakwazi ukuhlamba izandla.
• Fumana zonke izitofu zakho zokugonya ezicetyiswayo, kubandakanya umkhuhlane otyhutyha unyaka nonyaka.
• Gwema umoya obanda kakhulu.
• Gcina izinto ezingcolisayo zomoya, ezifana nomsi womlilo kunye nothuli, ngaphandle kwekhaya lakho.

Phila impilo esempilweni:

• Hlala usebenza ngokukhawuleza. Zama ukuhamba okufutshane kunye nokuqeqesha ubunzima. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga neendlela zokuzilolonga.
• Thatha ikhefu rhoqo ngalo lonke usuku. Phumla phakathi kwemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ukonga amandla kwaye unike nemiphunga yakho ixesha lokuchacha.
• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni okunotyebileyo kwiiproteni, inyama, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno. Yitya izidlo ezimbalwa ngosuku.
• Sukusela ulwelo xa usitya. Oku kuyakukugcina ungaziva ugcwele kakhulu. Kodwa, qiniseka ukusela ulwelo ngamanye amaxesha ukuze ungafumani manzi emzimbeni.

Emva kokulandela isicwangciso sakho sokusebenza seCOPD, tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho kusekho:

• Kuya kusiba nzima
• Ngokukhawuleza kunangaphambili
• Yinzulu kwaye awukwazi ukufumana umphefumlo onzulu

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Kufuneka uncike phambili xa uhleli ukuze uphefumle lula
• Usebenzisa izihlunu ezijikeleze iimbambo zakho ukukunceda uphefumle
• Uba neentloko rhoqo
• Uziva uyozela okanye udidekile
• Unomkhuhlane
• Ukhohlela amafinyila amnyama
• Imilebe yakho, iminwe yakho, okanye ulusu olujikeleze iinzipho zakho luhlaza
• Unentlungu esifubeni okanye ungonwabanga
• Awunakuthetha kwizivakalisi ezipheleleyo

Ukunyuka kweCOPD; Ukuqaqanjelwa sisifo esingapheliyo semiphunga; Ukwanda kwe-Emphysema; Ukunyuka kwesifo se-bronchitis okungapheliyo

UCcriner GJ, uBourbeau J, uDiekemper RL, et al. Uthintelo lokonyuka okunamandla kweCOPD: Ikholeji yaseMelika yoGqirha besifuba kunye nesikhokelo seCanada Thoracic Society. Isifuba. Ngo-2015; 147 (4): 894-942. IINKCUKACHA: 25321320 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25321320.

Inyathelo leHlabathi leSifo seMiphunga esiNgapheliyo (GOLD). Isicwangciso sehlabathi sokufumanisa isifo, ukulawula kunye nokuthintela i-COPD: ingxelo ye-2019. igolidecopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/GOLD-2019-v1.7-FINAL-14Nov2018-WMS.pdf. Kufumaneka ngo-Oktobha 22, 2019.

UHan MK, uLazaro SC. I-COPD: ukufumanisa isifo kunye nolawulo. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 44.

• ICOPD