Isifo seTourette

I-Tourette syndrome yimeko ebangela ukuba umntu aphindaphinde, ukushukuma okukhawulezayo okanye izandi angenakuzilawula.

I-Tourette syndrome ibizwa ngegama likaGeorges Gilles de la Tourette, owaqala ukuchaza esi sifo ngo-1885. Esi sifo kungenzeka ukuba sidlula kwiintsapho.

Isifo sinokudityaniswa neengxaki kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho. Inokuba inento yokwenza nezinto zeekhemikhali (i-dopamine, i-serotonin, kunye ne-norepinephrine) encedisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo ukuba zisayinisane.

I-Tourette syndrome inokuba nobunzima okanye buthathaka. Abantu abaninzi abanee-tics ezimnene kakhulu abanakho ukubazi kwaye bangaze bafune uncedo lonyango. Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abaneendlela ezinzima zeTourette syndrome.

I-Tourette syndrome ngamaxesha ama-4 kunokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke kubafana njengamantombazana. Kukho amathuba angama-50% okuba umntu oneTourette syndrome ayigqithisele kubantwana bakhe.

Iimpawu zeTourette syndrome zihlala ziqwalaselwa okokuqala ebuntwaneni, phakathi kweminyaka esi-7 ukuya kweli-10. Uninzi lwabantwana abaneTourette syndrome banazo nezinye iingxaki zonyango. Oku kunokubandakanya ukungahambi kakuhle kwengqondo (ADHD), ukuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo (OCD), ukuphazamiseka kolawulo, okanye uxinzelelo.

Olona phawu lokuqala luqhelekileyo sisincu sobuso. Ezinye ii-tics zingalandela. I-tic yintshukumo yequbuliso, ekhawulezayo, ephindaphindwayo okanye yesandi.

Iimpawu zeTourette syndrome zinokuvela kwiintshukumo ezincinci, ezincinci (ezinje ngokugcuma, ukurhwebeshela, okanye ukukhohlela) kukuhamba rhoqo kunye nezandi ezingenakulawulwa.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zetics zingabandakanya:

• Ingalo iyajula
• Amehlo aqhwanyazayo
• Ukutsiba
• Ukukhaba
• Ukuphindaphinda umqala ukucoca okanye ukuhogela
• Ukuhlikihla amagxa

Iiteki zinokwenzeka amaxesha amaninzi ngemini. Bavame ukuphucula okanye ukuba mandundu ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Iitics zingatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Iimpawu zihlala zisiba mandundu ngaphambi kweminyaka yokufikisa.

Ngokuchasene nenkolelo edumileyo, bambalwa kuphela abantu abasebenzisa amagama aqalekisayo okanye amanye amagama okanye amabinzana angafanelekanga (coprolalia).

I-Tourette syndrome yahlukile kwi-OCD. Abantu abane-OCD baziva ngokungathi kufuneka benze isimilo. Ngamanye amaxesha umntu unokuba nazo zombini i-Tourette syndrome kunye ne-OCD.

Abantu abaninzi abane-Tourette syndrome banokuyeka ukwenza i-tic kangangexesha elithile. Kodwa bafumanisa ukuba i-tic yomelele kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokuba bayivumele ukuba iqale kwakhona. Rhoqo, i-tic iyacotha okanye iyeke xa ulele.

Akukho zilingo zelebhu zokufumanisa isifo seTourette. Umboneleli wezempilo uya kuthi enze uviwo ukuze akhuphe ezinye izizathu zeempawu.

Ukufumanisa ukuba une-Tourette syndrome, umntu kufuneka:

• Unemoto emininzi kunye neyodwa okanye ngaphezulu kwezwi, nangona ezi tics zingenakwenzeki ngaxeshanye.
• Yiba neetics ezenzeka amaxesha amaninzi ngemini, phantse yonke imihla okanye ukuvala nokucima, ixesha elingaphezulu konyaka omnye.
• Ndiqale iicics ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-18.
• Ungabinayo enye ingxaki yobuchopho enokubangela iimpawu.

Abantu abaneempawu ezinobulali abaphathwa. Kungenxa yokuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza zinokuba mbi kuneempawu zeTourette syndrome.

Uhlobo lonyango oluthethwayo (unyango lwengqondo lokuziphatha) olubizwa ngokuba kukuguqula umkhuba kunokunceda ukucinezela iicics.

Amayeza ahlukeneyo akhoyo ukunyanga iTourette syndrome. Iyeza elichanekileyo elisetyenzisiweyo lixhomekeke kwiimpawu nakwezinye iingxaki zonyango.

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ukhuthazo olunzulu lwengqondo lukhetho lwakho. Iyavavanywa kwezona mpawu ziphambili zesifo seTourette kunye nokuziphatha okunganyanzelekanga. Unyango alukhuthazwa xa ezi mpawu zivela kumntu omnye.

Olunye ulwazi kunye nenkxaso kubantu abaneTourette syndrome kunye neentsapho zabo zifumaneka:

• Umbutho waseTourette waseMelika - tourette.org/online-support-groups-tourette-syndrome/

Iimpawu zihlala zibi kakhulu ngexesha lokufikisa kwaye emva koko ziphuculwe ebudaleni. Kwabanye abantu, iimpawu zihamba ngokupheleleyo iminyaka embalwa kwaye zibuye zibuye. Kubantu abambalwa, iimpawu azibuyi kwaphela.

Iimeko ezinokuthi zenzeke kubantu abaneTourette syndrome zibandakanya:

• Imiba yokulawula umsindo
• Ukuqwalaselwa kwentsilelo yokuchaphazeleka kwengqondo (ADHD)
• Ukuziphatha okungxamisekileyo
• Ubume obungalunganga obuphambanisayo
• Izakhono zentlalo ezimbi

Ezi meko kufuneka zichongwe kwaye zinyangwe.

Yenza idinga nomnikezeli wakho ukuba wena okanye umntwana uneetics eziqatha okanye ezingapheliyo, okanye ukuba ziyaphazamisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

Akukho sithintelo saziwayo.

Isifo seGilles de la Tourette; Ukuphazamiseka kweTic-iTourette syndrome

Isifo sikaJankovic J. Parkinson kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuhamba. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 96.

UMartinez-Ramirez D, uJimenez-Shahed J, uLeckman JF, et al. Ukusebenza kunye nokukhuseleka kwengqondo eqinisekileyo kwi-Tourette syndrome: I-Database ye-International Tourette Syndrome Deep Brain Stimulation yoLuntu kunye neRegistry. IJAMA Neurol. 2018; 75 (3): 353-359. IINKCUKACHA: 29340590 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29340590/.

URyan CA, uWalter HJ, uDeMaso DR. Ukuphazamiseka kwemoto kunye nemikhwa. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 37.