Itorticollis

I-Torticollis yimeko apho izihlunu zentamo zibangela ukuba intloko ijike okanye ijikeleze icala.

I-Torticollis inokuba:

• Ngenxa yotshintsho kwimfuza, ezidla ngokudlula kusapho
• Ngenxa yeengxaki kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo, umqolo ongaphezulu, okanye izihlunu

Le meko inokwenzeka kwakhona ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo.

Nge-torticollis ekhoyo ekuzalweni, inokwenzeka ukuba:

• Intloko yomntwana yayikwindawo engeyiyo ngelixa ikhula esibelekweni
• Kwenzakala izihlunu okanye ukuhanjiswa kwegazi entanyeni

Iimpawu ze-torticollis zibandakanya:

• Ukuhamba okulinganiselweyo kwentloko
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukungcangcazela kwentloko
• Intlungu yomqala
• Igxalaba liphezulu kunenye
• Ukuqina kwemisipha yentamo
• Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yentamo (mhlawumbi ikhona ekuzalweni)

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Uviwo lunokubonisa:

• Intloko iyajikeleza, ithambekile, okanye ixhomekeke ngaphambili okanye ngasemva. Kwiimeko ezinzima, intloko yonke iyatsalwa kwaye ijike kwelinye icala.
• Imisipha emfutshane okanye emikhulu yentamo.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• X-reyi yentamo
• Uvavanyo lwe-CT lwentloko nentamo
• I-Electromyogram (EMG) ukubona ukuba zeziphi izihlunu ezichaphazeleka kakhulu
• I-MRI yentloko nentamo
• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga iimeko zonyango ezinxulunyaniswa ne-torticollis

Ukunyanga i-torticollis ekhoyo ekuzalweni kubandakanya ukolula umsipha wentamo omfutshane. Ukolula nje kunye nokubekwa kwindawo esetyenziswayo kusetyenziswa iintsana nabantwana abancinci. Ukolula nje, isixhobo esifana nomtya, umntu, okanye enye into isetyenziselwa ukubamba ilungu lomzimba kwindawo ethile. Olu nyango luhlala luphumelela, ngakumbi ukuba luqaliswe kwinyanga ezintathu zokuzalwa.

Ugqirha ukulungisa imisipha yentamo kunokwenziwa kwiminyaka yasesikolweni, ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango aziphumeleli.

I-Torticollis ebangelwa ngumonakalo kwinkqubo yeemvakalelo, umqolo, okanye izihlunu iyanyangwa ngokufumana unobangela wesifo kunye nokunyanga. Kuxhomekeke kwisizathu, unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Unyango lomzimba (ukusebenzisa ubushushu, ukubamba entanyeni, kunye nokuthambisa ukunceda ukukhulula iintlungu zentloko nezentamo).
• Ukuzolula imithambo kunye nentambo yomqala ukunceda ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
• Ukuthatha amayeza anje nge-baclofen ukunciphisa ukusikwa kwemisipha yentamo.
• Ukujova i-botulinum.
• Ukucofa inaliti yenqaku ukunciphisa iintlungu kwindawo ethile.
• Utyando lomqolo lunokufuneka xa i-torticollis ingenxa ye-vertebrae ekhutshiweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, utyando lubandakanya ukutshabalalisa eminye imithambo-luvo yemisipha yentamo, okanye ukusebenzisa ukuvuselela ingqondo.

Le meko kunokuba lula ukunyanga kwiintsana nasebantwaneni. Ukuba i-torticollis iba sisifo esinganyangekiyo, ukuba ndindisholo kunye nokutswina kunokukhula ngenxa yoxinzelelo lweengcambu zentsimbi entanyeni.

Iingxaki kubantwana zinokubandakanya:

• Isifo sentloko esisicaba
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso ngenxa yokunqongophala kokuhamba kwemisipha ye-sternomastoid

Iingxaki kubantu abadala zinokubandakanya:

• Ukudumba kwezihlunu ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo
• Iimpawu zenkqubo yovalo ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwiingcambu zentliziyo

Biza ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho ukuba iimpawu aziphucuki kunyango, okanye ukuba iimpawu ezintsha ziyavela.

I-Torticollis eyenzeka emva kokulimala okanye ngokugula kunokuba nzima. Funa uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko ukuba oku kuyenzeka.

Ngelixa kungekho ndlela yaziwayo yokuthintela le meko, unyango lwakwangoko lunokuthintela ukuba lungabi mandundu.

Spasmodic torticollis; Wry intamo; ILoxia; Idystonia yomlomo wesibeleko; Ukukhubazeka kwe-cock-robin; Intamo ephothiweyo; Isifo seGrisel

• I-Torticollis (intamo ye-wry)

UMarcdante KJ, uKleigman RM. Umqolo. Ku: UMarcdante KJ, uKleigman RM, ii-eds. UNelson oBalulekileyo kwiPediatrics. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 202.

Umhlophe KK, uBouchard M, uGoldberg MJ. Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zamathambo ezisanda kuzalwa. Ku: Gleason CA, Juul SE, ii-eds. Izifo zika-Avery Zomntwana osandul 'ukuzalwa. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahl. 101.