Umhlaza wepancreatic: oonobangela, unyango kunye nendlela onokuphila ngayo nomhlaza

Umxholo

• I-Chemotherapy kumhlaza wepancreatic
• Amayeza aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa
• Unobangela womhlaza wepancreatic
• Lwenziwa njani unyango lokuthomalalisa
• Ungahlala njani noMhlaza wePancreatic
• Ixesha lokuphila labantu abanomhlaza wepancreatic
• Amalungelo ezigulana ezinomhlaza wepancreatic

Unyango lomhlaza wepancreatic luyahlukahluka ngokuzibandakanya komzimba, inqanaba lokukhula komhlaza kunye nokubonakala kwemastastase, umzekelo.

Ke, imeko nganye kufuneka ihlolwe yi-oncologist ukuze kukhethwe enye yezi ndlela zonyango:

• Ugqirha: ngesiqhelo, kwenziwa xa umhlaza ungekaphumi ngaphandle kwelungu. Ekutyandweni, ummandla ochaphazelekayo wepancreas uyasuswa, kunye namanye amalungu asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuchaphazeleka, njengamathumbu okanye inyongo;
• Unyango ngemitha: inokusetyenziswa ngaphambi kotyando ukunciphisa ubungakanani bethumba, okanye emva kotyando ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza ezisele;
• Unyango ngamayeza: isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimeko eziphambili kwaye isebenzisa amayeza ngqo emthanjeni ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Xa kukho i-metastases, olu nyango lunokudityaniswa ne-radiotherapy ukufumana iziphumo ezingcono.

Ukongeza, zisekho iindlela zonyango olungenakuqinisekisa ukunyangwa kwesi sifo, kodwa ezinokunceda ekuthomalaliseni ezinye zeempawu okanye ziphucule iziphumo zonyango.

Nangona zininzi iindlela zokunyanga umhlaza wepancreatic, unyango ludla ngokuba nzima kakhulu, kuba nanjengoko esi sifo singazibonakalisi iimpawu kumanqanaba okuqala, sihlala sibonwa kuphela xa umhlaza sele unwenwele kwamanye amalungu.

Ukuba unyango luyasilela ukulwa nomhlaza, i-oncologist ihlala icebisa unyango lokuthomalalisa, olunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokuphucula intuthuzelo ngeentsuku zokugqibela zomntu.

I-Chemotherapy kumhlaza wepancreatic

I-Chemotherapy yenye yezona ndlela zisetyenziswayo kunyango lomhlaza wepancreatic, ngakumbi kwimeko yomhlaza we-exocrine, lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo nolona lubi kakhulu.

Ngokubanzi, ichemotherapy inokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezi-3 ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lonyango:

• Phambi kotyando: kunceda ukunciphisa ubungakanani ithumba, ukuququzelela ukususwa ngexesha lotyando;
• Emva kotyando: ivumela ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza ezingakhange zisuswe kuqhaqho;
• Endaweni yotyando: xa utyando lungenakusetyenziswa kuba umhlaza sele ugcwele okanye umntu akanazimo zokuhlinzwa.

Ukongeza, ichemotherapy inokudityaniswa ne-radiotherapy, esebenzisa i-radiation ukuphelisa iiseli zomhlaza, ukuba nesenzo esinamandla ngakumbi xa isetyenziswa kunye.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-chemotherapy yenziwa kwimijikelo, kwaye kuqhelekile ukuba iiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 zonyango, zigalelwe ixesha lokuphumla ukuze umzimba ubuye.

Iziphumo zechemotherapy emzimbeni ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kunyango olusetyenzisiweyo kunye nomthamo wazo, nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kubandakanya ukugabha, isicaphucaphu, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, ukulahleka kweenwele, izilonda zomlomo, urhudo, ukuqhina, ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nokopha. Ukongeza, abantu abafumana i-chemotherapy banomngcipheko okhulayo wokuba nosulelo. Funda ngakumbi malunga neempembelelo zechemotherapy emzimbeni kunye nendlela yokujongana nazo.

Amayeza aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa

Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu kunyango lwe-chemotherapy lomhlaza wepancreatic zezi:

• Gemcitabine;
• Erlotinib;
• Ifluorouracil;
• Irinotecan;
• I-Oxaliplatin;
• ICapecitabine;
• IPaclitaxel;
• Uxwebhu.

La machiza anokusetyenziswa ngokwahlukeneyo okanye ngokudibeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yezempilo yesigulana ngasinye.

Kwiimeko zomhlaza wokuphela kwepancreatic, ukuthatha la machiza akuyomfuneko, kwaye kuphela zii-analgesics ezomeleleyo ezicetyiswayo ukunciphisa iintlungu zesigulana kwinqanaba lokugqibela lobomi.

Unobangela womhlaza wepancreatic

Ezinye zezinto ezibangela umhlaza wepancreatic zezi:

• Ukutshaya ngokukuko okanye ngokungakhathali
• Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwamafutha, inyama kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo
• Ukuvezwa kweekhemikhali ezinje ngeziveliso zepetroleum kunye nezinto zokupenda, umzekelo
• Kwimeko yokuhlaselwa sisifo esingapheliyo okanye isifo seswekile esinganyangwa kakuhle

Zonke ezi zinto zikhankanyiwe apha ngasentla zinxulumene nokugcwala kakhulu kwi-pancreas kwaye nasiphi na esinye isifo esinokuthi sichaphazele ukubandakanyeka kweli lungu sinokuphelisa umhlaza wepancreatic.

Abantu abaneengxaki zokugaya ukutya ezinje nge-pancreatitis engapheliyo okanye abaye benza utyando ukulungisa isilonda esiswini, i-duodenum okanye abo basuswe inyongo banamathuba okuba nomhlaza wepancreatic kwaye kufuneka bazi imiqondiso yokuqala kunye neempawu zesifo.

Ukwenza uvavanyo lwegazi, ilindle, umchamo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 kunokuba luncedo kwaye ukuba naluphi na olu vavanyo lubonisa utshintsho olukhulu, ugqirha unokuyalela i-CT scan okanye iMRI ukuba igcine amalungu angaphakathi. Ukuba, phambi kolu vavanyo, ugqirha ufumanisa ukuba i-pancreas okanye isibindi sengozini, i-biopsy yethishu inokubonisa ubukho beeseli zomhlaza.

Lwenziwa njani unyango lokuthomalalisa

Unyango lwe-Palliative lomhlaza wepancreatic luboniswa xa isifo sifunyenwe kwinqanaba eliphambili kakhulu kwaye amathuba okunyanga ngonyango lincinci. Olu hlobo lonyango lujolise ekunciphiseni iintlungu kunye nokungonwabi kwesigulana, kwaye sinokwenziwa ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele okanye ekhaya, kusetyenziswa ii-analgesics ezinamandla ezinokuphelisa iintlungu.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe kwinqanaba eliphambili, qonda ixesha lokuphila lomntu onomhlaza wepancreatic.

Ungahlala njani noMhlaza wePancreatic

Ukuhlala nomhlaza wepancreatic akukho lula kwisigulana okanye kusapho. Isigulana kufuneka siqale unyango ngelixa sihlala esibhedlele se-oncology kwangoko xa kufunyaniswa ukuba isifo siqala unyango kwangoko.

Ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile kuba unyango lwamva luqalisiwe, kokukhona isifo siyasasazeka kwaye kufutshane nobomi bobomi kwaye iindlela ezimbalwa zonyango zinokwenzeka.

Ixesha lokuphila labantu abanomhlaza wepancreatic

Izinga lokusinda kwabaguli abanomhlaza wepancreatic liyahluka ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-5 kwaye kuya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani, indawo kunye nokuba ngaba eli thumba linemetastasized okanye hayi.

Emva kokuqwalaselwa kwezonyango kunye nezifundo zeklinikhi, isiguli singathunyelwa ekhaya, kodwa kufuneka sibuyele kwiintsuku ezimiselwe ngoogqirha ukuba bayokwenza utyando ukuze kususwe ithumba ukuze liqhubeke nonyango lweziyobisi kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, lenze iiseshoni ze-radiotherapy.

Amalungelo ezigulana ezinomhlaza wepancreatic

Ukuqinisekisa isigulana kunye nosapho, isigulana esinomhlaza sinamalungelo anje ngala:

• Ukurhoxa kwi-FGTS, PIS / PASEP;
• Izithuthi zikawonke-wonke zasimahla;
• Okuphambili kwinkqubela phambili yeenkqubo zomthetho;
• Uncedo lwezifo;
• Ngokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngokukhubazeka;
• Ukuxolelwa kwiRhafu yeNgeniso;
• Isibonelelo senzuzo ebonelelwe yi-INSS (fumana umvuzo omncinci oyi-1 ngenyanga);
• Iziyobisi zasimahla;
• Fumana isicwangciso sepenshini sabucala.

Amanye amalungelo aquka ukufunyanwa koxolelo ngenxa yeinshorensi yobomi kunye nokuhlaliswa kwekhaya, kuxhomekeke kwisivumelwano esisayinwe sisigulana ngaphambi kokuba sifunyaniswe sinesi sifo.