Ukuqonda isifo sentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo ligama elibanzi leengxaki zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi. Ezi ngxaki zihlala zibangelwa yi-atherosclerosis. Le meko yenzeka xa amanqatha kunye necholesterol yakheka kwiindonga zegazi (umthambo). Olu lwakhiwo lubizwa ngokuba lucwecwe. Ngexesha elide, i-plaque inokunciphisa imithambo yegazi kwaye ibangele iingxaki kuwo wonke umzimba. Ukuba umthambo uvaliwe, oko kunokukhokelela ekuhlaselweni sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Isifo sentliziyo (ICD) lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwesifo sentliziyo, kuxa ipleyiti isakha kwimithambo ekhokelela entliziyweni. I-CHD ikwabizwa ngokuba sisifo se-coronary artery disease (CAD). Xa imithambo imxinwa, intliziyo ayinakufumana gazi laneleyo neoksijini. Umthambo ovalekileyo unokubangela isifo sentliziyo. Ixesha elingaphezulu, i-CHD inokuyenza buthathaka imisipha yentliziyo kwaye ibangele ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye i-arrhythmias.

Ukumelwa yintliziyo kwenzeka xa izihlunu zentliziyo ziba lukhuni okanye zibuthathaka. Ayinakho ukumpompa igazi eline-oksijini eyaneleyo, ebangela iimpawu emzimbeni wonke. Le meko inokuchaphazela kuphela icala lasekunene okanye icala lasekhohlo lentliziyo. Rhoqo, omabini amacala entliziyo ayabandakanyeka. Uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye neCAD zizinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ukusilela kwentliziyo.

Arrhythmias ziingxaki zentliziyo (ukubetha kwentliziyo) okanye isingqisho sentliziyo. Oku kwenzeka xa inkqubo yombane yentliziyo ingasebenzi kakuhle. Intliziyo ingabetha kakhulu, icothe, okanye ingalingani. Ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo, ezinje ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo kunokubangela iingxaki kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo. Abanye abantu bazalwa benesifo.

Izifo zentliziyo yevalvu zenzeka xa enye yezivalo ezine entliziyweni ingasebenzi kakuhle. Igazi liyakwazi ukuvuza ngevalve kwicala elingalunganga (elibizwa ngokuba kukuphinda kwenziwe kwakhona), okanye ivelufa ayinakho ukuvula ngokwaneleyo kwaye ivimbe ukuhamba kwegazi (okubizwa ngokuba yistenosis). Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, okubizwa ngokuba kukukrokra kwentliziyo, sesona sifo siqhelekileyo. Ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo, ezinje ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, okanye usulelo, kunokubangela isifo sentliziyo. Abanye abantu bazalwa benengxaki yevalve yentliziyo.

Imithambo yegazi lomda kwenzeka xa imithambo emilenzeni nasezinyaweni zakho iba mxinwa ngenxa yokwanda kweplate. Imithambo emxinwa inciphisa okanye ibhloka ukuhamba kwegazi. Xa igazi neoksijini zingenakufika emilenzeni, inokulimaza imithambo-luvo kunye nezicubu.

Uxinzelelo lwegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi)sisifo sentliziyo esinokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki ezinje ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukusilela kwentliziyo kunye nokubetha.

Ukubetha kubangelwa kukusilela kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo. Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yegazi elihamba liye kwimithambo yegazi kwingqondo, okanye ukopha kwingqondo. I-Stoke inezinto ezinobungozi obufanayo nesifo sentliziyo.

Isifo sentliziyo yingxaki ngokwakhiwa kwentliziyo kunye nomsebenzi okhoyo ekuzalweni. Isifo sentliziyo esikhulelweyo sinokuchaza inani leengxaki ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela intliziyo. Luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesiphene sokuzalwa.

UGoldman L. Indlela eya kwisigulana enokubakho sisifo sentliziyo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 45.

INewby DE, iGrubb NR. Yentliziyo. Ku: Ralston SH, ID esisigxina, Strachan MWJ, Hobson RP, eds. Imigaqo kaDavidson kunye nokuSebenza kweyeza. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; I-2018: isahluko 16.

I-Toth PP, i-Shammas NW, i-Foreman B, i-Byrd JB, i-Brook RD. Isifo sentliziyo. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 27.

• Izifo Zentliziyo