Ukulala

Ukulala kukuphazamiseka okwenzekayo xa abantu behamba okanye besenza eminye imisebenzi ngelixa baleleyo.

Umjikelo oqhelekileyo wokulala unezigaba, ukusuka ekozeni ukukhanya ukuya kubuthongo obunzulu. Ngexesha lesigaba esibizwa ngokuba kukuhamba kwamehlo ngokukhawuleza (REM) ukulala, amehlo ahamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukuphupha ngokucacileyo kuqhelekile.

Busuku ngabunye, abantu bahamba imijikelezo emininzi yokungalali kunye ne-REM. Ukulala (somnambulism) kuhlala kwenzeka ngexesha lokulala okunzulu, okungekho kwe-REM (ekuthiwa kukulala kwe-N3) kwasebusuku.

Ukulala ngokulala kuqheleke kakhulu ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci kunasebekhulile. Kungenxa yokuba njengokuba abantu bekhula, balala kancinci kwi-N3. Ukulala kuhlala kubaleka kwiintsapho.

Ukukhathala, ukungabikho kokulala, kunye noxinzelelo konke kunxulunyaniswa nokulala. Kubantu abadala, ukuhamba ngokulala kunokwenzeka ngenxa:

• Utywala, ukuthomalalisa, okanye amanye amayeza, anje ngeepilisi zokulala
• Iimeko zonyango, ezinjengokubanjwa
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo

Kubantu abadala abadala, ukuhamba ngokulala kunokuba luphawu lwengxaki yonyango ebangela ukwehla kokusebenza kwengqondo kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Xa abantu belele, banokuhlala phantsi bajonge ngokungathi bavukile xa belele. Basenokuphakama bahambe-hambe. Okanye benza izinto ezintsonkothileyo njengokuhambisa ifanitshala, ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela, nokunxiba okanye ukukhulula. Abanye abantu bade baqhube imoto ngelixa belele.

Isiqendu sinokuba sifutshane kakhulu (imizuzwana embalwa okanye imizuzu) okanye inokuhlala imizuzu engama-30 okanye ngaphezulu. Uninzi lweziqendu zihlala kwimizuzu engaphantsi kwe-10. Ukuba abaphazanyiswa, abahambahambayo baya kubuya balale. Kodwa banokulala kwindawo eyahlukileyo okanye engaqhelekanga.

Iimpawu zokuhamba ngokulala zibandakanya:

• Ukwenza ukubhideka okanye ukudideka xa umntu evuka
• Ukuziphatha okungalawulekiyo xa uvuswa ngomnye umntu
• Ukubonakala okungenanto ebusweni
• Ukuvula amehlo ngexesha lokulala
• Andikhumbuli isiqendu sokulala xa bevuka
• Ukwenza imisebenzi eneenkcukacha zalo naluphi na uhlobo ngexesha lokulala
• Ukuhlala kunye nokubonakala uvukile ngexesha lokulala
• Ukuthetha ngexesha lokulala nokuthetha izinto ezingenangqondo
• Ukuhamba ngexesha lokulala

Ngokwesiqhelo, iimviwo novavanyo azifuneki. Ukuba i-sleepwalking yenzeka rhoqo, umboneleli wezempilo unokwenza uvavanyo okanye iimvavanyo ukulawula ezinye iingxaki (ezinjengokubanjwa).

Ukuba umntu unembali yeengxaki zeemvakalelo, banokufuna kuvavanyo lwempilo yengqondo ukukhangela izizathu ezinje ngoxinzelelo olukhulu okanye uxinzelelo.

Uninzi lwabantu aludingi unyango oluthile lokulala.

Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza anje ngee-tranquilizers ezisebenza ngokufutshane ayanceda ekunciphiseni iziqendu zokulala.

Abanye abantu ngempazamo bakholelwa ukuba umntu ohamba ngokulala akufuneki avuswe. Akuyongozi ukuvusa umntu oleleyo, nangona kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umntu adideke okanye adideke ixeshana elifutshane xa evuka.

Enye into ephosakeleyo kukuba umntu akanakonzakala ngelixa elele. Abantu abalala ngokulala bayenzakala xa bekhubeka kwaye baphulukana nebhalansi yabo.

Amanyathelo okhuseleko anokufuneka ukuthintela ukwenzakala. Oku kunokubandakanya ukuhambisa izinto ezinje ngeentambo zombane okanye ifanitshala ukunciphisa ithuba lokukhubeka nokuwa. Izinyuko kunokufuneka zivaliwe ngesango.

Ukuhamba ngokulala kuhlala kuncipha njengoko abantwana bekhula. Ihlala ingabonisi ukuphazamiseka okunzulu, nangona inokuba luphawu lokunye ukuphazamiseka.

Akuqhelekanga kubantu abalala ukuba benze imisebenzi eyingozi. Kodwa kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okuthintela ukwenzakala njengokuwa phantsi kwezinyuko okanye ukunyuka ngefestile.

Ngokuqinisekileyo awudingi kutyelela umboneleli wakho. Xoxa ngemeko yakho nomboneleli wakho ukuba:

• Unazo nezinye iimpawu
• Ukuhamba ngokulala kuhamba rhoqo okanye kuyaqhubeka
• Wenza imisebenzi eyingozi (njengokuqhuba) ngelixa ulele

Ukuhamba ngokulala kunokuthintelwa ngoku kulandelayo:

• Sukusebenzisa utywala okanye amayeza athomalalisa uxinzelelo xa ulala.
• Kuphephe ukungalali ngokwaneleyo, kwaye uzame ukunqanda ukulala, kuba oku kunokubangela ukuhamba.
• Kuphephe okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo, unxunguphalo, kunye nokungqubana, okunokuthi kuyenze mandundu imeko.

Ukuhamba ngexesha lokulala; Somnambulism

I-Avidan AY. Ukungahambi ngokukhawuleza kwamehlo iiparasomnias: ukubonwa kweklinikhi, iimpawu zokuqonda isifo kunye nolawulo. Ku: Kryger M, Roth T, Dement WC, ii-eds. Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa neyeza lokulala. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 102.

IChokroverty S, Avidan AY. Ukulala kunye nokuphazamiseka kwayo. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl. 102.