Dermatomyositis

I-Dermatomyositis sisifo semisipha esibandakanya ukudumba kunye nerhashalala. I-Polymyositis yimeko efanayo yokuvuvukala, ekwabandakanya ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukudumba, ukuthamba, kunye nokonakala kwethishu kodwa akukho rhashalala. Zombini ziyinxalenye yeqela elikhulu lesifo ekuthiwa yi-myopathy yokuvuvukala.

Unobangela wedermatomyositis awaziwa. Iingcali zicinga ukuba kungenxa yosulelo lwentsholongwane lwezihlunu okanye ingxaki kumasosha omzimba. Inokwenzeka kwakhona kubantu abanomhlaza esiswini, emiphungeni, okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Nabani na onokuphuhlisa le meko. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-15 kunye nabantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60. Ichaphazela abasetyhini rhoqo kunamadoda.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukuqina, okanye ukukhathazeka
• Iingxaki zokuginya
• Umbala omfusa kwiinkophe ezingasentla
• Ukudumba kolusu olubomvu
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Ubuthathaka bemisipha bunokuza ngesiquphe okanye bukhule kancinci kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga. Unokuba nengxaki yokuphakamisa iingalo zakho phezu kwentloko yakho, ukuphakama kwindawo ohleli kuyo, kunye nokunyuka kwezinyuko.

Irhashalala inokuvela ebusweni bakho, amaqhuma, intamo, amagxa, isifuba esingaphezulu kunye nasemva.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Uvavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga amanqanaba e-enzymes yemisipha ebizwa ngokuba yi-creatine phosphokinase kunye ne-aldolase
• Uvavanyo lwegazi kwizifo ezizimele
• ECG
• Umbane we-Electromyography (EMG)
• Imagnetic resonance imaging (iMRI)
• Imisipha biopsy
• Ulusu lwe-biopsy
• Olunye uvavanyo lokuvavanywa komhlaza
• I-x-ray yesifuba kunye novavanyo lwe-CT lwesifuba
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga
• Ukuginya isifundo
• I-Myositis ekhethekileyo kunye ne-autoantibodies ehambelana nayo

Unyango oluphambili kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza e-corticosteroid. Idosi yeyeza icothwa kancinci njengoko amandla emisipha ephucula. Oku kuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6. Unokuhlala kwidosi ephantsi yeyeza zecorticosteroid emva koko.

Amayeza okucinezela amajoni omzimba anokusetyenziselwa ukutshintsha ii-corticosteroids. La machiza anokubandakanya i-azathioprine, methotrexate okanye mycophenolate.

Unyango olunokuvavanywa xa isifo sihlala sisebenza ngaphandle kwala mayeza:

• Igamma globulin efakwa ngaphakathi
• Iziyobisi zebhayoloji

Xa izihlunu zakho zisomelela, umboneleli wakho unokukuxelela ukuba unciphise kancinci iidosi zakho. Abantu abaninzi abanale meko kufuneka bathathe iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-prednisone ubomi babo bonke.

Ukuba umhlaza ubangela imeko, ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokukhawuleza kunokuba ngcono xa kususwa ithumba.

Iimpawu zinokuhamba ngokupheleleyo kwabanye abantu, njengabantwana.

Le meko inokubulala kubantu abadala ngenxa:

• Ubuthathaka obukhulu bemisipha
• Ukungondleki
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga
• Ukungaphumeleli kwemiphunga

Oonobangela abakhulu bokufa kwale meko ngumhlaza kunye nesifo semiphunga.

Abantu abanesifo semiphunga kunye ne-anti-MDA-5 antibody banesifo esingalunganga nangona kunyango lwangoku.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Isifo semiphunga
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso
• Umhlaza (isifo)
• Ukudumba kwentliziyo
• Intlungu edibeneyo

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba unobuthathaka okanye ezinye iimpawu zale meko.

• Dermatomyositis - Gottron papule
• I-Dermatomyositis - iipilisi zeGottron esandleni
• I-Dermatomyositis - iinkophe ze-heliotrope
• Dermatomyositis emilenzeni
• Dermatomyositis - Gottron papule
• IParonychia - yomlo
• Dermatomyositis - heliotrope irhashalala ebusweni

UAggarwal R, uMkhweli weLG, uRuperto N, et al. Ngo-2016 i-American College ye-Rheumatology / i-European League ngokuchasene ne-Rheumatism Criteria ye-Minimal, Moderate, kunye ne-Major Clinical Response kwi-Dermatomyositis yabantu abadala kunye ne-Polymyositis: Uvavanyo lwe-International Myositis kunye neQela loPhando lweKlinikhi / i-Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Initiative. Isifo samathambo Rheumatol. Ngo-2017; 69 (5): 898-910. IINKCUKACHA: 28382787 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28382787.

UDalakas MC. Izifo zemisipha ezivuthayo. N Engl J Med. 2015; 373 (4): 393-394. IINKCUKACHA: 26200989 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26200989.

INagaraju K, Gladue HS, iLundberg IE. Izifo ezivuthayo zemisipha kunye nezinye i-myopathies. Ku: Firestein GS, Budd RC, Gabriel SE, McInnes IB, O'Dell JR, ii-eds. Incwadi kaKelley kunye neFirestein yeRheumatology. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 85.

Umbutho weSizwe weZinto eziNqabileyo kwiwebhusayithi. Dermatomyositis. irarediseases.org/rare-diseases/dermatomyositis/. Ifunyenwe ngo-Epreli 1, 2019.