Umhlaza weVulvar

Umhlaza weVulvar ngumhlaza oqala kwilungu lobufazi. Umhlaza weVulvar uhlala uchaphazela i-labia, iifolokhwe zolusu ngaphandle kwelungu lobufazi. Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza we-vulvar uqala kwi-clitoris okanye kwiidlala kumacala ovulo lobufazi.

Uninzi lwee-cancer ze-vulvar ziqala kwiiseli zolusu ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zesquamous. Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ezifumaneka kwilungu lobufazi zezi:

• Adenocarcinoma
• Isiseko se-carcinoma yeseli
• Melanoma
• ISarcoma

Umhlaza weVulvar unqabile. Izinto zomngcipheko zibandakanya:

• Intsholongwane ye-papilloma virus (i-HPV, okanye i-genital warts) yosulelo kubafazi abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50
• Utshintsho lolusu olungapheliyo, njenge-lichen sclerosis okanye i-squamous hyperplasia kubafazi abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50
• Imbali yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko okanye umhlaza welungu lobufazi
• Ukutshaya

Abasetyhini abanemeko ekuthiwa yi-vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) banomngcipheko ophezulu wokuba nomhlaza we-vulvar osasazekayo. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-VIN, nangona kunjalo, azikhokeleli kumhlaza.

Eminye imingcipheko enokubakho inokubandakanya:

• Imbali yokungaqhelekanga kwePap smears
• Ukuba namaqabane amaninzi owabelana nawo ngesondo
• Ukuba neentlobano zesini zokuqala kwi-16 okanye encinci

Abasetyhini abanale meko baya kuhlala benorhatyazo olujikeleze ubufazi iminyaka. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba basebenzise izithambiso zolusu ezahlukeneyo. Banokuphuma okanye baphume ngaphandle kwexesha labo.

Olunye utshintsho lolusu olunokuthi luvele malunga ne-vulva:

• Imole okanye ibala, elinokuba lipinki, bomvu, mhlophe, okanye ngwevu
• Ukuqina kwesikhumba okanye iqhuma
• Ulusu lubuhlungu (isilonda)

Ezinye iimpawu:

• Intlungu okanye ukutshisa ngokuchama
• Intlungu ngokulalana
• Ivumba elingaqhelekanga

Abanye abantu basetyhini abanomdlavuza we-vulvar abanazimpawu.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo somhlaza:

• Uqhaqho
• I-CT scan okanye i-MRI yesinqe ukukhangela ukusasazeka komhlaza
• Uvavanyo lwePelvic ukukhangela naluphi na utshintsho lolusu
• Ukuskena i-Positron emission tomography (PET)
• IColposcopy

Unyango lubandakanya utyando lokususa iiseli zomhlaza. Ukuba ithumba likhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-2 cm) okanye likhule ngokunzulu kulusu, ii-lymph node kwindawo ye-groin zinokususwa.

I-radiation, kunye okanye ngaphandle kwe-chemotherapy, ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga:

• Amathumba aphezulu angenakunyangwa ngoqhaqho
• Umhlaza weVulvar obuyayo

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza. Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda ungaziva ulilolo.

Uninzi lwabasetyhini abanomhlaza we-vulvar abafunyanisiweyo kwaye baphathwe kwinqanaba lokuqala benza kakuhle. Kodwa isiphumo somfazi sixhomekeke:

• Ubungakanani bethumba
• Uhlobo lomhlaza we-vulvar
• Nokuba umhlaza usasazekile

Umhlaza uqhele ukubuyela kwindawo ekufutshane okanye ecaleni kwayo.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukusasazeka komhlaza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba
• Imiphumo emibi ye-radiation, ukuhlinzwa, okanye i-chemotherapy

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini:

• Ukucaphuka kwendawo
• Utshintsho lombala wolusu
• Intlungu enkulu kwi-vulva

Ukuziqhelanisa nokwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekileyo kunokuwunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo somhlaza. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iikhondom ukuzikhusela kwizifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo.

Iyeza liyafumaneka ukukhusela kwiindlela ezithile zosulelo lwe-HPV. Iyeza livunyiwe ukuthintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye neentsumpa kumalungu angasese. Inokukunceda ukuthintela eminye imihlaza enxulunyaniswe ne-HPV, njengomhlaza womhlaza. Iyeza linikwa amantombazana amancinci ngaphambi kokuba aqale ukwabelana ngesondo, nakwishumi elivisayo nakwabasetyhini ukuya kuthi ga kuma-45 eminyaka.

Ukuvavanywa rhoqo kwe-pelvic kunokunceda ekufumaneni umhlaza we-vulvar kwinqanaba lokuqala. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kuphucula amathuba akho ukuba unyango luya kuphumelela.

Umhlaza - isisu; Umhlaza - perineum; Umhlaza - i-vulvar; Iimfazwe zangasese - umhlaza wesifo somhlaza; Umhlaza we-HPV - umhlaza

• I-anatomy yomntu obhinqileyo

IFrumovitz M, iBodurka DC. Izifo ze-Neoplastic ze-vulva: i-lichen sclerosus, i-intraepithelial neoplasia, isifo se-paget, kunye ne-carcinoma. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, ii-eds. Gynecology egqibeleleyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 30.

UJhingran A, uRussell AH, uSeiden MV, et al. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ubufazi, kunye nelungu lobufazi. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 84.

U-Koh WJ, uGreer BE, u-Abu-Rustum NR, et al. Umhlaza weVulvar, Inguqulelo 1.2017, iNCCN Izikhokelo zokuziqhelanisa neKlinikhi kwiOncology. J Natl Compr Umhlaza weNetw. Ngo-2017; 15 (1): 92-120. IINKCUKACHA: 28040721 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28040721/.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lomhlaza weVulvar (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/vulvar/hp/vulvar-unyango-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 30, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngoJanuwari 31, 2020.