Ischizophrenia

ISchizophrenia sisifo sengqondo esenza ukuba kube nzima ukwahlula phakathi kwento yokwenene nenganyaniyo.

Kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukucinga ngokucacileyo, ube neempendulo eziqhelekileyo kwiimvakalelo, kwaye wenze ngokwesiqhelo kwiimeko zentlalo.

ISchizophrenia sisifo esimbaxa. Iingcali zempilo yengqondo aziqinisekanga ukuba zibangelwa yintoni. Imfuza inokudlala indima.

I-Schizophrenia yenzeka kumadoda amaninzi njengabafazi. Ihlala iqala kwinqanaba lokufikisa okanye kwiminyaka yobudala yobudala, kodwa inokuqala kamva ebomini. Kwabasetyhini, ihlala iqala kancinci kamva.

I-Schizophrenia ebantwaneni ihlala iqala emva kweminyaka yobudala 5. I-schizophrenia yobuntwana inqabile kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuyichaza ngaphandle kwezinye iingxaki zophuhliso.

Iimpawu zihlala zikhula kancinci ngaphezulu kweenyanga okanye iminyaka. Umntu unokuba neempawu ezininzi, okanye ezimbalwa.

Abantu abane-schizophrenia banokuba nengxaki yokugcina abahlobo kunye nokusebenza. Banokuba neengxaki zoxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, kunye neengcinga zokuzibulala okanye iindlela zokuziphatha.

Iimpawu zokuqala zinokubandakanya:

• Iimvakalelo ezicaphukisayo
• Ingxaki yokujonga
• Ingxaki yokulala

Njengoko ukugula kuqhubeka, umntu unokuba neengxaki zokucinga, iimvakalelo kunye nokuziphatha, kubandakanya:

• Ukuva okanye ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo (ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo)
• Ukubekwa wedwa
• Ukunciphisa iimvakalelo kwithoni yelizwi okanye ukubonakalisa ubuso
• Iingxaki ngokuqonda kunye nokwenza izigqibo
• Iingxaki zokujonga kunye nokulandela imisebenzi
• Iinkolelo ezigcinwe ngokuqinileyo ezingezizo (ubuqhetseba)
• Ukuthetha ngendlela engavakaliyo

Akukho luvavanyo lonyango lokuchonga isifo sengqondo. Ugqirha wezifo zengqondo kufuneka amvavanye umntu kwaye enze isifo. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokusekwe kudliwanondlebe lomntu kunye namalungu osapho.

Ugqirha wezifo zengqondo uya kubuza malunga noku kulandelayo:

• Zide kangakanani iimpawu
• Utshintshe njani amandla omntu okusebenza
• Imvelaphi yophuhliso lomntu yayinjani
• Malunga nembali yomntu yemfuza kunye neyosapho
• Asebenze kakuhle kangakanani amayeza
• Nokuba umntu uneengxaki zokusebenzisa gwenxa iziyobisi
• Ezinye iimeko zonyango umntu anazo

Izikena zeBongo (ezinje nge-CT okanye iMRI) kunye novavanyo lwegazi kunokunceda ukulawula ezinye iimeko ezineempawu ezifanayo.

Ngexesha lesiqendu se-schizophrenia, umntu unokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko.

AMAYEZA

Amachiza antipsychotic lolona nyango lusebenzayo lwe-schizophrenia. Batshintsha ukulingana kweekhemikhali kwingqondo kwaye banokunceda ukulawula iimpawu.

La machiza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kodwa uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokulawulwa. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga akufuneki zithintele umntu ekubeni afumane unyango ngenxa yale meko imbi kangaka.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezivela kwi-antipsychotic zingabandakanya:

• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Iimvakalelo zokungazinzi okanye ukonwaba
• Ukulala (ukuhlala)
• Ukuhamba kancinci
• Ukungcangcazela
• Ukutyeba kwakho
• Seswekile
• Cholesterol ephezulu

Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-antipsychotic kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphazamiseka kwentshukumo obizwa ngokuba yi-tardive dyskinesia. Le meko ibangela ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiweyo umntu angenako ukukulawula. Fowunela umboneleli wezempilo kwangoko ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye ilungu losapho lwakho ninokuba nale meko ngenxa yeyeza.

Xa i-schizophrenia ingaphucuki nge-antipsychotic, amanye amayeza anokuzama.

ISchizophrenia sisigulo sobomi bonke. Uninzi lwabantu abanale meko bafuna ukuhlala kwi-antipsychotic ebomini.

IINKQUBO ZENKXASO NEZONYANGO

Unyango lwenkxaso lunokuba luncedo kubantu abaninzi abane-schizophrenia. Iindlela zokuziphatha, ezinje ngoqeqesho lwezakhono zentlalo, zinokunceda umntu ukuba asebenze ngcono kwiimeko zentlalo kunye nasemsebenzini. Uqeqesho lomsebenzi kunye neeklasi zokwakha ubudlelwane nazo zibalulekile.

Amalungu osapho kunye nabanonopheli babaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lonyango. Unyango lunokufundisa ngezakhono ezibalulekileyo, ezinje:

• Ukujamelana neempawu eziqhubekayo, nokuba uthatha amayeza
• Ukulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni, kubandakanya ukulala ngokwaneleyo kunye nokuhlala kude neziyobisi zokuzonwabisa
• Ukuthatha amayeza ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga
• Ukujonga ukubuya kweempawu, kwaye wazi ukuba wenzeni xa bebuya
• Ukufumana iinkonzo zenkxaso ezifanelekileyo

Imbonakalo kunzima ukuyichaza. Uninzi lwexesha, iimpawu ziyaphucuka ngamayeza. Kodwa abantu abaninzi banokuba nengxaki yokusebenza. Basemngciphekweni weziqendu eziphindaphindwayo, ngakumbi kwinqanaba lokuqala lokugula. Abantu abane-schizophrenia basengozini yokuzibulala.

Abantu abane-schizophrenia banokufuna izindlu, uqeqesho lomsebenzi, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zenkxaso yoluntu. Abo banezona ndlela zinzima zesi sifo abanako ukuhlala bodwa. Banokufuna ukuhlala kumakhaya eqela okanye kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala ezinde.

Iimpawu kusenokwenzeka ukuba zibuye xa kuyekwa iyeza.

Ukuba ne-schizophrenia kwandisa umngcipheko woku:

• Ukuphuhlisa ingxaki yotywala okanye iziyobisi. Ukusebenzisa ezi zinto kwandisa amathuba okubuyela kweempawu.
• Ukugula ngokwasemzimbeni. Oku kungenxa yokuphila okungasebenziyo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza.
• Ukuzibulala.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba wena (okanye ilungu losapho):

• Yiva amazwi akuxelela ukuba uzenzakalise okanye wenzakalise abanye
• Yiba nomnqweno wokuzenzakalisa okanye wenzakalise abanye
• Zoyike okanye woyike
• Jonga izinto ezingekhoyo ngenene
• Uziva ngathi awukwazi ukuphuma endlwini
• Ziva ukuba awukwazi ukuzikhathalela

Ischizophrenia ayinakunqandwa.

Iimpawu zinokuthintelwa ngokuthatha amayeza ngokuchanekileyo njengoko eyalelwe ngugqirha. Iimpawu kusenokwenzeka ukuba zibuye xa iyeza limisiwe.

Ukutshintsha okanye ukuyeka amayeza kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela ngugqirha obayaleleyo.

Ingqondo - isifo sengqondo; Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo-isifo sengqondo

• Ischizophrenia

Umbutho wezengqondo zaseMelika. Ischizophrenia spectrum kunye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ku: Umbutho wezengqondo zaseMelika. Unyango woNyango kunye neNgcaciso yeNcwadi yokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo. Umhla we-5. IArlington, VA: Ukupapashwa kwengqondo yaseMelika; Ngo-2013: 87-122.

UFreudenreich O, uBrown HE, uHolt DJ. I-Psychosis kunye ne-schizophrenia. Ku: Stern TA, Fava M, Wilens TE, Rosenbaum JF, ii-eds. Isibhedlele saseMassachusetts Jikelele esiBanzi seNyango yoNyango. Ngomhla wesi-2. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2016: isahluko 28.

U-Lee ES, uKronsberg H, uKufumana iRL. Unyango lwePsychopharmacologic lweSchizophrenia kuLutsha nakubantwana. Iiklinikhi zabaNtwana abafikisayo kwi-Psychiatr Clinic. Ngo-2020; 29 (1): 183-210. IINKCUKACHA: 31708047 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31708047.

UMcClellan J, iStock S; I-American Academy yabantwana kunye neKomiti yezeMpilo yoLutsha yaBafikisayo (AACAP) kwiMicimbi yoMgangatho (CQI). Ziqhelise ipharamitha yovavanyo kunye nonyango lwabantwana nakwishumi elivisayo abane-schizophrenia. J Am Acad Umntwana ofikisayo kwi-Psychiatry. Ngo-2013; 52 (9): 976-990. IINKCUKACHA: 23972700 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23972700.