Seswekile - unyango insulin

I-insulin yihomoni eveliswa yipancreas ukunceda ukusetyenziswa komzimba kunye nokugcina iswekile. Iswekile ngumthombo wamafutha emzimbeni.

Ngesifo seswekile, umzimba awunako ukulawula ubungakanani beswekile egazini (ebizwa ngokuba yi-glycemia okanye iswekile esegazini). Unyango lwe-insulin lunokunceda abanye abantu abanesifo seswekile ukuba bagcine amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

IiCarbohydrate ekutyeni ziye zohlulwe zibe yiglucose nezinye iiswekile. Iswekile ifunxwa ukusuka kumjelo wokugaya uye kwigazi. I-insulini yehlisa iswekile esegazini ngokuyivumela ukuba isuke egazini iye kwimisipha, kumanqatha nakwezinye iiseli, apho inokugcinwa okanye isetyenziswe njengamafutha. I-insulin ikwaxelela isibindi ukuba ingakanani i-glucose oyivelisayo xa uzila ukutya (khange ufumane kutya kwakutshanje).

Abantu abanesifo seswekile baneswekile eninzi yegazi kuba imizimba yabo ayenzi insulin ngokwaneleyo okanye ngenxa yokuba imizimba yabo ayiphenduli kakuhle kwi-insulin.

• Ngohlobo lwe-1 yeswekile ipancreas ivelisa kancinci kwi-insulin.
• Ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, amanqatha, isibindi kunye nezihlunu zemisipha aziphenduli ngokuchanekileyo kwi-insulin. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukunganyangeki kwe-insulin. Ixesha elingaphezulu, ipancreas iyayeka ukwenza i-insulin eninzi.

Unyango lwe-insulin luthatha indawo ye-insulin ngokwesiqhelo eyenziwa ngumzimba. Abantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala kufuneka bathathe i-insulin yonke imihla.

Abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 kufuneka bathathe i-insulin xa olunye unyango kunye namayeza esilela ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Imithamo ye-insulin inikwa ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:

• Umthamo osisiseko -Ibonelela ngesixa esifanelekileyo se-insulin ehanjiswa imini nobusuku. Oku kunceda ukugcina amanqanaba eglucose ngokulawula ukuba ingakanani iglucose ekhutshwa sisibindi.
• Idosi yeBolus -Ibonelela ngethamo le-insulin ekudleni ukunceda ukuhambisa iswekile egazini iye kwimisipha kunye namafutha. Iidosi zeBolus zikwanokunceda ukulungisa iswekile yegazi xa iphakama kakhulu. Iidosi zeBolus zikwabizwa ngokuba zezesondlo okanye iidosi zexesha lokutya.

Zininzi iintlobo ze-insulin ezikhoyo. Iindidi ze-insulin zisekwe kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukusetha-ukuba iqala ngokukhawuleza kangakanani ukusebenza emva kwenaliti
• Incopho yexesha-apho idosi yeyona inamandla kwaye isebenzayo
• Ubude bexesha-lilonke ixesha idosi ye-insulin ihlala egazini kwaye yehlisa iswekile yegazi

Apha ngezantsi kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin:

• Ukwenza ngokukhawuleza okanye ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwe-insulin iqala ukusebenza kungaphelanga nemizuzu eli-15, iincopho iyure enye, kwaye ihlala iiyure ezi-4. Kuthathwa kanye ngaphambi okanye nje emva kokutya kunye nokutya okulula. Ihlala isetyenziswa kunye ne-insulin esebenza ixesha elide.
• I-insulin rhoqo okanye emfutshane ifikelela kumjelo wegazi kwimizuzu engama-30 emva kokusetyenziswa, iphakama phakathi kweeyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3, kwaye ihlala iiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6. Oku kuthathwa isiqingatha seyure ngaphambi kokutya kunye nokutya okulula. Ihlala isetyenziswa kunye ne-insulin esebenza ixesha elide.
• Ukwenza okuphakathi okanye i-basal insulin iqala ukusebenza ngaphakathi kweeyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4, iphakamise iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-12, kwaye ihlala iiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18 Oku kuthathwa ikakhulu kabini ngemini okanye ngexesha lokulala.
• I-insulin esebenza ixesha elide iqala ukusebenza iiyure ezimbalwa emva kwenaliti kwaye isebenza malunga neeyure ezingama-24, ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu. Inceda ukulawula iswekile imini yonke. Ihlala idityaniswa ne-insulin ekhawulezileyo- okanye emfutshane esebenza njengoko kufuneka.
• I-insulin esele ixutywe okanye exutywe Yindibaniselwano yeentlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin. Inazo zombini i-basal kunye ne-bolus dose yokulawula iswekile emva kokutya nakulo lonke usuku.
• Ukungenisa i-insulin yindlela esebenza ngokukhawuleza yokuphefumla i-insulin powder eqala ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwemizuzu eli-15 yokusetyenziswa. Isetyenziswa nje phambi kokutya.

Enye okanye ezinye iintlobo ze-insulin zingasetyenziswa kunye ukunceda ukulawula iswekile esegazini. Unokusebenzisa i-insulin kunye namanye amayeza eswekile. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kusebenza nawe ukufumana indibaniselwano efanelekileyo yamayeza akho.

Umboneleli wakho uza kuxela xa ufuna kaninzi kangakanani ukuthatha i-insulin. Ishedyuli yakho yokumisela inokuxhomekeka:

• Ubunzima bakho
• Uhlobo lwe-insulin oyithathayo
• Kangakanani nento oyityayo
• Inqanaba lomsebenzi womzimba
• Inqanaba leswekile yegazi lakho
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo

Umboneleli wakho unokubala idosi ye-insulin kuwe. Umboneleli wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uyijonga njani kwaye nini iswekile yegazi kunye nexesha kunye nedosi yakho emini nasebusuku.

I-insulini ayinakuthathwa ngomlomo kuba isisu esiswini siyayonakalisa i-insulin. Idla ngokufakwa ngaphakathi kolusu kwizicwili ezinamafutha. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa kwe-insulin:

• Isirinji ye-insulin - I-insulin ithathwe kwibhotile iye kwisirinji. Usebenzisa inaliti, ufaka i-insulin phantsi kolusu.
• Impompo ye-insulin - umatshini omncinci onxitywe kwimipompo yomzimba kwi-insulin phantsi kolusu imini yonke. Umbhobho omncinci udibanisa impompo nenaliti encinci efakwe kulusu.
• Usiba lwe-insulin - Iipeni ze-insulin ezilahlwayo zikhethe i-insulin eziswe phantsi kolusu kusetyenziswa inaliti enokutshintsha.
• Inhaler -isixhobo esincinci osisebenzisayo ukufunxa i-insulin powder ngomlomo wakho. Isetyenziswa ekuqaleni kokutya.
• Inaliti yenaliti - ityhubhu emfutshane ifakwa kwinyama phantsi kolusu. Izibuko eliqukethe ityhubhu ligcinwa kulusu kusetyenziswa iteyiphu yokuncamathelisa. I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza ifakwa kumbhobho kusetyenziswa isirinji okanye usiba. Oku kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise indawo enye yenaliti kangangeentsuku ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba ujikeleze kwindawo entsha.

Ungathetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nokhetho lwakho xa usenza isigqibo malunga nendlela yokuhanjiswa kwe-insulin.

I-insulin itofelwe kwezi ndawo emzimbeni:

• Isisu
• Ingalo ephezulu
• Amathanga
• Isinqe

Umboneleli wakho uya kukufundisa indlela yokufaka inaliti ye-insulin okanye usebenzise impompo ye-insulin okanye esinye isixhobo.

Kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba ungalitshintsha njani inani le-insulin oyithathayo:

• Xa usenza umthambo
• Xa ugula
• Xa uza kutya ukutya okuninzi okanye okuncinci
• Xa useluhambeni
• Ngaphambi nasemva kotyando

Ukuba uthatha i-insulin, nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba:

• Ucinga ukuba ungadinga ukutshintsha inkqubo yakho ye-insulin
• Unayo nayiphi na ingxaki yokuthatha i-insulin
• Iswekile yakho yegazi iphezulu kakhulu okanye iphantsi kakhulu kwaye awuqondi ukuba kutheni

Seswekile - insulin

• Impompo ye-insulin
• Imveliso ye-insulin kunye neswekile

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika kwiwebhusayithi. Iziseko ze-insulin. Isifo seswekile.org/living-with-diabetes/treatment-and-care/medication/insulin/insulin-basics.html. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJulayi 16, 2015. Kufumaneka ngoSeptemba 14, 2018.

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika. 8. I-Pharmacologic isondela kunyango lwe-glycemic: Imigangatho yoNyango lwezeMpilo kwiSwekile-2018. Unonophelo lweSwekile. 2018; 41 (iSuppl 1): S73-S85. IINKCUKACHA: 29222379 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29222379.

IZiko leLizwe leSwekile kunye neDigestive kunye neZifo zeZintso kwiwebhusayithi. I-insulin, amayeza, kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango lweswekile. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/insulin-medicines- unyango. Ukuhlaziywa kweyeNkanga ngo-2016. Kufikeleleke ngoSeptemba 14, 2018.

Indawo yase-U.S. I-insulin. www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ByAudience/ForWomen/WomensHealthTopics/ucm216233.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 16, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoSeptemba 14, 2018.

• Amayeza eswekile