Iliso lomzimba

IGliomas ngamathumba akhula kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho. I-Optic gliomas inokuchaphazela:

• Inye okanye zombini zemithambo-luvo ehambisa ulwazi olubonakalayo kwingqondo kwiliso ngalinye
• I-optic chiasm, indawo apho imithambo-luvo ye-optic iwela khona phambi kwe-hypothalamus yengqondo

I-optic glioma inokukhula kunye ne-hypothalamic glioma.

Optical gliomas zinqabile. Unobangela gliomas optic ayaziwa. Uninzi lwe-optic gliomas lukhula kancinci kwaye alunomdlavuza (luyingozi) kwaye lwenzeka ebantwaneni, phantse ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-20. Amatyala amaninzi afunyaniswa eneminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Kukho umanyano olomeleleyo phakathi kwe-optic glioma kunye nohlobo lwe-neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1).

Iimpawu zibangelwa kukukhula kwethumba kunye nokucinezela kwi-optic nerve kunye nakwizakhiwo ezikufutshane. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intshukumo yokuzibandakanya kwamehlo
• Ukukhupha kwangaphandle kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo
• Ukuqunjelwa
• Ukuphulukana nombono kwiliso elinye okanye omabini aqala ngokulahleka kombono kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelele kubumfama

Umntwana unokubonisa iimpawu ze-diencephalic syndrome, ebandakanya:

• Ukulala emini
• Ukwehla kwenkumbulo kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo
• Ukuphulukana namafutha omzimba
• Ukuhlanza

Uvavanyo lwengqondo kunye ne-nervous system (neurologic) lubonisa ukulahleka kombono kwiliso elinye okanye omabini. Kukho utshintsho kwi-optic nerve, kubandakanywa ukuvuvukala okanye ukukhwabanisa kwe-nerve, okanye i-paleness kunye nomonakalo kwi-disc optic.

I-tumor inokunyuka kwiindawo ezinzulu zengqondo. Kunokubakho iimpawu zoxinzelelo olonyukayo kwingqondo (uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi). Kunokubakho iimpawu zohlobo lwe-neurofibromatosis yohlobo 1 (NF1).

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa:

• I-angiography yeCerebral
• Uvavanyo lwethishu esisuswe kwi-tumor ngexesha lotyando okanye kwi-CT ekhokelwa kukuvavanywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe uhlobo lwethumba
• Intloko ye-CT scan okanye i-MRI yentloko
• Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo

Unyango luyahluka ngokobukhulu bethumba kunye nempilo yomntu ngokubanzi. Injongo inokuba kukunyanga esi sifo, ukunciphisa iimpawu, okanye ukuphucula umbono kunye nentuthuzelo.

Utyando lokususa ithumba lunokunyanga ezinye ii-optic gliomas. Ukususwa ngokuyinxalenye ukunciphisa ubungakanani bethumba kunokwenziwa kwiimeko ezininzi. Oku kuyakugcina ithumba ekonakaleni izicubu zobuchopho eziqhelekileyo elijikeleze lona. I-Chemotherapy inokusetyenziswa kwabanye abantwana. I-Chemotherapy inokuba luncedo ngakumbi xa ithumba linwenwela kwi-hypothalamus okanye ukuba umbono uye wanzima kukukhula kwethumba.

Unyango ngemitha lunokucetyiswa kwezinye iimeko xa ithumba likhula ngaphandle kwenyango, kwaye uqhaqho alunakwenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango ngemitha lunokulibaziseka kuba ithumba liyacotha ukukhula. Abantwana abaneNF1 bahlala bengayi kufumana radiation ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

I-Corticosteroids inokumiselwa ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokudumba ngexesha lonyango lwemitha, okanye ukuba iimpawu ziyabuya.

Imibutho enika inkxaso kunye nolwazi olongezelelweyo lubandakanya:

• Iqela le-Oncology yaBantwana - www.childrensoncologygroup.org
• Inethiwekhi yeNeurofibromatosis- www.nfnetwork.org

Imbonakalo yahluke kakhulu kumntu ngamnye. Unyango lwakwangoko luphucula ithuba lesiphumo esihle. Ukulandela ngononophelo kunye neqela lokhathalelo elinamava ngolu hlobo lwethumba kubalulekile.

Xa umbono ulahlekile ukusuka ekukhuleni kwesisu se-optic, akunakubuya.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukukhula kwethumba kuhamba kancinci, kwaye imeko ihlala izinzile ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ithumba lingaqhubeka nokukhula, ke kufuneka libekwe esweni ngokusondeleyo.

Shayela umboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nayiphi na ilahleko yombono, ukungabi nantlungu kwamehlo, okanye ezinye iimpawu zale meko.

Ingcebiso ngemfuzo inokucetyiswa kubantu abane-NF1. Ukuvavanywa kwamehlo rhoqo kunokuvumela ukuxilongwa kwangoko kwezi tumors ngaphambi kokuba zibangele iimpawu.

IGlioma - optic; Optic luvo glioma; Yolutsha pilocytic astrocytoma; Umhlaza wobuchopho-optic glioma

• I-Neurofibromatosis I-eyandisiweyo ye-optic foramen

UEberhart CG. I-adnexa yamehlo kunye neoyile. Ku: Goldblum JR, Izibane LW, McKenney JK, Myers JL, eds. Rosai kunye neAckerman's Pathology. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 45.

UGoodden J, uMallucci C. Optic wendlela ye-hypothalamic gliomas. Ku: Winn HR, ed. Ugqirha we-Youmans kunye no-Winn Neurological. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 207.

U-Olitsky SE, uMarsh JD. Ukungaqheleki kwethambo le-optic. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 649.