Umlomo ococekileyo kunye nenkalakahla

Umlomo ococekileyo kunye nenkalakahla ziziphene zokuzalwa ezichaphazela umlomo ongaphezulu kunye nophahla lomlomo.

Zininzi izinto ezibangela ukucandeka kwemilebe nenkalakahla. Iingxaki zofuzo ezidluliswe zisuka ku-1 okanye bobabini abazali, iziyobisi, iintsholongwane, okanye ezinye iityhefu zonke zinokubangela ezi ziphene. Umlomo ococekileyo kunye nenkalakahla inokwenzeka kunye namanye ama-syndromes okanye iziphene zokuzalwa.

Umlomo osicaba kunye nenkalakahla:

• Ukuchaphazela ukubonakala kobuso
• Khokelela kwiingxaki ngokondla nokuthetha
• Khokelela kusulelo lwendlebe

Iintsana kunokwenzeka ukuba zizalwe zinomlebe kunye nenkalakahla xa zinembali yosapho kwezi meko okanye ezinye iziphene zokuzalwa.

Umntwana unokuba nesiphene esinye okanye ezingaphezulu zokuzalwa.

Umlebe ocacileyo unokuba yinotshi encinci emilebeni. Inokuba kukwahlulwa okupheleleyo kumlomo ohamba yonke indlela ukuya kwisiseko sempumlo.

Inkalakahla ecandekileyo inokuba kwicala elinye okanye kumacala omabini ophahla lomlomo. Inokuhamba ubude obupheleleyo bebala.

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Utshintsho kwimo yempumlo (ingakanani imilo eguqukayo eyahlukileyo)
• Amazinyo alungelelaniswe kakubi

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yomlebe ocacileyo okanye inkalakahla zezi:

• Ukusilela ukutyeba
• Iingxaki zokondla
• Ukuhamba kobisi ngeempumlo ngeempumlo ngexesha lokondla
• Ukukhula kakubi
• Ukuphindaphindeka kosulelo lwendlebe
• Ubunzima bokuthetha

Uvavanyo lomzimba lomlomo, lwempumlo, kunye nenkalakahla luqinisekisa umlomo ocacileyo okanye inkalakahla ecandekileyo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lunokwenziwa ukukhusela ezinye iimeko zempilo ezinokwenzeka.

Utyando lokuvala umlomo osikiweyo luhlala lusenziwa xa umntwana ephakathi kweenyanga ezimbini neenyanga ezilithoba ubudala. Utyando lunokufuneka kamva ebomini ukuba ingxaki inefuthe elikhulu kwimpumlo.

Inkalakahla ecandekileyo ihlala ivaliwe kunyaka wokuqala wobomi ukuze intetho yomntwana ikhule ngokwesiqhelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, isixhobo sokufakelwa sisetyenziselwa okwethutyana ukuvala inkalakahla ukuze umntwana ondle kwaye akhule de kwenziwe utyando.

Ukuqhubeka kokulandela kunokufuneka kunye neengcali zonyango kunye namazinyo.

Ukufumana ezinye izixhobo kunye nolwazi, jonga amaqela enkxaso yenkalakahla.

Uninzi lweentsana luya kuphilisa ngaphandle kwengxaki. Indlela umntwana wakho aza kujonga ngayo ukunyanga ixhomekeke kubuzaza bemeko yabo. Umntwana wakho unokufuna olunye utyando ukulungisa inxeba kwilonda lotyando.

Abantwana ababenendawo yokulungisa inkalakahla enokufuna ukubona ugqirha wamazinyo okanye ugqirha wamazinyo. Amazinyo abo anokufuna ukulungiswa xa bengena.

Iingxaki zokuva zixhaphakile kubantwana abanomlebe okanye inkalakahla. Umntwana wakho kufuneka enze uvavanyo lokuva esemncinci, kwaye kufuneka luphindwe ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Umntwana wakho usenokuba neengxaki ngentetho emva kotyando. Oku kubangelwa yingxaki yezihlunu enkalakahleni. Unyango lwentetho luya kunceda umntwana wakho.

Umlomo ococekileyo kunye nenkalakahla kuhlala kufunyaniswa ukuba kuzalwa. Landela iingcebiso zomboneleli wakho wezempilo kutyelelo olulandelayo. Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba iingxaki ziyavela phakathi kotyelelo.

Inkalakahla ecwengileyo Isiphene se-Craniofacial

• Ukucoca imilebe kunye nenkalakahla - ukukhupha

• Ukulungiswa kwemilebe yokucoceka - uthotho

UDhar V. Umlomo ococekileyo kunye nenkalakahla. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 336.

I-Wang TD, iMilczuk HA. Umlomo ococekileyo kunye nenkalakahla. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahl. 187.