Iinyawo ezisicaba

Iinyawo ezinamacala (pes planus) zibhekisa kutshintsho lobume beenyawo apho unyawo lungenayo iarch yesiqhelo xa lumi.

Iinyawo ezicaba ziqhelekileyo. Le meko iqhelekile kwiintsana nakwiintsana.

Iinyawo ezisicaba zenzeka ngenxa yokuba izicwili ezibambe amalunga onyawo kunye (ezibizwa ngokuba ziitoni) zikhululekile.

Izicubu ziyaqina kwaye zenze iarch njengoko abantwana bekhula. Oku kuyakwenzeka ngelixa umntwana eneminyaka emi-2 okanye emithathu ubudala. Uninzi lwabantu lunemiqolo eqhelekileyo ngelixa sele bekhulile. Nangona kunjalo, i-arch ayinakuze yenze kwabanye abantu.

Ezinye iimeko zelifa zibangela imisipha evulekileyo.

• Isifo se-Ehlers-Danlos
• IMarfan Syndrome

Abantu abazalelwe kwezi meko banokuba neenyawo ezisicaba.

Ukwaluphala, ukonzakala, okanye ukugula kunokwenzakalisa imisipha kwaye kubangele ukuba iinyawo ezithe tyaba zikhule emntwini osele enze iarches. Olu hlobo lwenyawo olusicaba lunokwenzeka kuphela kwicala elinye.

Rhoqo, iinyawo ezifihlakeleyo ezibuhlungu ebantwaneni zinokubangelwa yimeko apho amabini okanye nangaphezulu amathambo onyawo akhula okanye adibane kunye. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba ngumdibaniso we-tarsal.

Uninzi lweenyawo ezithe tyaba azibangeli zintlungu okanye ezinye iingxaki.

Abantwana banokuba neentlungu zenyawo, iintlungu zamaqatha, okanye iintlungu ezisezantsi zomlenze. Kuya kufuneka kuvavanywe ngumboneleli wezempilo ukuba oku kuyenzeka.

Iimpawu kubantu abadala zinokubandakanya ukudinwa okanye iinyawo eziqaqambayo emva kwexesha elide lokuma okanye lokudlala imidlalo. Unokuba nentlungu ngaphandle kweqatha.

Kubantu abaneenyawo ezisicaba, iinyawo zenyawo zidibana nomhlaba xa umi.

Ukufumanisa ingxaki, umboneleli uya kukucela ukuba ume kwiinzwane zakho. Ukuba iarch form, unyawo olucaba lubizwa ngokuba lubhetyebhetye. Awusayi kuphinda ufune ezinye iimvavanyo okanye unyango.

Ukuba i-arch ayenzi ngokuma kweenzwane (ezibizwa ngokuba ziinyawo eziqinileyo), okanye ukuba kukho iintlungu, olunye uvavanyo lunokufuneka, kubandakanya:

• Ukuskena i-CT ukujonga amathambo elunyaweni
• Ukuskena kweMRI ukujonga imisipha elunyaweni
• IX-reyi yonyawo ukukhangela isifo samathambo

Iinyawo ezigcweleyo emntwaneni azidingi nyango ukuba azibangeli ntlungu okanye iingxaki zokuhamba.

• Iinyawo zomntwana wakho ziya kukhula kwaye zikhule ngokufanayo, nokuba izihlangu ezizodwa, ukufaka izihlangu, iikomityi zesithende, okanye iidges zisetyenzisiwe.
• Umntwana wakho unokuhamba enganxibanga zihlangu, abaleke okanye atsibe, okanye enze nawuphi na umsebenzi ngaphandle kokwenza iinyawo ezisicaba zibe mandundu.

Kubantwana abadala kunye nakubantu abadala, iinyawo eziguqukayo eziguqukayo ezingabangeli zintlungu okanye iingxaki zokuhamba azidingi nyango longezelelweyo.

Ukuba unentlungu ngenxa yeenyawo eziguqukayo, oku kulandelayo kunokunceda:

• I-arch-support (orthotic) oyifaka kwisihlangu sakho. Ungayithenga le venkile okanye uyenzele isiko.
• Izicathulo ezizodwa.
• Ithole lisolula izihlunu.

Iinyawo eziqinileyo okanye ezibuhlungu kufuneka zihlolwe ngumboneleli. Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu seenyawo ezisicaba.

Kumanyano lwe-tarsal, unyango luqala ngokuphumla kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba baphoswe. Utyando lunokufuneka ukuba iintlungu aziphucuki.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, utyando lunokufuneka:

• Coca okanye ulungise ithenda
• Ukutshintshwa kwethenda yokubuyisela i-arch
• Fuse amalungu ngenyawo kwindawo elungisiweyo

Iinyawo ezinamanzi kubantu abadala zinganyangeka ngokuthomalalisa iintlungu, ii-orthotic, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha utyando.

Uninzi lweziganeko zeenyawo ezisicaba azibangeli zintlungu kwaye azibangeli ngxaki. Abayi kufuna unyango.

Abanye oonobangela beenyawo ezicabaleleyo ezinokunyangwa ngaphandle kotyando. Ukuba olunye unyango alusebenzi, utyando lunokufuneka ukunciphisa iintlungu kwezinye iimeko. Ezinye zeemeko ezinje ngomdibaniso we-tarsal unokufuna utyando ukulungisa ukukhubazeka ukuze unyawo luhlale lubhetyebhetye.

Utyando luhlala luphucula iintlungu kunye nokusebenza kweenyawo kubantu abayifunayo.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho emva kotyando zibandakanya:

• Ukusilela kwamathambo ahlanganisiweyo ukuphilisa
• Ukukhubazeka kweenyawo okungahambiyo
• Usulelo
• Ukuphulukana nentshukumo yamaqatha
• Intlungu engapheliyo
• Iingxaki ngokulunga kwesihlangu

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ukuba ufumana iintlungu ezingapheliyo ezinyaweni zakho okanye umntwana wakho ukhalaza ngentlungu yeenyawo okanye iintlungu ezisezantsi zomlenze.

Uninzi lweziganeko alunakuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukunxiba izihlangu ezixhaswe kakuhle kunokuba luncedo.

I-Pes planovalgus; Iingqameko eziwile; Ukubizwa kweenyawo; Pes isicwangciso

Inzondo BJ. Ukuphazamiseka kwethoni kunye nefascia kunye nokufikisa kunye neplus yabantu abadala. Ku: Azar FM, Beaty JH, Kanale ST, ii-eds. Umsebenzi weCampbell's Orthopedics. Umhla we-13. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 82.

IMyerson MS, iKadakia AR. Ukulungiswa kwe-flatfoot deformity kumntu omdala. Ku: Myerson MS, Kadakia AR, ii-eds. Uqhaqho lweenyawo kunye neqatha: Ulawulo lweengxaki. Ngomhla wesi-3. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 14.

UWinell JJ, Davidson RS. Unyawo neenzwane. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: isahluko 674.