Osteosarcoma

I-Osteosarcoma luhlobo olunqabileyo kakhulu lomhlaza wesifo somhlaza esihlala sikhula kulutsha. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa umntwana ekhula ngokukhawuleza.

I-Osteosarcoma yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo ngumhlaza wamathambo ebantwaneni. Umyinge weminyaka yobudala ekufumanekeni uneminyaka eli-15. Amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana asenokwenzeka ukuba ahlakulele eli thumba ade afike kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo, xa isenzeka rhoqo kubafana. I-Osteosarcoma ixhaphake kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.

Unobangela awaziwa. Kwezinye iimeko, i-osteosarcoma isebenza kwiintsapho. Ubuncinci uhlobo olunye luye lwadityaniswa nomngcipheko owandileyo. Olu luhlobo lukwanxulunyaniswa ne-retinoblastoma yosapho. Lo ngumhlaza wamehlo owenzeka ebantwaneni.

I-Osteosarcoma ihlala yenzekile emathanjeni:

• Shin (kufutshane nedolo)
• Amathanga (kufutshane nedolo)
• Ingalo ephezulu (kufutshane negxalaba)

I-Osteosarcoma yenzeka kakhulu kumathambo amakhulu kwindawo yethambo kunye nenqanaba lokukhula okukhawulezayo. Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na ithambo.

Uphawu lokuqala ludla ngokuba yintlungu kufutshane nelungu. Olu phawu lunokungahoywa ngenxa yezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo zentlungu edibeneyo.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukuqhekeka kwethambo (kunokwenzeka emva kwentshukumo yesiqhelo)
• Umda wesindululo
• Ukuqhwalela (ukuba ithumba lisemlenzeni)
• Ubuhlungu xa uphakamisa (ukuba ithumba isengalweni)
• Ukuthantamisa, ukudumba, okanye ububomvu kwindawo yethumba

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga nembali yonyango kunye neempawu.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-Biopsy (ngexesha lotyando lokufumanisa isifo)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Ukuskena kwethambo ukubona ukuba umhlaza unwenwele kwamanye amathambo
• Ukuxilongwa kwesifuba nge-CT ukubona ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na ukuya emiphungeni
• Ukuskena iMRI
• Ukuskena iPET
• X-reyi

Unyango luhlala luqala emva kokuba kwenziwe i-biopsy yethumba.

Ngaphambi kotyando lokususa ithumba, i-chemotherapy ihlala inikwa. Oku kunokulinciphisa ithumba kwaye wenze utyando lube lula. Isenokubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinwenwele kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Utyando lusetyenziswa emva kwekhemotherapy ukususa naliphi na ithumba elisele. Kwiimeko ezininzi, utyando lushenxisa ithumba ngelixa ligcina ilungu elichaphazelekayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luqhaqho lokugcina amalungu. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, utyando oluchaphazelekayo (ukunqunyulwa) luyimfuneko.

Ungaluphelisa uxinzelelo lokugula ngokujoyina iqela lokuxhasa umhlaza.Ukwabelana nabanye abanamava afanayo kunye neengxaki kunokukunceda wena kunye nosapho lwakho ukuba ningaziva nodwa.

Ukuba i-tumor ayisasazekanga kwimiphunga (i-pulmonary metastasis), amazinga okusinda ixesha elide angcono. Ukuba umhlaza unwenwele kwamanye amalungu omzimba, imeko iba mbi ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho ithuba lokunyanga ngonyango olusebenzayo.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukususwa kwamalungu
• Ukusasazeka komhlaza kwimiphunga
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zekhemotherapy

Shayela umnikezeli wakho ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unentlungu eqhubekayo yethambo, ukuthamba, okanye ukudumba.

Osteogenic sarcoma; I-Bone tumor - i-osteosarcoma

• X-reyi
• Osteogenic sarcoma - X-reyi
• Ukufumana i-sarcoma-x-ray
• Ithumba

UAnderson ME, uRandall RL, uSkyfield DS, uGebhardt MC. I-Sarcomas yethambo. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014: isahluko 92.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. I-Osteosarcoma kunye ne-histiocytoma yonyango ene-fibrous yonyango lwethambo (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/bone/hp/osteosarcoma- unyango-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 11, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoNovemba 12, 2018.