Ukulimala kwengqondo-ukukhutshwa

Umntu omaziyo wayesesibhedlele ngenxa yokulimala kakhulu kwengqondo. Ekhaya, kuya kuthatha ixesha ukuba bazive bebhetele. Eli nqaku lichaza okulindelweyo ngexesha lokuchacha kwabo kunye nendlela yokubanceda ekhaya.

Okokuqala, ababoneleli ngezempilo babonelela ngonyango ukuthintela nawuphi na umonakalo engqondweni, kunye nokunceda intliziyo, imiphunga, kunye namanye amalungu abalulekileyo omzimba.

Emva kokuba umntu ezinzile, kwenziwa unyango ukubanceda bachache konzakala kwengqondo. Umntu unokuhlala kwiyunithi ekhethekileyo enceda abantu abanokulimala kwengqondo.

Abantu abanokwenzakala okukhulu kwengqondo baphucula ngesantya sabo. Ezinye izakhono, ezinjengokuhamba okanye intetho, zinokuhamba ziye emva naphambili phakathi kokuphucula kunye nokubi ngakumbi. Kodwa kuhlala kukho ukuphucula.

Abantu banokubonisa isimilo esingafanelekanga emva kokonzakala kwengqondo. Kulungile ukubonisa ukuba indlela yokuziphatha ayifanelekanga. Chaza isizathu ucebise ngendlela eyahlukileyo yokuziphatha. Nika indumiso xa umntu ezolile okanye etshintsha indlela aziphethe ngayo.

Ngamanye amaxesha ukucebisa ngomsebenzi omtsha okanye indawo entsha onokukhetha kuyo yeyona ilungileyo.

Kubalulekile ukuba amalungu osapho kunye nabanye bahlale bezolile.

• Zama ukungayihoyi indlela onomsindo ngayo. Musa ukwenza ubuso okanye ukubonisa umsindo okanye isigwebo.
• Ababoneleli baya kukufundisa ukuba uthathe isigqibo sokungenelela kwaye nini ukungahoyi isimilo esithile.

Ekhaya, umntu owenzakeleyo engqondweni unokufuna ukuziqhelanisa nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Inokukunceda ukwenza isiqhelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba imisebenzi ethile yenziwa ngexesha elinye yonke imihla.

Ababoneleli baya kukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba umntu angazimela kangakanani kwaye unokubashiya nini bodwa. Qiniseka ukuba ikhaya lakho likhuselekile ukuze ukwenzakala kungenzeki. Oku kubandakanya ukwenza igumbi lokuhlambela likhuseleke, nokuba ngumntwana okanye umntu omdala, kunye nokukhusela ekuweni.

Usapho kunye nabanonopheli banokufuna ukunceda umntu ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuzilolonga iingqiniba, amagxa, kunye namanye amalungu, ukuzigcina zikhululekile
• Ukujonga ukuqiniswa ngokudibeneyo (iikhontrakthi)
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziqwenga zisetyenziswa ngendlela echanekileyo
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iingalo nemilenze zikwindawo entle xa uhleli okanye ulele
• Ukunyamekela ukuxhamla kwemisipha okanye i-spasms

Ukuba umntu usebenzisa isitulo esinamavili, baya kudinga utyelelo olulandelayo kunye nomboneleli wabo ukuqinisekisa ukuba lulunga kakuhle. Umntu kufuneka atshintshe indawo kwisitulo esinamavili amatyeli aliqela ngeyure emini, ukunceda ukuthintela izilonda kulusu.

Funda ukwenza ikhaya lakho likhuseleke ukuba umntu okhubazeke ngengqondo uyazula ngaphakathi okanye ekhaya.

Abanye abantu abanokulimala kwengqondo bayalibala ngokutya. Ukuba kunjalo, bancede bafunde ukongeza iikhalori ezingaphezulu. Thetha nomboneleli ukuba umntu ungumntwana. Abantwana kufuneka bafumane iikhalori ezaneleyo kunye nesondlo ukuze bakhule. Buza umboneleli ukuba ufuna ingcebiso nge-dietitian.

Ukuba umntu owenzakele ebuchotsheni uneengxaki zokuginya, bancede balandele nakuphi na ukutya okhethekileyo okwenza ukuba ukutya kukhuseleke. Buza umboneleli ukuba zithini iimpawu zeengxaki zokuginya. Funda iingcebiso zokwenza ukondla nokuginya kube lula kwaye kukhuseleke.

Iingcebiso zokwenza impahla kube lula ukuyibeka kwaye uyikhuphe:

• Musa ukunika umntu ukhetho oluninzi kakhulu.
• IVelcro ilula kakhulu kunamaqhosha kunye neeziphu. Ukuba impahla inamaqhosha okanye uziphu, kufanele ukuba ngaphambili.
• Sebenzisa iimpahla zepullover xa kunokwenzeka kwaye utyibilize izihlangu.

Iingcebiso zokuthetha nomntu owenzakeleyo engqondweni (ukuba baneengxaki zokuqonda):

• Gcina iziphazamiso kunye nengxolo phantsi. Yiya kwigumbi elizolileyo.
• Sebenzisa amagama nezivakalisi ezilula, thetha kancinci. Gcina ilizwi lakho liphantsi. Phinda xa kufuneka njalo. Sebenzisa amagama aqhelekileyo kunye neendawo. Baxelele ukuba uza kuwutshintsha nini umxholo.
• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, bajonge emehlweni ngaphambi kokuba ubabambe okanye uthethe nabo.
• Buza imibuzo ukuze umntu akwazi ukuphendula "ewe" okanye "hayi" Xa kunokwenzeka, nika ukhetho olucacileyo. Sebenzisa iipropu okanye izibonisi xa kunokwenzeka. Musa ukumnika izinto ezininzi anokukhetha kuzo umntu.

Xa unika imiyalelo:

• Yahlula imiyalelo ibe ngamanyathelo amancinci nelula.
• Vumela ixesha lokuba umntu aqonde.
• Ukuba umntu uyakhathazeka, thatha ikhefu okanye uthathele ingqalelo ubamthumele komnye umsebenzi.

Zama ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano:

• Unokufuna ukusebenzisa ukwalatha, ukubonisa izandla, okanye ukuzoba.
• Yenza incwadi enemifanekiso yamagama okanye iifoto oza kuzisebenzisa xa unxibelelana ngezihloko eziqhelekileyo okanye ngabantu.

Yiba nesiqhelo. Nje ukuba umntu afumane indlela yesiqhelo esebenzayo, mncede unamathele kuyo. Khetha ixesha eliqhelekileyo, elifana emva kwesidlo okanye ibhafu efudumeleyo.

• Linda. Ingathatha imizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwengama-45 ukuba umntu abe nokuhamba kwamathumbu.
• Zama ukuba umntu athambise isisu sakhe ukuze ancede isitulo sihambe ngekholoni.

Umntu unokuba neengxaki zokuqala ukuchama okanye ukukhupha wonke umchamo ngaphandle kwesinyi. Isinyi sinokungabinanto rhoqo okanye ngexesha elingalunganga. Isinyi sinokugcwala kakhulu, kwaye zinokuvuza umchamo kwisinyi esigcwalisiweyo.

Amanye amadoda nabasetyhini banokufuna ukusebenzisa ipayipi yokuchama. Le yityhubhu ebhityileyo efakwa kwisinyi. Funda indlela yokunyamekela i-catheter.

Tsalela umniki-mntu umnxeba ukuba bane:

• Iingxaki zokuthatha iziyobisi ngezihlunu zemisipha
• Iingxaki zokuhambisa amalungu (isivumelwano esidibeneyo)
• Iingxaki zokuhamba hamba okanye kuya kusiba nzima kubo ukuba batshintshe ngaphandle kwebhedi okanye isitulo
• Izilonda zolusu okanye bomvu
• Intlungu eya isiba mandundu
• Ukutswina okanye ukukhohlela xa usitya
• Iimpawu zosulelo lwesinyi (umkhuhlane, ukutshisa ngokuchama, okanye ukuchama rhoqo)
• Imiba yokuziphatha ekunzima ukuyilawula

Ukulimala kwentloko - ukukhutshwa; Ukubandezeleka kwentloko - ukukhutshwa; Ukuxubana - ukukhutshwa; Ingqondo yomntwana e-Shaken - ukukhutshwa

Umbutho woKonzakala kweBongo eMelika iwebhusayithi. Abantu abadala: ungalindela ntoni ekhaya. www.biausa.org/brain-injury/about-brain-injury/adult-what-to-expect/adult-what-to-expect-at-home. Kufumaneka ngo-Matshi 15, 2021.

I-Dobkin BH. Ukuvuselelwa kwengqondo. Ku: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kunye neDaroff kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022: isahluko 55.

Umdibaniso Wononophelo Lweentsapho; Iziko leSizwe kwiwebhusayithi yoKhathalelo. Ukonzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu. www.caregiver.org/traumatic-brain-injury. Ukuhlaziywa kuka-2020. Kufikeleleke ngo-Matshi 15, 2021.

• Ubungqina beBongo
• Ukwenzakala entloko - uncedo lokuqala

• Ukhuseleko kwigumbi lokuhlambela - abantwana
• Ukhuseleko kwigumbi lokuhlambela kubantu abadala
• Ukunyamekela ukuxhamla kwemisipha okanye i-spasms
• Ukuxubusha kubantu abadala-ukukhutshwa
• Ingxubusho kubantu abadala-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Ukuxubana ebantwaneni-ukukhutshwa
• Ingxubusho ebantwaneni-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Inkqubo yemihla ngemihla yokunakekelwa kwamathumbu
• Ukuthintela ukuwa
• Xa une-incontinence yomchamo

• Ukonzakala kwengqondo ebuhlungu